List of musical instruments by Hornbostel-Sachs number: 32

This is a list of instruments by Hornbostel-Sachs number, covering those instruments that are classified under 32 under that system. This category includes all string instruments in which the resonator cannot be removed without resulting in the destruction of the instrument, labelled as composite chordophones.

3: Instruments in which sound is produced by one or more vibrating strings (chordophones, string instruments).

32: Instruments in which the resonator and string bearer are physically united and can not be separated without destroying the instrument

321: Instruments in which the strings run in a plane parallel to the sound table (lutes)

322: Instrument whose strings are at right angles to the sound table, such that a line between the lower tips of the strings would point at the neck (harps)

322.1: Instrument without a pillar (open harps)

322.11: Instrument has a neck that curves away from the resonator (arched harp)

322.12: Instrument has a neck that sharply angles away from the resonator (angular harps)

322.2: Instrument has a pillar (frame harps)

323: Instrument has strings that lay at right angles to the sound table, so that a line joining the lower tips of the strings would be perpendicular to the neck, and the instrument has a notched bridge.

These instruments may be classified with a suffix, based on how the strings are caused to vibrate.

• 4: Hammers or beaters
• 5: Bare hands and fingers
• 6: Plectrum
• 7: Bowing
  • 71: Using a bow
  • 72: Using a wheel
  • 73: Using a ribbon
• 8: Keyboard
• 9: Using a mechanical drive

List

321. Lutes

• Lute
• Cello
• Double Bass
• Fiddle
• Vertical viola (and other members of the violin octet family)
• Viol or viola da gamba
• Viola
• Viola d'amore
• Violin
• Balalaika
• Bandura
• Banjo
• Guitars:
  • Bass guitar
  • Classical guitar
  • Electric guitar
  • Slide guitar
  • Steel guitar
• Hardanger fiddle
• Kobza
• Lyre
• Mandolin
• Nyckelharpa
• Sitar
• Torban
• Ukulele

322. Harps

• Harp

323. Harp lutes

• Kora

Undefined

• Chapman Stick
• Đàn nguyệt
• Đàn tỳ bà
• Geomungo/komungo
• Hurdy-gurdy
• Khim
• Kutiyapi/kutyapi/kutiapi
• Sarangi
• Shamisen/samisen/sangen
• Vielle
• Washtub bass
• Xalam (or khalam)

References

• von Hornbostel, Erich M.; Curt Sachs (March 1961). "Classification of Musical Instruments: Translated from the Original German by Anthony Baines and Klaus P. Wachsmann". The Galpin Society Journal 14: 3–29. doi:10.2307/842168. JSTOR 842168.

Hornbostel–Sachs system
1. Idiophone (list)	11. Struck 111. Directly 111.1. Concussion 111.2. Percussion 112. Indirectly 112.1. Shaken/rattle 112.2. Scraped 12. Plucked 121. Frame 121.1. Clack 121.2. Guimbarde 122. Comb 122.1. Lace 122.2. Cut out 13. Friction 131. Stick Nail violin 132. Plaque Musical saw 133. Vessel Glass harmonica 14. Blown 141. Stick 142. Plaque
2. Membran- ophone (list)	21. Struck 211. Directly 211.1. Bowl 211.2. Tubular 211.3. Frame 212. Shaken 22. Plucked Nyatiti 23. Friction 231. Stick 232. Cord 233. Hand 24. Kazoo 241. Free 242. Tube/vessel
3. Chordophone (list)	31. Simple / zither 311. Bar/stick Musical bow Stick zither 312. Tube Whole Half 313. Raft Idiochord Heterochord 314. Board 315. Trough 316. Frame 32. Composite 321. Lute 321.1. Bow 321.2. Yoke 322. Harp 322.1. Open 322.2. Frame 323. Harp lute
4. Aerophone (list)	41. Free 411. Displacement Whip 412. Interruptive 412.1. Idiophonic/reed 412.2. Non-idiophonic 413. Plosive 42. Non-free 421. Flute 421.1. Non-fipple 421.2. Fipple 422. Reed 422.1. Double reed 422.2. Single reed 422.3. Reedpipe 423. Brass 423.1 Natural 423.2 Chromatic
5. Electrophone (list)	51. Action 52. Amplification 53. Radioelectric
List of musical instruments by Hornbostel-Sachs number Musical instrument classification