List of masses by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

First page of the autograph of Mozart's Great Mass in C minor

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–1791) composed several masses and separate mass movements (such as Kyrie).^[1] Mozart composed most of his masses as a church musician in Salzburg:

• Masses for regular Sundays or smaller feasts belonged to the missa brevis type. In the context of Mozart's masses brevis (short) applies primarily to the duration, i.e. the whole mass ceremony took no longer than three quarters of an hour. Instrumentation for such a missa brevis would usually be limited to violins, continuo (which included the organ), and trombones doubling the choral parts of alto, tenor and bass.^[1]
• The generic name for longer masses was missa longa, for more solemn and festive occasions. Additional instruments include oboes, trumpets, timpani, and for some of them also French horns. Instead of treating each part of the mass liturgy in a continuous rendition of the text, there are repeats, fugues, and subdivisions in several movements with separate orchestral introductions.^[1]
• Missa longa is usually synonymous with missa solemnis (solemn mass), however in Mozart's Salzburg (due to duration restrictions imposed by archbishop Colloredo), a hybrid brevis et solemnis (short and solemn) seems to have existed, short in duration, but nonetheless for the more festive occasions, for example including a more elaborate orchestration than the usual missa brevis.^[1]

After moving to Vienna Mozart started to compose the Great Mass in C minor, with a broad orchestration including violas and 12 wind instruments. In 1791, he started writing a Requiem mass, which was unfinished when he died and was first completed by his pupil Franz Xaver Süssmayr.

Most nicknames of the masses were later additions. The attribution to Mozart has been disputed for several masses, most of these spurious works first published by Vincent Novello from 1819.

