List of ethnic enclaves in North American cities

Ethnic enclaves in North American cities

New York City is home to the largest overseas Chinese population of any city proper in the Western Hemisphere, with over half million. Multiple large Chinatowns in Manhattan, Brooklyn (above), and Queens are thriving as traditionally urban ethnic enclaves, as large-scale Chinese immigration continues into New York,[1][2][3][4] with the largest metropolitan Chinese population outside of Asia.[5]

Broad Avenue, Koreatown (팰리세이즈 파크 코리아타운) in Palisades Park, Bergen County, New Jersey, USA,^[6] where Koreans comprise the majority (52%) of the population.^[7]

India Square in Jersey City, New Jersey, USA, is one of at least 24 Indian American enclaves characterized as a Little India which have emerged within the New York City Metropolitan Area, with the largest metropolitan Indian population outside Asia, as large-scale immigration from India continues into New York.^[1][2][3][8]

This is a list of ethnic enclaves in various countries of different ethnic and cultural backgrounds to the native population. An ethnic enclave in this context denotes an area primarily populated by a population with similar ethnic or racial background. This list also includes historic examples which may no longer be an ethnic enclave.

List by world region and national origin

African and African American

• Africville, Halifax, Nova Scotia (historic site, cleared and razed in 1964-1969)
• Aliquippa, Pennsylvania.
• Anacostia, Washington, DC.
• Arrowwood, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
• Avondale, Cincinnati, Ohio.
• Banbury Oaks, Pasadena, California.
• Bayview, San Francisco, California.
• Baldwin Hills, California (now the only Black majority section in Los Angeles area).
• Black Bottom, Detroit, Michigan (historic).
• Bedford Stuyvesant, New York City (largest Black neighborhood in the U.S.).
• Black Bottom, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (historic).
• Bricktown, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
• Brockton, Massachusetts (Cape Verdean).
• Lower Bottoms, Oakland, California (gentrifying).
• Bronzeville, Chicago, Illinois.
• Camden, New Jersey
• Camelot, Chesapeake, Virginia.
• Cavalier Manor, Portsmouth, Virginia.
• Central District, Seattle, Washington.
• Compton, California.
• Carson, California.
• Congress Heights, Washington, DC.
• Desert Highland-Gateway, Palm Springs, California
• Dorchester, Boston, Massachusetts
• East Saint Louis, Illinois
• East Flatbush, New York City (West Indian).
• Eastside Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
• Eatonville, Florida (historic).
• Fifth Ward, Houston, Texas.
• Fillmore District, San Francisco, California (historic).
• Five Points, Denver, Colorado - "Harlem of the West".
• Foggy Bottom, Washington, D.C. (historic, now gentrifying).
• Fox Point, Providence, Rhode Island (historically Cape Verdean, now gentrifying).
• Gary, Indiana
• Greenwood, Tulsa, Oklahoma - the "Black Wall Street".
• Harlem, New York City - "The Capital of Black America".
• The Hill District, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
• Homewood (Pittsburgh), Pittsburgh Pennsylvania.
• Hunters Point, San Francisco, California (gentrifying).
• Huntersville, Norfolk, Virginia
• Hyde Park, Los Angeles, California - about two-thirds Black/African-American.
• Hyde Park, Massachusetts.
• Inglewood, California.
• Hawthorne, California.
• Jackson Ward, Richmond, Virginia.
• Jane and Finch, Toronto, Ontario.
• King-Lincoln-Bronzeville, Columbus, Ohio.
• Lake View Terrace, California.
• Langston, Oklahoma, United States (historic).
• Lathrop, California, United States
• Leimert Park, Los Angeles, California.
• Lincoln Heights, Ohio.
• Lower Ninth Ward, New Orleans, Louisiana (gentrifying)
• Manteca, California
• Mattapan, Boston, Massachusetts (West Indian American and 74% black, blackest neighborhood in Boston).
• Near North, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
• Muir Heights, Pasadena, California.
• Northeast and Southeast Washington, D.C..
• Near North Side (Omaha, Nebraska).
• Near West Side, Chicago, Illinois.
• Newtown, Palatka, Florida.
• North End, Hartford, Connecticut.
• North End, Toledo, Ohio.
• North Hollywood, California.
• Ocean View, San Francisco, California.
• Over-the-Rhine, Cincinnati, Ohio
• Overtown, Miami, Florida (historic).
• Pacoima, California.
• Parchester Village, Richmond, California.
• Park Place, Norfolk, Virginia
• Parrish Street, or Hayti, Durham, North Carolina (historic).
• Pawtucket, Rhode Island (Cape Verdean)
• Prince George's County, Maryland - about 60% Black/African-American.
• Reseda, California.
• Rexdale, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
• Riverside, California and San Bernardino, California (certain sections).
• Roxbury, Massachusetts, Boston, Massachusetts.
• Southeast San Diego, San Diego, California.
• Shaw, Washington, D.C..
• Sobrante Park, Oakland, California.
• South Wilmington Street, Raleigh, North Carolina (historic).
• South Dallas, Dallas, Texas.
• South Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
• South Side, Chicago (historically known as the "Black Belt").
• St. Albans, Queens, New York
• Stockton, California
• Sunnyside, Houston, Texas.
• Sweet Auburn, Atlanta, Georgia.
• Titustown, Norfolk, Virginia
• Toronto, Ontario has multiple Afro-Canadian sections.
• Van Nuys, California.
• Weston, Ontario, a neighbourhood in Toronto.
• Little Ghana, Toronto, unofficially in the Jane and Lawrence neighbourhood.
• Watts, Los Angeles, California and South Central Los Angeles, but the percentage declined since the 1990s as the community became majority Hispanic/Latino.
• Weeksville, New York City (historic).
• Western Addition, San Francisco, California (gentrifying).
• West side, Chicago.
• West Adams, Los Angeles - affluent African-American community, known as the "black silver Lake".
• West Anaheim, Anaheim, California. (small population)
• West Indio, Indio, California (limited).
• Moreno Valley, California.
• Preston, Nova Scotia, Canada (91% Afro-Canadian, the largest percentage in any Canadian community).

