List of state leaders in the 9th century

See also: List of political entities in the 9th century

State leaders in the 8th century – State leaders in the 10th century – State leaders by year

This is a list of state leaders in the 9th century (801–900) AD.

Africa

Barghawata –

Ilyâs ibn Sâlih (792–842)

Idrisid dynasty –

Idris II (791–828)

Kingdom of Makuria (complete list) –

Mikhael, King (c.785/794–804/813)
Ioannes, King (early–mid 9th century)
Zakharias III, King (mid 9th century)
Georgios I of Makuria, King (mid 9th century)

Kingdom of Nekor –

Sa'id I ibn Idris (760–803)

America: Mesoamerica

Copán (complete list) –

Yax Pasaj Chan Yopaat, King (763–post-810)
Ukit Took, King (822)

Palenque (complete list) –

Janaab Pakal III, Ajaw (799–?)

Tikal (complete list) –

Nuun Ujol K'inich, Ajaw (c.800)
Dark Sun, Ajaw (c.810)
Jewel K'awiil, Ajaw (c.849)
Jasaw Chan K'awiil II, Ajaw (c.869)

Asia

Asia: Central

Tibet (complete list) –

Sadnalegs, Emperor (800/804–815)
Ralpacan, Emperor (815–836)
Langdarma, Emperor (836–842)

Asia: East

China: Tang dynasty

Tang dynasty (complete list) –

Dezong, Emperor (780–805)
Shunzong, Emperor (805)
Xianzong, Emperor (806–820)
Muzong, Emperor (821–824)
Jingzong, Emperor (824–826)
Wenzong, Emperor (826–840)
Wuzong, Emperor (840–846)
Xuānzong, Emperor (846–859)
Yizong, Emperor (859–873)
Xizong, Emperor (873–888)
Zhaozong, Emperor (888–904)
Ai, Emperor (904–907)

Japan

Japan, Asuka period (complete list) –

Kanmu, Emperor (781–806)
Heizei, Emperor (806–809)
Saga, Emperor (809–823)
Junna, Emperor (823–833)
Ninmyō, Emperor (833–850)
Montoku, Emperor (850–858)
Seiwa, Emperor (858–876)
Yōzei, Emperor (876–884)
Kōkō, Emperor (884–887)
Uda, Emperor (887–897)
Daigo, Emperor (897–930)

Korea: North–South States Period

Balhae (complete list) –

Gang, King (794–809)
Jeong, King (809-812)
Hui, King (812–817)
Gan, King (817–818)
Seon, King (818–830)
Dae Ijin, King (830–857)
Dae Geonhwang, King (857–871)
Dae Hyeonseok, King (871–894)
Dae Wihae, King (894–906)
Dae Inseon, King (906–926)

Later Silla (complete list) –

Aejang, King (800–809)
Heondeok, King (809–826)
Heungdeok, King (826–836)
Huigang, King (836–838)
Minae, King (838–839)
Sinmu, King (839)
Munseong, King (839–857)
Heonan, King (857–861)
Gyeongmun, King (861–875)
Heongang, King (875–886)
Jeonggang, King (886–887)
Jinseong, King (887–897)
Hyogong, King (897–912)
Sindeok, King (912–917)
Gyeongmyeong, King (917–924)
Gyeongae, King (924–927)
Gyeongsun, King (927–935)

Asia: South

Gurjara-Pratihara –

Nagabhata II, King (800–833)
Ramabhadra, King (833–836)
Mihira Bhoja I, King (836–885)
Mahendrapala I, King (885–910)
Bhoja II, King (910–913)
Mahipala I, King (913–944)
Mahendrapala II, King (944–948)
Devapala, King (948–954)
Vinayakapala, King (954–955)
Mahipala II, King (955–956)
Vijayapala II, King (956–960)
Rajapala, King (960–1018)

Pallava Kingdom –

The Pallava dynasty has two chronologies of rulers.
Dantivarman, King (late 8th–early 9th century)^[1]
Nandivarman III, King (mid 9th century)^[1]
Nirupathungan, King (late 9th century, only in Aiyangar chronology)
Aparajitavarman, King (882/879–897)^[1]

Paramara dynasty of Malwa –

Upendra (c.800–c.818)

Rashtrakuta Empire –

Govinda III (793–814)

Sri Lanka

Anuradhapura Kingdom, Sri Lanka (complete list) –

Mahinda II, King (787–807)
Dappula II, King (807–812)
Mahinda III, King (812–816)
Aggabodhi VIII, King (816–827)
Dappula III, King (827–843)
Aggabodhi IX, King (843–846)
Sena I, King (846–866)
Sena II, King (866–901)

Asia: West

Abbasid Caliphate (Baghdad) – Harun al-Rashid (786–809)

Ifriqiya – Ibrahim I ibn al-Aghlab ibn Salim, Emir of Ifriqiya (800–812)

