List of mammals of South Australia

This is a list of mammals of South Australia. It includes all mammals recorded in South Australia since European settlement, including some known only from subfossil remains, and including naturalised alien species.

Except where otherwise referenced, this list is based upon Kemper, Catherine; Reardon, Terry; Queale, Lynette (2000). "Mammals". In Robinson, A. C.; Casperson, K. D.; Hutchinson, M. N. A list of the vertebrates of South Australia. Biological Survey of South Australia..^[1]

Subclass Prototheria

Order Monotremata

Family Ornithorhynchidae

• Ornithorhynchus anatinus (platypus)

Family Tachyglossidae

• Tachyglossus aculeatus (short-beaked echidna)

Subclass Marsupialia

Order Dasyuromorphia

Family Myrmecobiidae

• Myrmecobius fasciatus (numbat) — Original South Australian populations are extinct, but the species has since been re-introduced.

Family Dasyuridae

Subfamily Dasyurinae

• Dasycercus byrnei (kowari)
• Dasycercus cristicauda (mulgara)
• Dasyurus geoffroii (western quoll) — extinct in South Australia
• Dasyurus maculatus (spotted-tailed quoll) — extinct in South Australia
• Dasyurus viverrinus (eastern quoll) — extinct in South Australia
• Pseudantechinus macdonnellensis (fat-tailed pseudantechinus)

Subfamily Phascogalinae

• Antechinus flavipes (yellow-footed antechinus)
• Antechinus minimus (swamp antechinus)
• Phascogale calura (red-tailed phascogale) — extinct in South Australia
• Phascogale tapoatafa (brush-tailed phascogale)

Subfamily Planigalinae

• Ningaui ridei (Wonai ningaui)
• Ningaui yvonneae (southern ningaui)
• Planigale gilesi (Giles' planigale)
• Planigale cf ingrami (long-tailed planigale)
• Planigale tenuirostris (narrow-nosed planigale)

Subfamily Sminthopsinae

• Antechinomys laniger (kultarr)
• Sminthopsis aitkeni (Kangaroo Island dunnart)
• Sminthopsis crassicaudata (fat-tailed dunnart)
• Sminthopsis dolichura (little long-tailed dunnart)
• Sminthopsis hirtipes (hairy-footed dunnart)
• Sminthopsis macroura (stripe-faced dunnart)
• Sminthopsis murina (common dunnart)
• Sminthopsis ooldea (Ooldea dunnart)
• Sminthopsis psammophila (sandhill dunnart)
• Sminthopsis youngsoni (lesser hairy-footed dunnart)

Order Peramelemorphia

Family †Chaeropodidae

• Chaeropus ecaudatus (pig-footed bandicoot) — extinct

Family Peramelidae

Subfamily Peramelinae

• Isoodon auratus (golden bandicoot) — extinct in South Australia
• Isoodon obesulus (southern brown bandicoot)
• Perameles bougainville (western barred bandicoot) — extinct in South Australia
• Perameles eremiana (desert bandicoot) — extinct
• Perameles gunnii (eastern barred bandicoot) — extinct in South Australia

Subfamily Thylacomyinae

• Macrotis lagotis (bilby)
• Macrotis leucura (lesser bilby) — extinct

Order Notoryctemorphia

Family Notoryctidae

• Notoryctes typhlops (marsupial mole)

Order Diprotodontia

Family Phascolarctidae

• Phascolarctos cinereus (koala) — Original South Australian populations are extinct, but the species has since been re-introduced.

Family Vombatidae

• Lasiorhinus latifrons (southern hairy-nosed wombat)
• Vombatus ursinus (common wombat)

Family Phalangeridae

• Trichosurus vulpecula (common brushtail possum)

Family Potoroidae

• Bettongia lesueur (burrowing bettong)
• Bettongia penicillata (brush-tailed bettong)
• Caloprymnus campestris (desert rat-kangaroo) — extinct
• Potorous tridactylus (long-nosed potoroo) — extinct