Horn of Africa

• Cedar-Riverside, Minneapolis, Minnesota (Somali, Ethiopian)
• Kennedy Park, Lewiston, Maine (Somali)
• Little Ethiopia, Los Angeles, California (Ethiopian, Eritrean)
• Temescal, Oakland, California (Ethiopian, Eritrean)
• City Heights, San Diego, California (Somali)
• High Point, Seattle, Washington (Somali)
• Rexdale, Toronto, Ontario (Somali)
• Adams Morgan, Brightwood, Columbia Heights, Washington, D.C. (Ethiopian, Eritrean)
• Westerville, Ohio (Somali)

Asia (East, South and Southeast)

• Asia District, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States.
• Convoy Street (Kearny Mesa, San Diego, California, USA)
• Eastlake District, Oakland, California.
• Golden Village, Richmond, British Columbia, Canada.
• Few San Fernando Valley neighborhoods.
• International District, Seattle, Washington, United States.
• Steeles Avenue East, Toronto
• Mission San Jose District, Fremont, California.
• Victoria Avenue, CDN, Montreal, Quebec.
• Naperville, Illinois
• San Gabriel and Covina Valleys near Los Angeles.
• Cerritos, California near Long Beach.
• Irvine, California in Orange County.
• English Hills Richmond, Virginia

Cambodia

• Bayou La Batre, Alabama
• Cambodia Town, Long Beach, California, United States.
• Lowell, Massachusetts.
• Stockton, California.
• White Center, Washington.

Manhattan's Chinatown, home to the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere,^{[9][10][11][12][13]} is the oldest of at least 9 Chinatowns in the New York City Metropolitan Area.

China

Chinatown, San Francisco

Toronto's downtown Chinatown

• Barrio Chino, Mexico City.
• Chinatown, Mexicali, Baja California.
• Chinatown, Boston, Massachusetts.
• Chinatown, Brooklyn, New York City.
• Chinatown, Calgary, Alberta.
• Chinatown, Chicago, Illinois.
• Chinatown, Detroit, Michigan (historic).
• Chinatown, Edmonton, Alberta.
• Chinatown, Flushing, New York City.
• Chinatown, Honolulu, Hawaii
• Chinatown, Houston, Texas
• Chinatown, Las Vegas, Nevada
• Chinatown, Lethbridge, Alberta.
• Locke, California (historic) - entire community.
• Chinatown, Los Angeles, California - includes nearby sections which Chinatown now claims.
• Chinatown, Manhattan, New York City.
• Chinatown, Montreal, Quebec.
• Chinatown, New Orleans, Louisiana (historic).
• Chinatown, Oakland, California.
• Chinatown, Ottawa, Ontario.
• Chinatown, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
• Chinatown, Portland, Oregon.
• Golden Village Richmond, British Columbia.
• Chinatown, San Diego, California (historic; now known as the Asian Pacific Thematic Historic District).
• Chinatown, San Francisco, California - expanded into North Beach, San Francisco.
• Chinatown, San Gabriel Valley (including Hacienda Heights-Rowland Heights, CA
• Chinatown, Seattle, Washington.
• Chinatown, Toronto, Ontario.
• Chinatown, Vancouver, British Columbia.
• Chinatown, Victoria, British Columbia.
• Chinatown, Washington, D.C..
• Chinatown, Windsor, Ontario.
• Chinatown, Winnipeg, Manitoba.
• Brossard, Quebec (has the largest Chinese population in Quebec)^[14]
• Clement Street, San Francisco, California.
• Parkside, San Francisco, California.
• Markham, Ontario
• Sunset District, San Francisco, California.
• Richmond District, San Francisco, California.
• Richmond, British Columbia
• Quincy, Massachusetts.

Hmong

• The Fox Cities, Wisconsin.
• Frogtown, Saint Paul, Minnesota. also known as "Little Mekong"
• Fresno, California.
• Wausau, Wisconsin (Has the largest Hmong population per capita in the United States)

India

• Gerrard India Bazaar, Toronto, Ontario.
• Brampton, Ontario.
• New Delhi Drive, Markham, Ontario
• Thistletown, Toronto, Ontario - The intersection of Islington Avenue and Albion Road.
• Malton, Mississauga, Ontario.
• Little India, Vancouver, British Columbia (Sikh).
• Victoria Avenue, Regina, Saskatchewan
• Little India/Pakistan, Artesia, California (Hindu, Muslim, Sikh).
• Little India, University Avenue, Berkeley, California.
• Little India, Chicago, Illinois.
• Little India, Oak Tree Road, Iselin, New Jersey.
• Little India, Newark Avenue, Jersey City, New Jersey.
• Little India, Hicksville, New York (Long Island).
• Little India, Jackson Heights, Queens, New York City.
• Little India, Vancouver, British Columbia
• Little India, Chatham Street, Cary (suburban Raleigh), North Carolina.
• Little India, Bensalem Township, Pennsylvania.
• Little India, Millbourne, Pennsylvania (highest percentage of Indians in the United States).
• Mahatma Gandhi District, Houston, Texas.
• South Lake, Pasadena, California.
• Covina and nearby West Covina, California.
• Little India, Park Extension, Montreal, Quebec.
• Indian Ethnic Enclave, Burlington, Massachusetts
• Surrey, British Columbia
• Dorchester Ave. , Dorchester, Boston, MA

Bangladesh

• Little Bangladesh, Los Angeles, California
• Jackson Heights, Queens, New York
• Bangla Town, Crescent Town, Toronto

Sri Lanka

• Little Sri Lanka, Tompkinsville, Staten Island, New York City
• Malvern, Scarborough, Toronto (Toronto is home to the largest Tamil-speaking population outside South Asia).^[15][16][17]
• Covina, California with a Sri Lankan community center in West Covina, California.

Japan

• Gardena, California
• Japantown, San Francisco, California.
• Japantown, San Jose, California.
• Japantown, Vancouver, British Columbia (aka Little Ginza).
• Burnaby, British Columbia
• Port Coquitlam, British Columbia
• Richmond, British Columbia
• Steveston, British Columbia (historic).
• Calgary, Alberta
• Lethbridge, Alberta
• International District, Seattle, Washington
• Portland, Oregon ^[18]
• Sakura Square, Denver, Colorado
• Salt Lake City, Utah
• Cleveland, Ohio
• Dublin, Ohio
• Markham, Ontario
• Richmond Hill, Ontario
• Toronto, Ontario
• Porter Square, Cambridge, Massachusetts
• Little Tokyo, Los Angeles, California.
• Sawtelle, Los Angeles, California.
• Lomita, California and nearby Torrance, California.
• Costa Mesa, California

Korea

• Annandale, Virginia
• Gardena, California
• Koreatown, Toronto, Ontario.
• Koreatown, North York, Ontario.
• Koreatown, Atlanta, Georgia.
• Koreatown, Bergen County, New Jersey.
• Koreatown, Boston, Massachusetts.
• North Rd. Koreatown, Burquitlam, British Columbia (Unofficial)
• Koreatown, Chicago, Illinois.
• Koreatown, Dallas, Texas.
• Koreatown, Denver, Colorado.
• Flushing, Queens, New York (Korean businesses concentrated at Union Street between 35th and 41st Avenues)
• Koreatown, Fort Lee, New Jersey.
• Koreatown, Houston, Texas.
• Koreatown, Long Island, New York.
• Koreatown, Los Angeles, California.
• Koreatown, Manhattan, New York.
• Koreatown, Miami, Florida.
• Koreatown, Oakland, California.
• Koreatown, Palisades Park, New Jersey.
• Koreatown, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
• Koreatown, Washington, District of Columbia.
• Little Seoul, Garden Grove, California.
• Little Seoul, Newport News, Virginia.^[19]
• Pequeño Seúl, Zona Rosa, Mexico City.
• Torrance, California.

