List of loanwords in Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
Loan words in Assyrian Neo-Aramaic came about mostly due to the contact between Assyrian people and Arabs, Iranians, Kurds and Turks in modern history.[2] Assyrian is one of the few languages where most of its foreign words come from a different language family (in this case, Indo-European).[3]
Unlike other Neo-Aramaic languages, Assyrian has an extensive number of Iranian loanwords[4] Depending on the dialect, Arabic loanwords are also reasonably present.[5] Some Turkish loanwords are Turkified words that are of Arabic origin.[6] To note, some of the loanwords are revised (or "Assyrianized"), and therefore would sound somewhat different to the original word.[7] Furthermore, some loanwords may also have a slightly different meaning from the original language.[8]
Arabic
- Askar (soldier)
- Alasas (as if) - Some speakers
- Donyeh (world)
- Bas (but) - Some speakers
- Boori (water pipe)
- Chakooch (hammer)
- Hookma (government)
- Is-Haal (diarrhea)
- Mesteshfa (hospital)
- Qissa (forehead)
- Sadra (chest)
- Sakh (healthy)
- Sejin (jail) - Some speakers
- Thelaja (fridge) - Some speakers
- Yalla (hurry up) - Some speakers
Farsi
- Bush (more)
- Changal (fork)
- Charek (quarter)
- Dardeh (sorrow)
- Dormanah (medicine)
- Erzan (cheap)
- Ham (also)
- Halbat (of course)
- Hasanay (easy)
- Hitch (nothing)
- Janta (purse/backpack)
- Jezdan (wallet)
- Khiyara (cucumber)
- Mees (table)
- Panjara (window)
- Ranga (colour)
- Razi (satisfied)
- Sabab (reason)
- Tambal (lazy)
- Zahmat (difficult)
- Zarda (yellow)
Kurdish
- Aqlah (leg)
- Chapleh (left)
- Choom (close/lock)
- Dormanah (medicine)
- Hawar (aid)
- Hiwi (hope)
- Jwanqa (handsome)
- Qisset (story)
- Qonya (drain/well)
- Razel (to shame)
Turkish
- Balket (maybe)
- Dabanja (gun)
- Doos (straight or flat)
- Gamee (ship)
- Hazir (ready) - Arabic, Hadir (حاضر), "present'"
- Kismet (fate) - Arabic, Qisma (قسمة), "division"
- Rahat (comfortable) - Arabic, Raha (راحة), "relaxation"
- Tamiz (clean) - Arabic, Tamy (تمييز) , "refinement"
- Taws (dust)
- Zengen (rich) - Persian, Sang (سنگين), "precious"
Other
These foreign words are borrowed from other Indo-European languages:
- Atmabel (automobile/car) - French
- Benzen (petroleum) - German: Benzin
- Glass (glass cup) - English
- Jameka (twin) - Latin: geminus, French: jumeau, Portuguese: gêmeo
- Maymoon (monkey) - Middle Greek: Mimoun (μῖμων), "imitators, ape, mimicry"
- Soleh (shoe) - English: sole, Latin: solea, Kurdish: sol
- Stomka (stomach) - English, Greek: stómachos; Latin: stomachus
- Stawp (stove/heater) - English
- Telvizion (television) and Tileefon (telephone) - English, Latin, Greek
See also
- Chaldean Neo-Aramaic, a language (also considered a dialect of Assyrian) which may use some of these loanwords.
- List of English words of Semitic origin
- Hybrid word
- Morphology
References
- ↑ Yohannan, A. (1900). A Modern Syriac-English dictionary, Part 1, New York.
- ↑ Yildiz, Efrem, The Aramaic Language and Its Classification, Journal of Assyrian Academic Studies 14:1 (2000)
- ↑ Odisho, Edward Y. (2002). „The role of aspiration in the translation of loanwords in Aramaic and Arabic“, W. Arnold and H. Bobzin (ed.): Sprich doch mit deinen Knechten aramäisch, wir verstehen es! 60 Beiträge zur Semitistik. Festschrift für Otto Jastrow zum 60 Geburtstag, Wiesbaden, 489-502.
- ↑ Younansardaroud, Helen, Synharmonism in the Särdä:rïd Dialect, Journal of Assyrian Academic Studies 12:1 (1998): 77-82.
- ↑ The Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Barwar, Geoffrey Khan, Boston, 2008
- ↑ Yamauchi, Edwin M., Greek, Hebrew, Aramaic or Syriac? A Critique of the Claims of G.M. Lamsa for the Syriac Peshitta, Bibliotheca Sacra 131 (1974): 320-331.
- ↑ Yohannan, Abraham, Some Remarks Regarding the Pronunciation of Modern Syriac, Journal of the American Oriental Society 25 (1904)
- ↑ Younansardaroud, Helen (1999). „The influence of Modern Persian on the Särdä:rïd dialect“, Journal of Assyrian Academic Studies, XIII:65-68.