Masses and separate parts of the Mass Ordinary

Bärenreiter NMA	Breitkopf & Härtel AMA	Novello's edition	Missa brevis No.[2]	Year of composition	Köchel catalogue	Type[1]	Key	Alternative name(s)	Place of composition and notes
Vol. 1/1 No. 1[3]	Serie I No. 1[4]	--	1	1768	K. 49 (47d)	brevis	G major		Vienna[1]
Vol. 1/1 No. 2[3]	Serie I No. 4[5]	--		1768	K. 139 (47a)	solemnis (longa)	C minor	Waisenhausmesse Orphanage Mass	Vienna[1]
Vol. 1/1 No. 3[3]	Serie I No. 2[6]	--	2	1769	K. 65 (61a)	brevis	D minor		Salzburg
Vol. 1/1 No. 4[3]	Serie I No. 3[7]	--		1769	K. 66	solemnis (longa)	C major	(Pater) Dominicus (Father) Dominicus	Salzburg
Vol. 1/1 No. 5[3]	--	--	6	1773	K. 140 (235d, Anh. C1.12)	brevis	G major	Pastoralmesse Pastoral Mass[8]	attribution uncertain
Vol. 1/2 No. 6[9]	Serie I No. 5[10]	--		1773	K. 167	solemnis (longa)	C major	Missa in honorem Sanctissimae Trinitatis Mass in honour of the Most Holy Trinity Trinitatismesse	Salzburg
Vol. 1/2 No. 7[9]	Serie I No. 6[11]	No. 3[12]	3	1774	K. 192 (186f)	brevis	F major	Kleine Credo Messe Little Credo Mass	Salzburg
Vol. 1/2 No. 8[9]	Serie I No. 7[13]	No. 6[14]	4	1774	K. 194 (186h)	brevis	D major		Salzburg
Vol. 1/2 No. 9[9]	Serie I No. 8[15]	No. 5[16]	5	1775–1776	K. 220 (196b)	brevis et solemnis	C major	Spatzenmesse Sparrow Mass	Salzburg
Vol. 1/2 No. 10[9]	Serie I No. 12[17]	--		1776	K. 262 (246a)	longa	C major	Longa	Salzburg
Vol. 1/3 No. 11[18]	Serie I No. 9[19]	No. 2[20]		1776	K. 257	brevis and/or solemnis, longa	C major	Credo Große Credo-Messe Great Credo Mass	Salzburg
Vol. 1/3 No. 12[18]	Serie I No. 10[21]	No. 4[22]	7	1775	K. 258	brevis (et solemnis)	C major	Piccolomini or Spaur Mass (Both nicknames are a bit misleading. [23])	Salzburg "Spaur" nickname de facto incorrect[24]
Vol. 1/3 No. 13[18]	Serie I No. 11[25]	No. 11[26]	8	1775 or 1776	K. 259	brevis (et solemnis)	C major	Orgelsolo Organ solo	Salzburg
Vol. 1/4 No. 14[27]	Serie I No. 13[28]	No. 10[29]	9	1777	K. 275 (272b)	brevis	B-flat major		Salzburg
Vol. 1/4 No. 15[27]	Serie I No. 14[30]	No. 1[31]		1779	K. 317	brevis (or: longa)	C major	Krönungsmesse Coronation Mass	Salzburg "shortest longa"[1]
Vol. 1/4 No. 16[27]	Serie I No. 15[32]	No. 14[33]		1780	K. 337	solemnis (and/or brevis)	C major	Missa Solemnis Hof-Messe[1] Missa Aulica[34]	Salzburg
Vol. 1/5[35]	Serie XXIV No. 29[36]	--		1782–1783	K. 427 (417a)	solemnis	C minor	Große Messe Great Mass	Vienna and Salzburg incomplete
Vol. 1/6 No. 1[37]	Serie III No. 1[37]			1766	K. 33	Kyrie	F major		Paris[2][1]
Vol. 1/6 No. 2[38]	Serie III No. 2[38]			1772	K. 89 (73k)	Kyrie	G major		contrapuntal study[1]
Vol. 1/6 No. 3[38]	--			1772	K. 90	Kyrie	D minor		contrapuntal study[1]
Vol. 1/6 No. 4[39]	--			1772	K. 223 (166e)	Hosanna	G major		contrapuntal study[1]
Vol. 1/6 No. 7[40]	Serie III No. 3[40]				K. 322 (296a/b/Anh. 12)	Kyrie	E-flat major		fragment, completed by Maximilian Stadler
Vol. 1/6 No. 9[41]	Serie III No. 4[41]				K. 323 (Anh. 13)	Kyrie	C major		fragment, completed by Maximilian Stadler
Vol. 1/6 No. 13[42]	Serie III No. 5[42]			1780–1781? 1788?	K. 341 (368a)	Kyrie	D minor		Munich[2] or Vienna?[1] large orchestra[1]
Vol. 2/1[43]	Serie XXIV No. 1[44]	No. 15[45]		1791	K. 626	Requiem	D minor		Vienna most often published with the completions by Süssmayr
	Serie XXIV No. 33	--		1771 (?)	K. 116 (90a)	brevis	F major		only the Kyrie is complete[46] reattributed to Leopold Mozart[1][47]
	Serie XXIV No. 28	--		1771 (?)	K. 115 (166d)	brevis	C major		incomplete[48] reattributed to Leopold Mozart[1][49]
--	--	No. 12[50]		around 1800?	K. Anh. 232 (Anh. C1.04)		G major	Twelfth Mass[51]	attributed to Pichl in one source, Wenzel Müller in others[52][53]
--	--	No. 7[54]			K. Anh. 233		B-flat major		attributed to Süssmayr by Mozart's widow[53]
--	--	No. 8[54]			K. Anh. 234 (Anh. C1.08)		C major		attributed to Franz Gleißner[53]
--	--	No. 9[54]			K. Anh. 235 (Anh. C1.09)		G major		attributed to Franz Gleißner[53]
--	--	No. 13[55]			K. Anh. 186		E-flat major		spurious[53]
--	--	No. 16[55]			K. Anh. 186		E-flat major		spurious[53]
--	--	No. 17[55]			K. Anh. 185		C major		spurious[53]
--	--	No. 18[54]			K. Anh. 237	Requiem brevis	D major	short Requiem	not by Mozart[53]