Laos

• Bayou La Batre, Alabama
• City Heights, San Diego, California
• San Antonio, Oakland, California
• Seattle Chinatown-International District

Pakistan

Pakistani and other South Asian shops in Gerrard Street, Toronto

• Artesia, California.
• Little Pakistan, Coney Island Avenue, Brooklyn, New York.
• Little Pakistan, Gerrard Street, Toronto, Ontario.

Philippines

• Historic Filipinotown, Los Angeles, California.
• Little Manila, Carson, California.
• Little Manila, Stockton, California.
• Little Manila, Virginia Beach, Virginia.
• Little Manila, Queens, New York.
• Little Manila, Jersey City, New Jersey.
• Panorama City, California.
• Van Nuys, California.

Taiwan

• Little Taipei, Monterey Park, California.
• Hacienda Heights, California.

Thailand

• Thai Town, Los Angeles, California.

Vietnam

Little Saigon, Orange County, California

• Little Saigon Midtown and Little China, both in Houston, Texas.
• Fields Corner, Dorchester, Boston, Massachusetts
• Dallas, Texas.
• Little Saigon, Denver, Colorado.
• Little Saigon, Westminster, California.
• Little Saigon, San Diego, California.
• Little Saigon, San Francisco, California.
• Little Saigon, San Jose, California.
• Seven Corners, Virginia/Washington D.C.
• Village de L'Est, New Orleans, Louisiana.
• West Argyle Street Historic District, Chicago, Illinois.
• Portland, Oregon.
• Asian District, Oklahoma City.
• Colonial-Town, Orlando, Florida.
• Bayou La Batre, Alabama.
• Biloxi, Mississippi.
• D'Iberville, Mississippi.
• Rosemead, California.
• Little Saigon, Seattle, Washington.

Europe

Albania

• South Boston, Boston, Massachusetts.
• Pelham Parkway (neighborhood), Bronx, New York City, New York.
• Astoria, Queens, New York City, New York.

Armenia

• Glendale, California.
• Little Armenia, Los Angeles, California.
• East Washington Village, Pasadena, California.
• Little Armenia, Watertown, Massachusetts.
• Old Armenian Town, Fresno, California.
• Little Armenia, Dudemaine Street, Montreal.
• Phoenix, Arizona - Armenians are a sizable ethnic component.
• Las Vegas, Nevada - Large Armenian population.

Belgium

• Manchester, New Hampshire - Historic. A mixed-area with a notable Flemish speaking (and Québécois and German) population centered on St. Raphael's Church in the Granite Square - Piscataquog River area.

Croatia

• Strawberry Hill (Kansas City, Kansas)
• Croatian Place, Kansas City, Missouri
• Dutchtown, St. Louis (also Bosnian)
• Potrero Hill, San Francisco (known as "Slovenian Hill", also Slovene and Serb)
• San Pedro, Los Angeles
• Utica, New York

Czech Republic

• Little Bohemia (Omaha, Nebraska).
• Moravia, Texas.
• Praha, Texas.
• Praha, North Dakota
• Schulenburg, Texas
• Slavic Village, Cleveland, Ohio.
• Veseley, North Dakota.
• Pilsen, Chicago, Illinois (Czech when named, but Hispanic in late 20th century, multi-cultural in early 21st century and is experiencing gentrification).

Denmark

• Greenville, Michigan
• Elk Horn, Iowa
• Kimballton, Iowa
• Solvang, California
• Tyler, Minnesota

Eastern European Jewish

• Little Odessa, Brighton Beach, Brooklyn, New York City.

Finland

• Stanton Township, Michigan ^[20]

France or Franco-American

• French Quarter, New Orleans
• Frenchville, Clearfield County, Pennsylvania.
• Belden Place, San Francisco.
• Miami-Dade County, Florida.
• Mobile, Alabama.
• Old Mines, Missouri.

Germany

• Anaheim, California
• Amana Colonies, Iowa.
• Amish Country, Pennsylvania.
• Berlin, North Dakota.
• Boerne, Texas.
• Danzig, North Dakota.
• Deutschtown, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
• Dutchtown, St. Louis, Missouri (historic).
• East Berlin, Pennsylvania.
• Frankenmuth, Michigan.
• Fredericksburg, Texas.
• Freistadt, Missouri.
• Germantown, Connecticut.
• Germantown Hills, Illinois.
• Germantown, Illinois.
• Germantown, Decatur County, Indiana.
• Germantown, Indiana (historic).
• Germantown, Iowa.
• Germantown, Kentucky.
• Germantown, Louisville & Schnitzelburg, Louisville, Kentucky.
• Germantown, Anne Arundel County, Maryland.
• Germantown, Baltimore County, Maryland.
• Germantown, Montgomery County, Maryland.
• Germantown, Worcester County, Maryland.
• Germantown, Quincy, Massachusetts.
• Germantown, Henry County, Missouri.
• Germantown, Minnesota.
• Germantown, North Dakota.
• Germantown (CDP), New York.
• Germantown, Allegany County, New York.
• Germantown, Orange County, New York.
• Germantown (town), New York.
• Germantown, North Carolina.
• Germantown, Ohio.
• Germantown, Washington County, Ohio.
• Germantown, Adams County, Pennsylvania.
• Germantown, Cambria County, Pennsylvania.
• Germantown, Columbia County, Pennsylvania.
• Germantown, Franklin County, Pennsylvania.
• Germantown, Pike County, Pennsylvania.
• Germantown, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
• Germantown, South Carolina.
• Germantown, Cheatham County, Tennessee.
• Germantown, Davidson County, Tennessee.
• Germantown, Shelby County, Tennessee.
• Germantown, Virginia.
• Germantown, Juneau County, Wisconsin.
• Germantown, Washington County, Wisconsin.
• Germantown, Wisconsin.
• German Village, Columbus, Ohio.
• Germany, Pennsylvania.
• Hanover, Kansas
• Hermann, Missouri.
• Old World Village, Huntington Beach, California
• Little Germany, New York (historic; ceased to exist after the General Slocum disaster of 1904).
• Leavenworth, Washington
• Kitchener, Ontario (formerly Berlin).
• Lincoln Square, Chicago.
• Muenster, Texas.
• New Braunfels, Texas.
• New Leipzig, North Dakota.
• New Ulm, Minnesota.
• New Vienna, Iowa.
• Over-the-Rhine, Cincinnati, Ohio.
• Quakertown, Pennsylvania.
• Schulenburg, Texas.
• Schertz, Texas.
• Serbin, Texas (Sorbian immigrants).
• St. Jacobs, Ontario.
• Kief, North Dakota.
• Karlsruhe, North Dakota.
• Kulm, North Dakota.
• Strasburg, North Dakota.
• Hamburg, North Dakota.
• Dresden, North Dakota.
• Osnabrock, North Dakota.
• Lehr, North Dakota.
• Enderlin, North Dakota.
• Oberon, North Dakota.
• Pryor Creek, Oklahoma.
• Unity, Maine (Amish).