Family Macropodidae

• Lagorchestes hirsutus (rufous hare-wallaby) — extinct in South Australia
• Lagorchestes leporides (eastern hare-wallaby) — extinct
• Macropus eugenii (tammar wallabi)
  • Macropus eugenii eugenii — extinct in South Australia, but South Australian populations have naturalised on Kawau Island, New Zealand
  • Macropus eugenii decres
• Macropus fuliginosus (western grey kangaroo)
• Macropus giganteus (eastern grey kangaroo)
• Macropus greyi (toolache wallaby) — extinct
• Macropus robustus (euro)
• Macropus rufogriseus (red-necked wallaby)
• Macropus rufus (red kangaroo)
• Onychogalea lunata (crescent nailtail wallaby) — extinct
• Petrogale lateralis (black-footed rock-wallaby)
  • Petrogale lateralis pearsoni (Pearson Island rock-wallaby)
• Petrogale xanthopus (yellow-footed rock-wallaby)
• Thylogale billardierii (Tasmanian pademelon) — extinct in South Australia
• Wallabia bicolor (swamp wallaby)

Family Burramyidae

• Cercartetus concinnus (western pygmy-possum)
• Cercartetus lepidus (little pygmy-possum)
• Cercartetus nanus (eastern pygmy-possum)

Family Pseudocheiridae

• Pseudocheirus peregrinus (common ringtail possum)

Family Petauridae

• Petaurus australis (yellow-bellied glider)
• Petaurus breviceps (sugar glider)
• Petaurus norfolcensis (squirrel glider) — extinct in South Australia

Acrobatidae

• Acrobates pygmaeus (feathertail glider)

Subclass Eutheria

Order Chiroptera

Suborder Megachiroptera

Family Pteropodidae

• Pteropus poliocephalus (grey-headed flying-fox)
• Pteropus scapulatus (little red flying-fox)

Suborder Microchiroptera

Family Emballonuridae

• Saccolaimus flaviventris (yellow-bellied sheathtail bat)
• Taphozous hilli (sheathtail bat)

Family Megadermatidae

• Macroderma gigas (ghost bat) — extinct in South Australia

Family Molossidae

• Mormopterus spp. (southern freetail-bats) — Three forms, soon to be published as species, commonly known as inland freetail-bat (short penis form), eastern freetail-bat (long penis form) and hairy rostrum freetail-bat.
• Tadarida australis (white-striped freetail-bat)

Family Vespertilionidae

Subfamily Miniopterinae

• Minipterus schreibersii (large bentwing-bat)

Subfamily Nytophilinae

• Nyctophilus geoffroyi (lesser long-eared bat)
• Nyctophilus gouldi (Gould's long-eared bat)
• Nyctophilus timoriensis (greater long-eared bat)

Subfamily Vespertilioninae

• Chalinolobus gouldii (Gould's wattled bat)
• Chalinolobus morio (chocolate wattled bat)
• Chalinolobus picatus (little pied bat)
• Falsistrellus tasmaniensis (eastern falsistrelle)
• Myotis macropus (southern myotis)
• Scotorepens balstoni (inland broad-nosed bat)
• Scotorepens greyii (little broad-nosed bat)
• Vespadelus baverstocki (inland forest bat)
• Vespadelus darlingtoni (large forest bat)
• Vespadelus finlaysoni (Finlayson's cave bat)
• Vespadelus regulus (southern forest bat)
• Vespadelus vulturnus (little forest bat)

Order Carnivora

Family Canidae

• • Canis lupus familiaris (domestic dog) — naturalised
  • Canis lupus dingo (dingo)
• Vulpes vulpes (fox) — naturalised

Family Felidae

• Felis catus (cat) — naturalised

Family Otariidae

Subfamily Arctocephalinae

• Arctocephalus forsteri (New Zealand fur-seal)
• Arctocephalus tropicalis (subantarctic fur-seal)
• Arctocephalus pusillus (Australian fur-seal)
  • Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus

Subfamily Otariinae

• Neophoca cinerea (Australian sea-lion)

Family Phocidae

• Hydrurga leptonyx (leopard seal)
• Leptonychotes weddellii (Weddell seal)
• Lobodon carcinophaga (crab-eater seal)
• Mirounga leonina (southern elephant seal)
• Ommatophoca rossii (Ross seal)

Order Cetacea

Family Balaenidae

• Eubalaena australis (southern right whale)

Family Neobalaenidae

• Caperea marginata (pygmy right whale)

Family Balaenopteridae

• Balaenoptera acutorostrata (dwarf minke whale)
• Balaenoptera bonaerensis (Antarctic minke whale)
• Balaenoptera borealis (sei whale)
• Balaenoptera edeni (Bryde's whale)
• Balaenoptera omurai (Omura's whale)
• Balaenoptera musculus (blue whale)
• Balaenoptera physalus (fin whale)
• Megaptera novaeangliae (humpback whale)

