List of fraternal auxiliaries and side degrees

Fraternal orders often have "side degrees" or auxiliaries. Some of these are created as female "sister organizations", youth organizations or side degrees proper which are organizations associated with or within the larger organization.

AHEPA

The American Hellenic Educational Progressive Association or AHEPA, has three auxiliaries[1]

Ancient Order of United Workmen

Elks

The Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks banned auxiliaries and side degrees in 1907, but unofficial female and youth auxiliaries have still been founded at the local level. Furthermore, female auxiliaries are recognized by the Elks of Canada and the African-American Improved Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks of the World[3]

Foresters

Freemasonry

Shriners

Other Masonic side degrees

Kiwanis

Youth and schools

Knights of Columbus

Knights of Pythias

Maccabees

Odd fellows

Redmen

Woodmen

Other groups

References

  1. Axelrod p.4
  2. Preuss p.129
  3. 1 2 Axelrod pp.76-7
  4. Schmidt, Alvin J. Fraternal Organizations Westport, CT; Greenwood Press p.44 Schmidts main source is "The Antlers" in James R. Nicholson and Lee A. Donaldson, History of the Order of Elks 1969. The source for the continued existence of the Antlers after 1946 was apparently an Elks official he spoke to. The text of the relevant portion of the 1907 resolution is on p.109
  5. 1 2 3 4 Axelrod p.77
  6. Schmidt p.93
  7. Axelrod p.76
  8. Schmidt pp.10910
  9. Stevens, Albert Clark, 1854- The Cyclopædia of Fraternities: A Compilation of Existing Authentic Information and the Results of Original Investigation as to More than Six Hundred Secret Societies in the United States (New York: Hamilton Printing and Publishing Company), 1899, p.284
  10. Preuss, Arthur A Dictionary of Secret and other Societies St. Louis: B. Herder Book Co. 1924 pp.440-1
  11. Preuss p.207
  12. Stevens p.233
  13. Preuss p.229
  14. Axelrod p.11
  15. Preuss p.110
  16. My Memoirs of the Daughters of the Nile by Mable R. Krows, s.p., s.n. 1951 pp.2-3
  17. Who We Are and What We Do DAUGHTERS OF THE NILE WORKING TOGETHER FOR THE CHILDREN WHO WE ARE
  18. Who We Are and What We Do DAUGHTERS OF THE NILE WORKING TOGETHER FOR THE CHILDREN WHAT WE DO
  19. 1 2 About the Ladies' Oriental Shrine of North America (LOSNA)
  20. Axelrod p.161
  21. About Shrine Guilds of America, Inc.
  22. 1 2 Shrine Guilds of America
  23. Shrine Guild
  24. History
  25. Axelrod pp.110-1
  26. Christian Cynosure Vol. XLVII #11 March 1915 p.234
  27. Bogdan, Henrik Western Esotericism and Rituals of Initiation Albany, SUNY Press, 2012 p.43
  28. Preuss p.283
  29. Axelrod p.6
  30. Cambridge Chronicle Vol. LXIX #18 May 9, 1914 p.3
  31. Sacred Heart Review Vol. L Number 13, 13 September 1913
  32. Sacred Heart Review Vol. L Number 11, 30 August 1913
  33. Schmidt p.180
  34. Preuss, p.45
  35. Stevens pp.229, 284 On the latter page Stevens states that this side degree was "formerly" used by the Knights of Pythias
  36. Preuss, pp.45, 238
  37. Rosen, Peter The Catholic church and secret societies Milwaukee : Cannon Printing 1903 pp.248-52
  38. Preuss, p.45, Stevens pp.229, 284 On the latter page Stevens only uses the term "Orientals", which Preuss takes to mean the same group
  39. 1 2 Axelrod p.183
  40. 1 2 Fez Museum
  41. Axelrod p.221
  42. Approximate Timeline of Odd Fellows Social Organization Mergers
  43. 1 2 Magical Fraternities of Marin
  44. Lawrence Journal-World Jun 22, 1922 p.8
  45. Preuss pp.386-8
  46. Axelrod p.114
  47. Axelrod p.217
  48. Axelrod p.264
  49. Axelrod p.265
  50. Axelrod p.175
  51. Preuss, p.385
  52. Axelrod p.28
  53. Preuss p.267
  54. Preuss p.518

Further reading

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