Greece

• Astoria, Queens, New York
• Greektown, Baltimore, Maryland
• Greektown, Chicago, Illinois
• Greektown, Denver
• Greektown, Detroit, Michigan
• Greektown, Montreal, Canada
• Greektown, Tarpon Springs, Florida
• Greektown, Toronto, Canada
• Greektown, Vancouver, Canada
• Greek Town, Omaha, Nebraska (historic)

Iceland

• Spanish Fork, Utah
• Washington Island, Wisconsin
• Gimli, Manitoba, Canada

Ireland

• Charlestown, Boston, Massachusetts
• Corktown, Detroit, Michigan.
• Corktown, Hamilton, Ontario.
• Corktown, Toronto, Ontario.
• The Creek, Portsmouth, New Hampshire.
• East Cambridge, Massachusetts.
• Irish Channel, New Orleans, Louisiana.
• Irish Hill, Louisville, Kentucky.
• Munjoy Hill, Portland, Maine.
• South Boston, Massachusetts
• Woodlawn, Bronx, New York.

Italy

• Chipilo, Puebla.
• Nueva Italia, Michoacán.
• Zentla, Veracruz
• Lombardía (Michoacán), Michoacán.
• Bloomfield (Pittsburgh), Pennsylvania
• Città Italiana (Saint Leonard), Montreal, Quebec.
• Corso Italia, Toronto, Ontario.
• Federal Hill, Providence, Rhode Island.
• Heart of Italy, Chicago, Illinois.
• The Hill, St. Louis, Missouri
• Italian Market, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
• Italian Village , Columbus, Ohio.
• Little Italy, Baltimore, Maryland.
• Little Italy, Chicago, Illinois.
• Little Italy (Murray Hill), Cleveland, Ohio.
• Little Italy, Los Angeles, California (historic; now Chinatown).
• Little Italy, Manhattan, New York City.
• Little Italy, Montreal, Quebec.
• Little Italy, Preston Street, Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario.
• Little Italy of the Bronx, New York City.
• Little Italy, Omaha, Nebraska (historic).
• Little Italy, Paterson, New Jersey.
• Little Italy, San Diego, California.
• Little Italy, Syracuse, New York.
• Little Italy, Toronto, Ontario (historic; now more Portuguese than Italian).
• Little Italy, Vancouver, British Columbia.
• "Little Tuscany", Palm Springs, California.
• North Beach, San Francisco, California.
• North End, Boston, Massachusetts.
• North End, Portsmouth, New Hampshire
• Via Italia, Montreal.
• Via Italia, Windsor, Ontario
• Via Italia, San Pedro, California.

Jewish (of many nationalities)

• Lower East Side, Manhattan, New York City (historic)
• Little Haifa or New Preston St., Dutchmans Lane, Almara ct. & Vivian ave, Southeast of Highlands neighborhood, Louisville, Kentucky, (Louisville's only majority Jewish neighborhood and the pulse of Louisville's Jewish community)
• Riverdale, Bronx, New York City

Louisiana Creole/Cajun/Louisiana People

• Chicago, Illinois.
• Los Angeles, California.
• "Frenchtown" Houston, TX.

Lithuania

• Lithuania Plaza, Chicago.
• "Lithuanian Village", Cleveland.

Malta

• The Junction, Toronto, Ontario. Little Malta is in the western part of this Toronto neighbourhood.
• San Pedro, Los Angeles

Netherlands

• Pella, Iowa.
• Orange City, Iowa.
• Holland, Michigan.
• Zeeland, Michigan.
• Nederland, Texas
• Lynden, Washington.

Poland

• Dorchester, Massachusetts
• South Boston, Massachusetts
• Milwaukee Avenue, Chicago.
• Cheektowaga, New York.
• Little Poland, Greenpoint, Brooklyn, New York.
• Poletown, Detroit, Michigan.
• Northeast Minneapolis, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
• Polish Hill, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
• Slavic Village, Cleveland, Ohio.
• Warsaw, North Dakota.
• Port Richmond, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
• Roncesvalles Village, Toronto, Ontario
• Newmarket, New Hampshire.

Portugal

• Little Brazil, Manhattan, New York (Inhabited by many Portuguese-speaking countries' communities, mainly Portuguese and Brazilian).
• Little Portugal, Montreal, Quebec.
• Little Portugal, Newark, New Jersey (Ironbound section).
• Portugal Village, Toronto, Ontario.
• Little Portugal, San Jose, California.
• Point Loma, San Diego, California.
• Fox Point, Providence, Rhode Island
• East Cambridge, Massachusetts
• Fall River, Massachusetts.
• New Bedford, Massachusetts.
• Provincetown, Massachusetts.
• Gloucester, Massachusetts.
• Cambridge, Ontario.

Romania

• Romanian Village, Cleveland, Ohio (large communities of Romanians, Bulgarians, Hungarians, Poles, Lithuanians and Greeks).

Russia

• Brighton Beach, Brooklyn, New York City, a.k.a. "Little Odessa" and "Odessa-by-the-Sea".
• Little Moscow, Miami, Florida.
• Little Moscow in Los Feliz, Los Angeles, California.
• Russian Village in Arvada, Colorado. Allendale neighborhood.
• Little Russia, San Francisco. The Russian Hill neighborhood of San Francisco does not contain significant Russian presence.
• Little Moscow, Toronto, Ontario - between Wilson Avenue and Finch Avenue on Bathurst Street. There is also a large Jewish population in the area.
• Berlin, New Hampshire.
• Lynnwood, Washington.
• Petite Russie, Côte Saint Luc, Quebec - in-island suburb of Montreal with significant concentration of Russian-speaking population which built up third largest linguistic community after English and French
• West Hollywood, California.

