List of conflicts in Eritrea

Location of Eritrea

Ancient Times

Dʿmt

• circa 500 B.C.E. Fall of Dʿmt

Modern Times

Ottoman Eyalet of Jeddah and Habesh

• 1,557 C.E. — 1,624 C.E. Ottoman conquest of Habesh

Italian Eritrea

• 1,895 C.E. — 1,896 C.E. First Italo—Ethiopia War
  • January 13, 1,895 C.E. Battle of Coatit
• October 3, 1,935 C.E. — May 1,936 C.E. Second Italo—Abyssinian War
  • October 3, 1,935 C.E. — December 1,935 C.E. De Bono's invasion of Abyssinia

Italian East Africa

Italian East Africa in 1936.

  Italian East Africa

  Conquered in 1940

  Possessions and occupied territories

  Kingdom of Italy

• June 10, 1,940 C.E. — November 27, 1,941 C.E. World War II
  • June 10, 1,940 C.E. — May 2, 1,945 C.E. Mediterranean and Middle East theatre
    • June 10, 1,940 C.E. — November 27, 1,941 C.E. East African Campaign
      • February 5, 1,941 C.E. — April 1, 1,941 C.E. Battle of Keren

Federation of Ethiopia and Eritrea

Location of the Federation of Ethiopia and Eritrea in the Horn of Africa.

• September 1, 1,961 C.E. — May 29, 1,991 C.E. Eritrean War of Independence
  • 1,977 C.E. — 1,978 C.E. Battle of Massawa
  • 1,977 C.E. Siege of Barentu
  • March 17, 1,988 C.E. — March 20, 1,988 C.E. Battle of Afabet
  • February 8, 1,990 C.E. — February 10, 1,990 C.E. Battle of Massawa

Date	Deaths	Location	Description of event
1967-07-24	172	Hazemo	Several villages wiped out and the throats of men slit in front of their wives and children.[1][2]
Late 1967	Approx 50	Akordat	Students suspected of being members of the ELF were hanged in the centre of town. Parents of the slain were forced, by the Ethiopian Army, to unhang their dead children and take them home.[3]
1970-01-17	60	Elabared	The village elders were rounded up for supporting the Eritrean Liberation Front and killed.[4]
1970-11-30	120	Basik Dera	The entire village was rounded up into the local mosque and the mosque's doors were locked, the building was then razed and survivors were shot.[2][5]
1970-12-01	625	Ona	Ethiopian Army units surrounded the village killing civilians and burning down the village.[6]
1974-07-10	170+[2]	Om Hajer
1974-12-28	45[7]	Asmara	Students were strangled to death using piano wires, their bodies were dumped in alleyways and doorsteps.
1971	Approx 70	Keren	Students and youth suspected of supporting the ELF were publicly executed by hanging. Family members were forced to attend the execution and cut down their children from the noose.
1975-02-14	331-500,3000[8][9]	Asmara, Surrounding villages	Shortly after an EPLF attack on two Ethiopian divisions, Ethiopian troops fire upon civilians gathered in Churches, homes and schools.
1975-02-02	80[2]-103[4]	Woki Duba	During an engagement with the EPLF and ELF the Ethiopian Army attacked the church where villagers had taken refuge.
1975-03-09	208[4]	Agordat	After several ELF attacks on the town the Ethiopian Army retaliated on the local population.
1975-04-17	235[2]-470[10]	Hirgigo
August 1975	~250	Om Hajer	The villagers were machine gunned in front of a river to prevent escape.[4]
1976-12-30	105[9]	Archico
1985-10-19	39[2]	Mogoraib
April, 1988	3	Agordat	Killed by aerial attacks.[11]
1988-05-04	unknown	Shebah[2]
1988-12-05	400+[12]	She'eb	The dead were mostly women and children as the men had moved to the towns to eke out a living for their impoverished village.[4]
3–4 April 1990	67 killed, 125 wounded	Afabet	Aerial attacks[11]
24 April 1990	50 killed, 110 wounded	Massawa	Aerial attacks, cluster bombs[13]

Ethiopian Empire

• February 1,972 C.E. — October 13, 1,974 C.E. First Eritrean Civil War

Provisional Military Government of Socialist Ethiopia

• February 1,980 C.E. — March 24, 1,981 C.E. Second Eritrean Civil War

Transitional Government of Ethiopia

• December 15, 1,995 C.E. — December 17, 1,995 C.E. Hanish Islands conflict

State of Eritrea

• May 6, 1,998 C.E. — May 25, 2,000 C.E. Eritrean—Ethiopian War
• June 10, 2,008 C.E. — June 13, 2,008 C.E. Djiboutian—Eritrean border conflict
• January 1, 2,010 C.E. Eritrean—Ethiopian border skirmish

References

1. "40th anniversary of Hazemo Massacre commemorated". Archived from the original on 30 September 2007. Retrieved 2007-07-26.
2. "Eritrean Martyrs’ Day". Retrieved 2006-09-26.
3. {Wrong, Michelle, " I didn't do it for you", pg 227, image 1.}
4. Killion, Tom (1998). Historical Dictionary of Eritrea. The Scarecrow Press. ISBN 0-8108-3437-5.
5. Louise Latt. "Eritrea Re-photographed: Landscape Changes in the Eritrean Highlands 1890-2004" (PDF). Retrieved 2006-09-26.
6. "Dates in Eritrean History". Retrieved 2006-09-26.
7. https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=ZhMyAAAAIBAJ&sjid=2aEFAAAAIBAJ&pg=2025,2893715&dq=ethiopian+army+massacres&hl=en
8. https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=awQqAAAAIBAJ&sjid=_SgEAAAAIBAJ&pg=7188,1633945&dq=ethiopia+massacres+eritrea&hl=en
9. https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=xL0yAAAAIBAJ&sjid=oO0FAAAAIBAJ&pg=2565,5013069&dq=ethiopia+massacres+eritrea&hl=en
10. "32nd Anniversary of Hirgigo Massacre marked". Archived from the original on September 30, 2007. Retrieved 2007-03-11.
11. Africa Watch, Ethiopia: "Mengistu has Decided to Burn Us like Wood": Bombing of Civilians and Civilian Targets by the Air Force, 24 July 1990
12. "Lives Shaped By War" (Press release). National Union of Eritrean Women.
13. New York Times http://www.nytimes.com/1990/04/24/world/rebels-say-ethiopian-planes-killed-50-in-port-bombings.html?src=pm

See also

• List of wars involving Eritrea
• Eritrean Defence Forces
• Eritrean Army
• Eritrean Air Force
• Eritrean Navy
• Military history of Africa
• African military systems to 1,800 C.E.
• African military systems 1,800 C.E. — 1,900 C.E.
• African military systems after 1,900 C.E.