References

1. Cliff Eisen, Simon P. Keefe (eds.) The Cambridge Mozart Encyclopedia. Cambridge University Press, 2005. ISBN 978-0-511-13767-9. ISBN 0-511-13767-2. ISBN 978-0-521-85659-1. ISBN 0-521-85659-0. pp. 271–280
2. David Humphreys. "Sacred Music" in The Mozart Compendium: A Guide to Mozart's Life and Music, H. C. Robbins Landon (ed.). New York: Schirmer; London: Thames and Hudson. 1990. pp. 312–314.
3. Walter Senn, |NMA I/1/Abt. 1/1: Masses vol. 1, Kritischer bericht (1977) p. a/1
4. Walter Senn, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/1: Masses vol. 1, Kritischer Bericht (1977) p. a/5
5. Walter Senn, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/1: Masses vol. 1, Kritischer Bericht (1977) p. a/13
6. Walter Senn, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/1: Masses vol. 1, Kritischer Bericht (1977) p. a/58
7. Walter Senn, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/1: Masses vol. 1, Kritischer Bericht (1977) p. a/69
8. VDKC concert calendar
9. Walter Senn, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/2: Masses vol. 2, Kritischer Bericht (1978) p. b/1
10. Walter Senn, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/2: Masses vol. 2, Kritischer Bericht (1978) p. b/5
11. Walter Senn, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/2: Masses vol. 2, Kritischer Bericht (1978) p. b/18
12. Köchel 1862, p. 177-179
13. Walter Senn, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/2: Masses vol. 2, Kritischer Bericht (1978) p. b/30
14. Köchel 1862, pp. 180–181
15. Walter Senn, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/2: Masses vol. 2, Kritischer Bericht (1978) p. b/38
16. Köchel 1862, p. 204-205
17. Walter Senn, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/2: Masses vol. 2, Kritischer Bericht (1978) p. b/53
18. Walter Senn, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/3: Masses vol. 3, Kritischer Bericht (1981) p. c/1
19. Walter Senn, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/3: Masses vol. 3, Kritischer Bericht (1981) p. c/5
20. Köchel 1862, pp. 225–226
21. Walter Senn, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/3: Masses vol. 3, Kritischer Bericht (1981) p. c/26
22. Köchel 1862, pp. 226–227
23. (German) Hildegard Herrmann-Schneider: "Rätsel der internationalen Mozart-Forschung gelöst" (June 2007)
24. (German) Hildegard Herrmann-Schneider: "Rätsel der internationalen Mozart-Forschung gelöst" (June 2007)
25. Walter Senn, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/3: Masses vol. 3, Kritischer Bericht (1981) p. c/44
26. Köchel 1862, pp. 228–229
27. Monika Holl, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/4: Masses vol. 4, Kritischer Bericht (1999) p. d/1
28. Monika Holl, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/4: Masses vol. 4, Kritischer Bericht (1999) p. d/5
29. Köchel 1862, pp. 237–238
30. Monika Holl, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/4: Masses vol. 4, Kritischer Bericht (1999) p. d/25
31. Köchel 1862, pp. 263–264
32. Monika Holl, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/4: Masses vol. 4, Kritischer Bericht (1999) p. d/45
33. Köchel 1862, pp. 276–277
34. David Ian Black. Mozart and the Practice of Sacred Music, 1781-91 (Ph. D. thesis). Harvard University, 2007. p. 239
35. Monika Holl, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/5: Masses vol. 5, Kritischer Bericht (1992) p. e/1
36. Monika Holl, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/5: Masses vol. 5, Kritischer Bericht (1992) p. e/5
37. Monika Holl, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/6: Masses vol. 6, Kritischer Bericht (2000) p. f/5
38. Monika Holl, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/6: Masses vol. 6, Kritischer Bericht (2000) p. f/8
39. Monika Holl, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/6: Masses vol. 6, Kritischer Bericht (2000) p. f/10
40. Monika Holl, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/6: Masses vol. 6, Kritischer Bericht (2000) p. f/17
41. Monika Holl, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/6: Masses vol. 6, Kritischer Bericht (2000) p. f/23
42. Monika Holl, NMA I/1/Abt. 1/6: Masses vol. 6, Kritischer Bericht (2000) p. f/32
43. Dietrich Berke, Walburga Litschauer and Christoph Wolff, NMA I/1/Abt. 2/1: Requiem, Kritischer Bericht (2007) p. 3
44. Dietrich Berke, Walburga Litschauer and Christoph Wolff, NMA I/1/Abt. 2/1: Requiem, Kritischer Bericht (2007) p. 15
45. Köchel 1862, pp. 491–494
46. Köchel 1862, p. 118
47. Kyrie (attributed to Leopold Mozart): Scores at the International Music Score Library Project
48. Köchel 1862, p. 117-118
49. Willi Schulze (ed.) Missa brevis C-Dur, KV 115, für Chor SATB und Orgel. Stuttgart: Carus, 1983.
50. Köchel 1862, p. 521
51. Mark Everist. ″“Mozart's” “Twelfth Mass”: Case Closed?" in Mozart's Ghosts: Haunting the Halls of Musical Culture. Oxford University Press, 2012. ISBN 978-0-19-538917-3 pp. 129–156
52. Mass in G major (attributed to Wenzel Müller): Scores at the International Music Score Library Project
53. George Grove, A Dictionary of Music and Musicians, Vol. 3 (1907), pp. 313–314
54. Köchel 1862, p. 522
55. Köchel 1862, p. 516

Sources

• Mozart's Masses with an Accompaniment for the Organ, arranged from the full score by Vincent Novello. London: Gallaway, 1819-1824
• The Three Favorite Masses, Composed by Mozart, Haydn, and Beethoven, in Vocal Score, with an Accompaniment for the Organ or Pianoforte, by Vincent Novello. London: Novello, 1850.
• (German) Ludwig Ritter von Köchel. Chronologisch-Thematisches Verzeichniss sämmtlicher Tonwerke Wolfgang Amade Mozarts. Breitkopf & Härtel: Leipzig, 1862.

External links

• Köchel's Catalog of Mozart's Works
• Neue Mozart-Ausgabe website
• New Mozart Edition on-line (Masses are in "Serie I: Geistliche Gesangswerke")