Scandinavia

• Sveadal near Morgan Hill, California (entirely Swedish-American community).
• Swede Hollow, Saint Paul, Minnesota (historic Swedish).
• Lindsborg, Kansas (Swedish).
• Kingsburg, California (Swedish).
• Danetown/South End, Council Bluffs, Iowa (Danish-historic).
• Solvang, California (Danish).
• Little Finland, Thunder Bay, Ontario.
• Little Scandinavia, San Francisco, California (historic; now the Castro District).
• Ballard, Seattle, Washington (historic).
• West End, Winnipeg (historic).
• Gimli, Manitoba (Icelandic).
• Sointula, British Columbia (historic).
• Maine Swedish Colony, Aroostook County, Maine.
• Benson, Minnesota (Norweigian)
• Starbuck, Minnesota (Norweigian)

Serbia

• Biddeford, Maine

Slovenia

• St. Vitus Village, Cleveland (Slovenian).

Spain

• Bakersfield, California.
• Basque Block, Boise, Idaho.
• Camarillo, California.
• Little Spain, Manhattan
• Miami, Florida.
• Santa Fe, New Mexico.
• Tampa, Florida

Sweden

• Andersonville, Chicago, Illinois.

Switzerland

• New Glarus, Wisconsin.
• Helvetia, West Virginia.

Ukraine

• Little Ukraine, Cleveland (Parma).
• Little Ukraine, Manhattan, New York (Ukrainian).
• Ukrainian Village, Chicago.
• Bloor West Village, Toronto, Ontario
• Eringate – Centennial – West Deane, Toronto, Ontario
• Humber Heights - Westmount, Toronto, Ontario
• West Hollywood, California. (llimited)

United Kingdom

• Grass Valley, California. Cornwall
• Victoria, British Columbia
• Kelowna, British Columbia
• West Vancouver, British Columbia
• Westmount, Montreal, Quebec

(Scotland)

• Payson, Utah.

(Wales)

• Grass Valley, California.
• Jackson County, Ohio.
• Malad City, Idaho.
• North Wales, Pennsylvania.
• Welch, West Virginia

Middle East and Central Asia

• Arabian Village, Detroit and Dearborn, Michigan.
• Assyrian District, northern Chicago, Illinois.
• Bay Ridge, Brooklyn, a lot of Yemeni people.
• Bell, California, small population of (Lebanese).
• Beverly Hills, California, large number of Iranian/Persian Jews.
• Calabasas, California sizable number of Iranians/Persians
• Chaldean Town, Detroit, Michigan (Chaldeans).
• Dover, New Hampshire (Lebanese)
• Lawndale, California, very small population of (Afghans).
• Encino, California, moderate population of (Iranians).
• Little Arabia (Anaheim, California)
• Little Syria, Manhattan Centered on St. George Melkite & St.Joseph Maronite Churches around Washington St. south of Fulton St. Between the Brooklyn-Battery Tunnel and 1960s World Trade Center Projects, little physical evidence remains of the community.
• Little Arabia, Albany Park, Chicago, Illinois.
• Little Egypt, Astoria, Queens consists of a lot Moroccan and Egyptian people.
• Little Gaza, in West Anaheim, Anaheim. a.k.a. "West Bank of Anaheim" named for the West Bank of Palestine.
• Little Kabul, Fremont, California (the largest Afghan population in the United States in 2001).
• Little Persia, Los Angeles, California, in Westwood, Los Angeles, California (Iranian) also known as "Tehrangeles" partially named for Tehran, Iran.
• South Paterson/Little Ramallah, Paterson, New Jersey and Clifton, New Jersey.
• Little Tel Aviv, Miami, Florida.
• Little Maghreb, Montreal, Quebec.
• Little Palestine, Bridgeview, Illinois.
• Richmond Hill, Ontario. Large population of Iranians/Persians.
• Historic Old Town, Indio, California (historic, the nickname was "Arab Street", now Hispanized by Latinos).
• Tarzana, California. Large population of Iranians/Persians.
• Westlake Village, California. Moderately sizable population of Iranians/Persians.
• Woodland Hills, California. Major number of Iranians/Persians.
• Gallup, New Mexico - a community of 1,000 Arab Americans, 600-800 thought to be Palestinians.

Latin America and Caribbean

• Adams Morgan, Washington, D.C. (Central American Hispanic, Bolivian, Peruvian and Ecuadorian).
• Arlandria, Alexandria, Virginia/Washington D.C. (Central American Hispanic, Bolivian, Peruvian and Ecuadorian).
• Aurora, Illinois (Large Hispanic population).
• Blue Hills, Connecticut (23.9% Jamaican, highest Jamaican population in the US).^[21]
• "Canada Latina" or "Latin American Area" - Jane St and Wilson Ave, Jane St and Sheppard Ave. West, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Central and South American, and others- mainly Salvadoran, Ecuadoreans, Mexicans and Peruvians).
• Central Falls, Rhode Island (at 2010 census 60.3% Hispanic, mostly Colombian and Central American).
• "Chilecito" or "Little Santiago", North Beach, San Francisco - Largest Chilean American community.
• Coachella, California (predominantly Hispanic community, town is over 40% Mexican descent and the rest Central American).
• Culver City, California - appearance of a sizable Brazilian community in the 2000s.
• Dorchester, Boston, Massachusetts (Haitian and Jamaican).
• Eglinton West (also known as Little Jamaica), Toronto, Ontario.
• Fairhill, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
• Guadalupe, Arizona (heavily Mexican community).
• Hamilton Heights, Manhattan, New York (mostly Dominican and African American).
• Indio, California (large Mexican and Central American population).
• Jackson Heights, Queens, New York
• Langley Park, Maryland (at 2000 Census was 63% Hispanic, primarily Central American).
• Lansdale, Pennsylvania (10-15% Latino).
• Little Haiti, Miami, Florida (Haitian).
• Long Beach, California (Latinos are the city's plural majority).
• Los Angeles city and metro area.
  • East Los Angeles, California (predominantly Latino: Mexican-49%, the rest Central American).
• Melrose Park, FL (Jamaican).
• Montréal-Nord, Montréal, Quebec (Multi-racial, sizable Latin American community).
• Norco, California (Spanish, Portuguese, and Latin American community).
• Orange County, California (30-40% Latino).
• Pico-Union, Los Angeles, California (many immigrants from El Salvador, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Honduras and Ecuador).
• San Mateo County, California - Chileans, Mexican-Americans and other Latins.
• San Ysidro, San Diego, California (mainly Mexican).
• Mission District, San Francisco, California (mainly Mexican but also significant presence of Central Americans).
• Souderton, Pennsylvania (recent wave of Mexican and Latin American immigration).
• Sterling, Illinois (17-20% Latino).
• Tortilla Flat - Monterey, California (Mexican and Spanish-American, though has less Hispanic residence today).
• East Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma (Mexican-Americans and Latin American immigrants).
• West Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma (Largely Mexican and other Hispanic/Latino neighborhood).
• Windsor, Ontario - Recent Mexican immigration to the city, now has the highest percentage of Hispanic Canadians per city.

