List of software forks
- This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.
This is a list of notable software forks.
A timeline chart of how Linux distributions forked. The three largest trees are (from top) Debian, SLS and Red Hat.
Undated
- The many varieties of proprietary Unix in the 1980s and 1990s — almost all derived from AT&T Unix under licence and all called "Unix", but increasingly mutually incompatible. See UNIX wars.
- Most Linux distributions are descended from other distributions, most being traceable back to Debian, Red Hat or Softlanding Linux System (see image right). Since most of the content of a distribution is free and open source software, ideas and software interchange freely as is useful to the individual distribution. Merges (e.g., United Linux or Mandriva) are rare.
- Pretty Good Privacy was forked outside of the United States to free it from restrictive US laws on the exportation of cryptographic software.
- The game NetHack has spawned a number of variants using the original code, notably Slash'EM (1997), and was itself a fork (1987) of Hack.
- Openswan and strongSwan, from the discontinued FreeS/WAN.
1985
- POSTGRES (later PostgreSQL), after Ingres branched off as a proprietary project.
1990
- Microsoft SQL Server, from Sybase SQL Server, via a technology-sharing agreement concerning the Tabular Data Stream protocol.
- SWLPC, from LPMud.
1991
1993
1995
- Apache HTTP Server, from the moribund NCSA HTTPd.
- OpenBSD was a fork of NetBSD 1.0 by Theo de Raadt due to internal developer personality clashes.
1997
- EGCS was a fork of GCC, later blessed as the official version.
1998
- Grace, from Xmgr, after that project ceased development.
1999
- FilmGIMP, later called CinePaint, from GIMP, to handle 48-bit colour.
- OSSH from SSH, when that project was proprietised.[1]
- OpenSSH, from OSSH.[1]
- Sodipodi, from Gill.
- Steel Bank Common Lisp, from CMU Common Lisp.
2000
- TrueCrypt, from E4M when the latter was discontinued.
- Tux Racer went proprietary in 2000, leading to several forks including OpenRacer, PlanetPenguin Racer and Extreme Tux Racer.
2001
- ELinks began as an experimental fork of Links.
- Fluxbox, from Blackbox.
- GNU Radio, from pSpectra.
- Xvid was a fork of OpenDivX.
- WebKit project was started within Apple by Don Melton on 25 June 2001 as a fork of KHTML.
2002
- Beep Media Player, from XMMS, to port the program to GTK+ 2.
- GForge, from SourceForge.
- GraphicsMagick, from ImageMagick due to concerns over the openness of development.
- The Matroska container format, from the Multimedia Container Format, due to differences in direction.
- MirOS BSD, from OpenBSD.
- Syllable Desktop, from the stagnant AtheOS.
2003
- aMule, from xMule, which itself forked from lMule shortly before, over developer disagreements.
- b2evolution, from b2/CafeLog.
- DragonFly BSD, from FreeBSD 4.8 by long-time FreeBSD developer Matt Dillon, due to disagreement over FreeBSD 5's technical direction.
- Epiphany, from Galeon, after developer disagreements about Galeon's growing complexity.
- Inkscape (vector-graphics program), from Sodipodi.
- NeoOffice is a fork of OpenOffice.org, with an incompatible license (GPL rather than LGPL), due to disagreements about licensing and about the best method to port OpenOffice.org to Mac OS X.
- The Safari renderer that became WebKit, from KHTML.
- sK1, from Skencil when the latter moved from Tk to GTK+.
- WordPress, from b2/CafeLog.
- Zen Cart, from osCommerce.
2004
- Baz, the previous version of Bazaar, from GNU arch.
- Dokeos, from Claroline.
- FrostWire, from LimeWire after LimeWire's developers considered adding RIAA-sponsored blocking code.
- MediaPortal, from XBMC.
- vTiger CRM, from SugarCRM.
- WineX (later Cedega) was a proprietary fork of Wine.
- XOrg, from XFree86, in order to adopt a more open development model and due to concerns over the latter's change to a license many distributors found unacceptable.