Suborder Odontoceti

Family Delphinidae

• Delphinus delphis (common dolphin)
• Globicephala macrorhynchus (short-finned pilot whale)
• Globicephala melas (long-finned pilot whale)
• Grampus griseus (Risso's dolphin)
• Lagenorhynchus obscurus (dusky dolphin)
• Orcinus orca (killer whale)
• Pseudorca crassidens (false killer whale)
• Tursiops truncatus (common bottlenose dolphin)
• Tursiops aduncus (Indian Ocean bottlenose dolphin)

Family Phocoenidae

• Phocoena dioptrica (spectacled porpoise)

Family Physeteridae

• Physeter macrocephalus (sperm whale)

Family Kogiidae

• Kogia breviceps (pygmy sperm whale)
• Kogia sima (dwarf sperm whale)

Family Ziphiidae

• Berardius arnuxii (Arnoux's beaked whale)
• Hyperoodon planifrons (southern bottlenose whale)
• Mesoplodon bowdoini (Andrews beaked whale)
• Mesoplodon grayi (Gray's beaked whale)
• Mesoplodon hectori (Hector's beaked whale)
• Mesoplodon layardii (strap-toothed whale)
• Tasmacetus shepherdi (Shepherd's beaked whale)
• Ziphius cavirostris (Cuvier's beaked whale)

Order Perissodactyla

Family Equidae

• Equus asinus (donkey) — naturalised
• Equus caballus (horse) — naturalised

Order Artiodactyla

Family Suidae

• Sus scrofa (pig) — naturalised

Family Camelidae

• Camelus dromedarius (one-humped camel) — naturalised

Family Cervidae

• Dama dama (fallow deer) — naturalised

Family Bovidae

• Bos taurus (cattle) — naturalised
• Capra hircus (feral goat) — naturalised

Order Rodentia

Family Muridae

Subfamily Hydromyinae

• Conilurus albipes (white-footed tree-rat) — extinct in South Australia; never collected live in South Australia, but reported by John Gould in 1863, and remains have since been found in subfossil deposits.^[2]
• Hydromys chrysogaster (water-rat)
• Leggadina forresti (Forrest's mouse)
• Leporillus apicalis (lesser stick-nest rat) — extinct
• Leporillus conditor (greater stick-nest rat) — extinct on South Australian mainland; native populations remain on the Franklin Islands; naturalised on Reevesby and St Peter Islands.
• Notomys alexis (spinifex hopping-mouse)
• Notomys amplus (short-tailed hopping-mouse) – extinct; known in South Australia only from subfossil deposits
• Notomys cervinus (fawn hopping-mouse)
• Notomys fuscus (dusky hopping-mouse)
• Notomys longicaudatus (long-tailed hopping-mouse) – extinct; known in South Australia only from subfossil deposits
• Notomys mitchellii (Mitchell's hopping-mouse)
• Pseudomys apodemoides (silky mouse)
• Pseudomys australis (plains mouse)
• Pseudomys bolami (Bolam's mouse)
• Pseudomys desertor (desert mouse)
• Pseudomys fieldi (Shark Bay mouse) – extinct in South Australia; known in South Australia only from subfossil deposits, which are difficult to distinguish from those of P. gouldii.^[2]
• Pseudomys gouldii (Gould's mouse) – extinct; known in South Australia only from widespread subfossil deposits.
• Pseudomys hermannsburgensis (sandy inland mouse)
• Pseudomys shortridgei (heath rat)

Subfamily Murinae

• Mus musculus (house mouse) — naturalised
• Rattus fuscipes (bush rat)
• Rattus lutreolus (swamp rat)
• Rattus norvegicus (brown rat) — naturalised
• Rattus rattus (black rat) — naturalised
• Rattus tunneyi (pale field-rat) — extinct in South Australia
• Rattus villosissimus (long-haired rat)

Order Lagomorpha

Family Leporidae

• Lepus europaeus (brown hare) — naturalised
• Oryctolagus cuniculus (European rabbit) — naturalised

References

1. Kemper, Catherine; Reardon, Terry; Queale, Lynette (2000). "Mammals". In Robinson, A. C.; Casperson, K. D.; Hutchinson, M. N. A list of the vertebrates of South Australia. Biological Survey of South Australia.
2. Robinson, A. C.; Kemper, C. M.; Medlin, G. C.; Watts, C. H. S. (2000). "The rodents of South Australia". Wildlife Research 27 (4): 379–404. doi:10.1071/WR97044.