Central/South America

• Armenia Gardens Estates, Tampa, Florida (Colombian)
• Chicago, Illinois (largest Hispanic city outside the Southwest US - being Los Angeles).
• Dallas, Texas - mainly the Southside and Westside.
• Doralzuela, Greater Miami, Florida (Venezuelan)
• Framingham, Massachusetts (Brazilian).
• Gary, Indiana (where Latinos are second largest ethnicity after African-Americans).
• Gulfton, Houston, Texas (Salvadorean).
• Houston, Texas - the South Park section.
• Inglewood, California (Latin American immigration due to the nearby LAX airport).
• Katyzuela, Greater Houston, Texas (Venezuelan)
• Little Brazil Street, Manhattan, New York City (Brazilian).
• Little Lima, Paterson, New Jersey (Peruvian).
• Little Managua, Miami, Florida (Nicaraguan).
• Little Santiago which is near Little Italy of North Beach, San Francisco, California (Chilean, but no longer the main ethnic group there, nor are Italians).
• Long Beach, California (many Central and South Americans, as well Mexicans and Spaniards).
• Mar Vista, Los Angeles, California and nearby Palms, Los Angeles, California A small sizeable population of (Brazilians).
• Miami-Dade County, Florida
• Hyde Park, Los Angeles, California (Belizean).
• Oakland, California (Central and South American communities across the city).
• Olive Heights, Pasadena, California (Guatemalan).
• Orlando, Florida (high numbers of Central and South Americans, also has the largest Puerto Rican population, surpassed New York City in that category).
• Pico-Union, Los Angeles, California (Salvadorean).
• San Jose, California (large Mexican, Central and South American presence).
• Somerville, Massachusetts (Brazilian).
• South Los Angeles (Latinos now outnumber African-Americans in the area 3 to 1).
• Tampa, Florida (Many Central-South Americans, also largest Cuban community, surpassed Miami).
• Toronto, Ontario, Canada (huge Central-South American and Caribbean presence).
• Upper Fells Point, Baltimore (largely of Central American and Mexican origin but other groups are present)
• Washington, DC and Northern Virginia (it is thought to have the largest Central and South American communities in the USA, especially Salvadoran, Honduran, Guatemalan and Bolivian).
• Wheaton, Maryland (Washington suburb with notable Salvadoran, Honduran, Bolivia and Peruvian communities).
• Weston, Florida (Large Venezuelan presence).

Mexico

• Elden St, Herndon, Virginia.
• Atwater Village, Los Angeles, California.
• Boyle Heights, Los Angeles, California.
• Capital Hill District, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
• West Dallas, Dallas, Texas.
• East Denver, Denver, Colorado.
• East Los Angeles, California, historic urban Mexican-American enclave (see Chicano).
• Federal Boulevard, Denver, Colorado.
• Fresno, California - and Fresno County, California.
• Fruitvale, Oakland, California.
• Harbor Gateway, Los Angeles, California.
• Lake Street, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
• Lancaster, California (Primarily in East Lancaster).
• Las Vegas, Nevada.
• Lincoln Heights, Los Angeles, California.
• Logan Heights, San Diego, California (also known for Chicano Park).
• Magnolia Park, Houston, Texas.
• Mexicantown, Detroit, Michigan.
• Mission District, San Francisco, California (gentrifying).
• Mount Washington, Los Angeles, California.
• Norwalk, California.
• Nuevo, California; Perris, California and Romoland, California (large Mexican percentage).
• Olvera Street, Los Angeles, California (formerly known as Sonora Town, birthplace of Los Angeles).
• Orange, California (El Modena section).
• Palmdale, California (Primarily in East Palmdale).
• Palm Springs, California and nearby Cathedral City, California.
• Phoenix, Arizona and surrounding communities.
• Pico District, Santa Monica.
• Pilsen, Chicago, Illinois.
• Port Richmond, Staten Island, New York.
• Riverside, California and San Bernardino, California.
• Santa Ana, California (70-75% Latino, also has Central Americans).
• Second Ward, Houston, Texas.
• Siler City (suburban Raleigh-Durham), North Carolina.
• Silvis, Illinois (home to the Hero Street memorial of 8 Mexican-American WWII soldiers).
• South Side, Waco, Texas.
• Little Village, Chicago, Illinois.
• South Los Angeles.
• Spanish Harlem, Manhattan, New York.
• Sunset Park, Brooklyn, New York.
• Tulare County, California - esp. Tulare and Visalia.
• Upper Fells Point, Baltimore (Especially from Puebla; also has Central Americans).
• Van Nuys, Los Angeles, California.
• Ventura County, California - i.e. Oxnard, California.
• Victorville, California.
• West Los Angeles mainly made up of a population from the Mexican state of Oaxaca.
• Westside, St. Paul, Minnesota (Mexican).
• Westside, San Antonio, Texas.
• Yuma, Arizona.