2005
- Audacious, from Beep Media Player to continue work on the old version of that project.
- Joomla, from Mambo due to concerns over project structure.
- RavenNuke, from PHP-Nuke after the latter was proprietised.
- Claws Mail, from Sylpheed, due to perceived slowness in accepting enhancements.
2006
- Adempiere is a community maintained fork of Compiere 2.5.3b, due to disagreement with commercial and technical direction of Compiere Inc.
- Cdrkit, from Cdrtools due to perceived licensing issues.[2][3][4]
- LedgerSMB, from SQL-Ledger, due to disagreements over handling of security issues.
- MindTouch is a fork of MediaWiki.
- Mulgara, from Kowari after trademark threats from Northrop Grumman.
2007
- Batavi, from osCommerce, due to that project's slow release schedule.
- Go-oo, from OpenOffice.org, due to that project's contributor licensing agreement.
2008
- Boxee, a proprietary fork of XBMC.
- Dreamwidth, from LiveJournal by ex-LiveJournal developers.
- Drizzle was intended as a slimmed-down and faster fork of MySQL.
- MiaCMS, from Mambo.
- Plex, a proprietary fork of XBMC.
2009
- dbndns, from djbdns after the latter was released into the public domain and abandoned.
- Freeplane, from FreeMind.
- FusionForge, from GForge when GForge shifted focus to its proprietary version.
- Icinga, from Nagios, due to perceived slow development and problems dealing with Nagios LLC.[5]
- kompoZer, from Nvu after that project went dormant.
- MariaDB from MySQL, over concern as to Sun Microsystems' plans for the latter.
- Pale Moon from Firefox.
- Qt Extended Improved, from Qtopia after the latter was discontinued by Qt Software.
- SciPlore MindMapping, from FreeMind.
- Voddler is a proprietary fork of XBMC and FFmpeg.
2010
- Peppermint Linux OS from Lubuntu, due to a perceived need for a cloud-centric derivative of the Ubuntu OS.
- Chamilo, from Dokeos, due to community management concerns with that project.
- LibreOffice from OpenOffice.org (and merging Go-oo), due to Oracle Corporation's perceived neglect of the software.
- OpenIndiana, from OpenSolaris after Oracle Corporation discontinued the latter.
- Illumos, from the OpenSolaris kernel OS/Net, after Oracle closed down public access to the source code.
- webtrees, from PhpGedView, due to SourceForge's policy on exporting encryption.
- Xonotic, from Nexuiz, after that project was taken proprietary.
- Mageia, from Mandriva Linux, due to financial uncertainty and the layoff by Edge-IT, a Mandriva subsidiary employing many of the corporate staff working on the Mandriva distribution
- OpenAM, from OpenSSO after Oracle Corporation discontinued the latter.
- Calligra from KOffice after developer disagreements.
2011
- 9front from Plan 9 from Bell Labs, a community fork to accept changes not accepted for the base system.
- Fire OS, a fork of Android for the Kindle Fire
- Jenkins from Hudson (2011), due to Oracle Corporation's perceived neglect of the project's infrastructure and disagreements over use of the name on non-Oracle-maintained infrastructure.
- Univa Grid Engine, from Oracle Grid Engine, after Oracle Corporation stopped releasing project source.
- Mer started as a fork of MeeGo.
2013
2014
- LibreSSL from OpenSSL.
- Nokia X software platform, a fork of the Android Open Source Project developed by Nokia exclusively for its X family of Android smartphones.
2015
2016
References
- 1 2 "OpenSSH Project History and Credits". Retrieved 18 November 2012.
- ↑ Corbet, Jonathan (12 August 2006). "cdrtools - a tale of two licenses". LWN.net. Retrieved 12 November 2015.
- ↑ Jaspert, Joerg (2006-09-04). "cdrkit (fork of cdrtools) uploaded to Debian, please test". Debian.org. Retrieved 6 April 2013.
- ↑ http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=377109
- ↑ http://www.icinga.org/faq/why-a-fork/
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