West Indies and Caribbean

• Athens, Los Angeles, California (Belizean).
• Austin, Texas (rapid growing Caribbean and other Latin American population).
• Baldwin Park, California (Cuban and Puerto Rican).
• Bellflower, California (small number of Caribbean residents).
• Boston, Massachusetts (esp. Dominicans and Jamaicans).
• Camden, New Jersey (Puerto Rican)
• Coconut Grove, Miami, Florida) (Jamaicans, Bahamas and Barbados).
• Downey, California; La Puente, California and Pico Rivera, California - largest Cuban and Puerto Rican communities in California.
• East Pasadena, California (Cuban).
• El Monte, California (Puerto Rican).
• Haverstraw (village), New York (Dominican).
• Hazleton, Pennsylvania (Cuban, Puerto Rican and other Latins).
• Holyoke, Massachusetts (Puerto Rican).
• Hunting Park, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (Puerto Rican, Dominican and increasingly from Central and South America).
• Hyde Park, Los Angeles, California (Belizean).
• Inwood, Manhattan, New York (Dominican).
• Lancaster, California-Palmdale, California (Puerto Rican and Cuban).
• Lancaster, Pennsylvania (Puerto Rican).
• Lawrence, Massachusetts (Dominican).
• Little Haiti, Miami, Florida (Haitian).
• Little Havana, Miami, Florida, (Beginning at Calle Ocho, Cuban).
• Little Jamaica, Toronto, Ontario
• Loisaida, on the Lower East Side of Manhattan, New York (Hispanic in late 20th century)
• Mattapan, Boston, Massachusetts (Haitian).
• Newark, New Jersey (Spanish, Puerto Rican and later Caribbean, Central and South American).
• Little Havana on the Hudson, North Hudson, New Jersey (Highest Cuban Population outside of Florida).
• Oshkosh, Wisconsin (Cuban and Puerto Rican).
• Paseo Boricua, Humboldt Park, Chicago, Illinois, Historic Urban (Puerto Rican) enclave.
• Palm Desert, California (3-5% each are Cuban and Puerto Rican).
• Reading, Pennsylvania (Puerto Rican).
• The Triangle, North Carolina (Cuban)^[22]
• Sleepy Hollow, New York (many Caribbean, Central and South American residents).
• South Providence, Providence, Rhode Island (Dominican).
• Spanish Harlem, Manhattan, New York (Puerto Rican) /(Mexican).
• Springfield, Massachusetts (Many Puerto Ricans in the city).
• Temple City, California (Cuban).
• Vermont Square, Los Angeles, California (Belizean).
• Washington Heights, Manhattan, New York (Dominican).
• Westchester, Florida (65.69% Cuban, highest Cuban population in the US)^[23]
• Weston, Ontario - a neighbourhood in Toronto
• West Tampa, (Cuban)
• Ybor City, Tampa, Florida (Cuban and Jamaican, but has some Dominicans and Puerto Ricans, and historically had many Spaniards, Portuguese, Italians and Greeks)
• York, Pennsylvania (Puerto Rican).
• Williamburg, Bronx, NY (80% Jamaican, and other Caribbean islands)
• Flatbush, Crown Heights, Flat Lands, Canarsie, Brooklyn, NY (the largest Caribbean population in the northeast coast)
• Harlem (West side) (Edgecomb, Amsterdam, St. Nick), NY (small Caribbean community, mostly Jamaican)
• Bridgeport, Connecticut (west, east, and south mix with Spanish, and Caribbean population)

Others

Americans (US)

Ethnic enclaves: Ajijic and the Lake Chapala region, Mexico; Los Cabos, Baja California; Puerto Vallarta; Cancun; Tijuana, and many others. (see Americans in Mexico)

Australia

• Little Australias are spread all over the United States and Canada
• California: Los Angeles; San Francisco; Cerritos; Long Beach; Oceanside; Fairfield-Vallejo and Torrance.
• Washington state: Seattle and Tacoma, Washington.
• New York City

Canada

Anglophones

Seasonal residents known as "Snowbirds" are in Florida, the Carolinas, Gulf Coast of the United States, South Texas, Arizona, Las Vegas, Nevada and Southern California.

French Canadians

• Little Canadas are spread all over the United States, founded almost entirely of French Canadians (from Quebec), with English Canadians tending to assimilate immediately on arrival. Many historic "French" communities in the United States (especially outside the Louisiana area) actually have roots in the Quebec diaspora rather than in France. See:
  • Frog Hollow, Hartford, Connecticut (French-speaking when named, but African-American and Hispanic in late 20th century).
  • Little Canada, Minnesota (founded by French Canadian Americans).
  • Manchester, New Hampshire - The West-side (Ste. Marie, Sacré-Coeur, St. Jean Baptiste, and St. Edmund parishes) and the inner East-side (St. Georges, St. Antoine, St. Augustin, and Ste. Therese parishes).
  • Nashua, New Hampshire.
  • Berlin, New Hampshire.
  • Dover, New Hampshire.
  • Somersworth, New Hampshire.
  • Rochester, New Hampshire.
  • Newmarket, New Hampshire.
  • Lewiston, Maine.
  • Auburn, Maine.
  • Biddeford, Maine.
  • Saco, Maine.
  • Old Orchard Beach, Maine.
  • Sanford, Maine.
  • Augusta, Maine.
  • Bangor, Maine.
  • Portland, Maine.
  • Aroostook County, Maine.
  • Somerset County, Maine.
  • Franklin County, Maine.
  • Lowell, Massachusetts.
  • Lawrence, Massachusetts.
  • Haverhill, Massachusetts.
  • Methuen, Massachusetts.
  • Fall River, Massachusetts.
  • Holyoke, Massachusetts.
  • Quebec South in Hollywood, Florida (seasonal migration and retirement community by French-Canadians since the 1980s).
  • Warwick, Rhode Island.
  • Woonsocket, Rhode Island - thought to be the largest Quebec or French-Canadian community in the US.

Native Americans

• Urban Indians, communities developed by small enclaves of Native Americans/First Nations and Alaskan Natives since the 1930s. They tend to form small percentages of the urban areas' population. Virtually every major city in the US has an American Indian community.
  The highest concentration of Urban Indians is believed to be in Anchorage, Alaska where over 10 percent of the population identify themselves in the census as having some Native ancestry, with 7.3 percent identifying that as their only ancestry.
  Some moderate-sized cities and suburbs lie adjacent to Indian Reservations, examples being Asheville, North Carolina; Miami, Florida; Green Bay, Wisconsin; Rapid City, South Dakota; Billings, Montana; Tacoma, Washington; Sedona, Arizona; and Palm Springs, California. A mostly non-Indian community of Salamanca, New York within the Allegany Indian Reservation located in Upstate New York.
  • Albuquerque, New Mexico - 8th largest.
  • Bakersfield, California and Fresno, California areas - Dust bowl era (1930's) displacement of Cherokee and Comanche tribes in the agricultural industry.
  • Boston, Massachusetts - Close to several local Pequot Indian tribal casinos in the New England States.
  • Chicago and Gary, Indiana areas - may be 5th largest tied with Tulsa.
  • Cleveland, Ohio - In the Westside or Cuyahoga sections.
  • Dallas, Texas and the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex - could be 9th or 10th largest.
  • Denver, Colorado - Over 10,000 American Indians live in the city of Denver.
  • Detroit, Michigan - Due to the Bureau of Indian Affairs relocation program in the 1960s.
  • Hartford, Connecticut - home to 3 nearby large tribal gaming casino establishments- Foxwoods and Mohegan Sun.
  • Houston, Texas - home to the Cherokee Society of America, an organization of the Texas Cherokees.
  • Kansas City, Missouri - There are Navajo, Apache and Sioux communities in the Kansas City metro area.
  • Los Angeles - Now thought to have the largest Native American population of any US city - esp. of Cherokee descent.
  • Milwaukee, Wisconsin - Has an urban Indian school and intertribal cultural center in downtown Milwaukee.
  • Minneapolis, Minnesota - Birthplace of the American Indian Movement, a political organization in the 1960s.
  • New York City - Second largest. In the early 20th century, Mohawks were hired in skyscraper construction projects. The Mohawks originate in Upstate New York primarily in the Albany area.
  • Oklahoma City - Fourth largest.
  • Omaha, Nebraska - Many Lakota (Sioux) and Navajo people live in the city, NA population could exceed 10,000.
  • Philadelphia, Pennsylvania - In the Lenapehoking section of West Philadelphia and "Little Oklahoma" section in Northeast Philadelphia.
  • Pembroke, North Carolina - Lumbee tribe
  • Phoenix, Arizona - Sixth largest facing the Gila River Indian Reservation and Salt River Indian Reservations.
  • Sacramento, California - 50 miles west is the Degandineh Quetzalcoatl University, an American Indian private college.
  • San Diego, California - Also the US Armed Forces employment of many American Indians.
  • San Francisco and San Francisco Bay area - 9th largest, mainly in Oakland.
  • Seattle - Named for Chief Seattle of the indigenous Snohomish tribe.
  • Spokane, Washington - 10th largest, has the Spokane Indian Reservation by the city.
  • Tucson, Arizona - 7th largest.
  • Tulsa, Oklahoma - Fifth largest.
  • Washington, DC - Third largest.
  • Yakima, Washington - In its metro area, has several tribes and the Yakima Indian Reservation.
  • North End, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada - Large aboriginal population

Pacific Islanders

• Hawaii (see Native Hawaiians).
• California: Los Angeles; San Francisco (Bayview-Hunters Point, Sunnydale); Cerritos; Long Beach; Oceanside; Fairfield-Vallejo and Torrance.
• Washington state: Seattle and Tacoma, Washington.
• Alaska, Oregon, Nevada, Utah and Idaho.
• Kansas City Metropolitan area.
• Springdale, Arkansas (sizable Marshallese community)

See also Samoans and Guamanians.

See also

• Block Settlement, in Canada, a rural equivalent to an urban ethnic neighborhood.
• Gay village, an urban enclave centered on sexual orientation rather than ethnicity. Examples are the Castro District, San Francisco; Greenwich Village in New York City, South Beach in Miami, Florida; Le Village in Montreal, Canada ; the Gayborhood, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; the South End, Boston; Silver Lake, Los Angeles; West Adams, Los Angeles (a.k.a the 'Black' West Hollywood); West Hollywood, California; Long Beach, California; Laguna Beach, California and Palm Springs, California.
• La Habra, California - A sizable Transsexual and Transgendered community.
• Mormon Corridor - Areas and communities settled by a large background of Mormons practicing the faith of Mormonism in the late half of the 19th century, esp. in the state of Utah where Mormons are the majority of the state's population (about 70-75%) and dispersed throughout the Western United States.
• Retirement community, based on age (senior citizens over 55 years old) rather than ethnicity; found especially in Florida, the U.S. Gulf Coast and Arizona.
• Paterson, New Jersey, largest community of disabled persons in the US around disabilities (may be 20-25 percent of the city's population) rather than ethnicity.
• Snow Creek Village, California - A community of 40 Little People, or adults of miniature size established their own housing tract fit for their size, near Palm Springs, California.
• New York City ethnic enclaves.
• Demographics of California.
• Demographics of Los Angeles.
• Multiculturalism.

References

1. "Yearbook of Immigration Statistics: 2013 Supplemental Table 2". U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Retrieved 2014-07-06.
2. "Yearbook of Immigration Statistics: 2012 Supplemental Table 2". U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Retrieved 2014-04-05.
3. "Yearbook of Immigration Statistics: 2011 Supplemental Table 2". U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Retrieved 2014-04-05.
4. John Marzulli (May 9, 2011). "Malaysian man smuggled illegal Chinese immigrants into Brooklyn using Queen Mary 2: authorities". New York: © Copyright 2012 NY Daily News.com. Retrieved 2014-04-05.
5. "Chinese New Year 2012 in Flushing". QueensBuzz.com. January 25, 2012. Retrieved 2014-04-05.
6. Asian Americans: Contemporary Trends and Issues Second Edition, Edited by Pyong Gap Min. Pine Forge Press – An Imprint of Sage Publications, Inc. 2006. Retrieved 2012-11-15.
7. KAREN SUDOL AND DAVE SHEINGOLD (October 12, 2011). "Korean language ballots coming to Bergen County". © 2012 North Jersey Media Group. Retrieved 2012-11-15.
8. "Yearbook of Immigration Statistics: 2010 Supplemental Table 2". U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Retrieved 2013-05-26.
9. "Chinatown New York City Fact Sheet" (PDF). www.explorechinatown.com. Retrieved 2011-12-19.
10. "Chinatown". Indo New York. Retrieved 2011-12-19.
11. Sarah Waxman. "The History of New York's Chinatown". Mediabridge Infosystems, Inc. Retrieved 2011-12-15.
12. David M. Reimers. Still the golden door: the Third ... – Google Books. Books.google.com. Retrieved 2011-12-15.
13. Lawrence A. McGlinn, Department of Geography SUNY-New Paltz. "BEYOND CHINATOWN: DUAL IMMIGRATION AND THE CHINESE POPULATION OF METROPOLITAN NEW YORK CITY, 2000, Page 4" (PDF). Middle States Geographer, 2002, 35: 110-119, Journal of the Middle States Division of the Association of American Geographers. Retrieved 2012-12-11.
14. http://www.urbanphoto.net/blog/2007/12/01/chinatown-is-changing/
15. Foster, Carly (2007). "Tamils: Population in Canada". Ryerson University. Retrieved 25 June 2008. According to government figures, there are about 200,000 Tamils in Canada
16. http://heritagetoronto.org/new-beginnings-tamil-heritage-in-toronto/
17. http://tamilculture.com/the-tamil-community-in-canada-a-brief-overview/
18. http://www.oregonencyclopedia.org/articles/japantown_portland_nihonmachi_/#.VZLKves-Bz9
19. http://hamptonroads.com/2009/11/little-seoul-warwick-boulevard
20. http://www.epodunk.com/ancestry/Finnish.html
21. "Jamaican Ancestry Maps". ePodunk. Retrieved April 20, 2015.
22. http://www.indyweek.com/indyweek/raleighs-cuban-community-their-stories-their-views-on-obamas-new-diplomacy/Content?oid=1215911
23. "Cuban Ancestry Maps". ePodunk. Retrieved April 20, 2015.

External links

• Asian-Nation: Asian American Ethnic Communities & Enclaves
• Little Italys around the World
• Ethnic Enclaves in the Urbanism of America
• The New Ethnic Enclaves in America’s Suburbs (pdf)
• Diversity and Community: Ethnic Enclaves and Segregation