Europe

Europe: Balkans

First Bulgarian Empire (complete list) –

Kardam, Khan (777–803)
Krum, Khan (803–814)
Omurtag, Khan (814–831)
Malamir, Khan (831–836)
Presian I, Khan (836–852)
Boris I, Knyaz (852–889)
Vladimir, Knyaz (889–893)
Simeon I, Emperor (893–927)

Byzantine Empire (complete list) –

Irene

Regent (780–790, 792–797)
Empress (797–802)

Nikephoros I, Emperor (802–811)
Staurakios

Co-Emperor (802–811)
Emperor (811)

Michael I Rangabe, Emperor (811–813)
Theophylact (son of Michael I), Co-Emperor (811–813)
Leo V the Armenian, Emperor (813–820)
Constantine (Symbatios), Junior Emperor (813–820)

Europe: British Isles

Great Britain: Scotland

Dál Riata (complete list) –

Caustantín mac Fergusa, King (unknown)
Conall mac Taidg, King (c.805–807)
Conall mac Áedáin, King (c.807–811)
Domnall mac Caustantín, King (c.811–835)
Óengus II, King (unknown)
Eóganán mac Óengusa, King (unknown)
Áed mac Boanta, King (c.835–839)
Alpín mac Echdach, King (unknown)
Cináed mac Ailpín, King (unknown)
Gofraid mac Fergusa, King (unknown)

Picts (complete list) –

Constantine (I), King (789–820)
Óengus II, King (820–834)
Drest IX, King (834–837)
Eóganan, King (837–839)
Uurad, competitor King (839–842)
Bridei VI, competitor King (842–843)
Ciniod II, competitor King (843)
Bridei VII, competitor King (843–845)
Drest X, competitor King (845–848)

The Picts, traditionally The Scots (complete list) –

Kenneth MacAlpin, King (843–858)
Domnall mac Ailpí, or Donald I, King (858–862)
Causantín mac Cináeda, or Constantine I (II), King (862–877)
Áed mac Cináeda, King (877–878)
Giric, King (878–889)
Eochaid, disputed King (c.878–889)
Donald II, King (889–900)
Constantine II (III), King (900–943)

Kingdom of Strathclyde / Alt Clut (complete list) –

Cynan, King (798–816)
Dumnagual IV, King (816–?)
Constantine, King (? 859)
Neithon, King (859–?)
Artgal, King (?–872)
Run, King (872–878)
Eochaid, King (uncertain)
Donald I, King (889–900)

Great Britain: Northumbria

Kingdom of Northumbria (complete list) –

Eardwulf, King (796–806/808)
Ælfwald II, King (806/808–808/810)
Eanred, King (810–841)
Æthelred II, King (840/841–844, 858–862)
Redwulf, King (844)
Osberht, King (844–848/849, 867)
Ælla II, King (862/863–867)

Norse era Northumbria / Scandinavian York (complete list) –

Ecgberht, King (867–872)
Ricsige, King (872–876)
Halfdan Ragnarsson, King (876–877)
Interregnum
Guthfrith I, King (c.883–895)
Siefredus, King (c.895–900)
Cnut, King (c.900–905)

Great Britain: England and Wales

The Britons (complete list) –

Cynan Dindaethwy, King (798–816)
Merfyn Frych, King (825–844)
Rhodri ap Merfyn, King (844–878)
Anarawd ap Rhodri, King (878–916)

Kingdom of East Anglia (complete list) –

Cœnwulf, King (?–821), also King of Kent and of Mercia
Ceolwulf, King (821–823), also King of Kent and of Mercia
Beornwulf, King (823–826), also King of Mercia
Æthelstan, King (post-827–840s)
Æthelweard, King (840s–854)
Edmund the Martyr, King (855–869)
Oswald, Sub-King (870s)
Æthelred II, Sub-King (870s)
Guthrum, King (879–890)
Eohric, King (890–902)

Kingdom of Essex (complete list) –

Sigered

King (798–812)
Duke (812–825)

Kingdom of Gwynedd (complete list) –

Cynan Dindaethwy ap Rhodri, King (c.798–816)
Hywel ap Rhodri Molwynog, King (814–825)

Kingdom of Kent (complete list) –

Cuthred, King (797/798–807)
Coenwulf, King (fl. 809)
Ceolwulf I, King (fl. 822–823)
Baldred, King (?–825)
Egbert, King (825–839)
Æthelwulf, King (825–858)
Æthelstan, King (fl. 839–851)
Æthelberht, King (fl. 855–866)
Æthelred, King (866–871)

Mercia (complete list –

Coenwulf, King (796–821), also King of Kent and of East Anglia
Ceolwulf I, King (821–823), also King of Kent and of East Anglia
Beornwulf, King (823–826), also King of East Anglia
Ludeca, King (826–827)
Wiglaf, King (827–829, 830–839)
Ecgberht, King (829–830)
Wigmund, King (c.840)
Ælfflæd, Regent (c.840)
Beorhtwulf, King (840–852)
Burgred, King (852–874)
Ceolwulf II, King (874–c.879)
Æthelred II, Lord (c.881–911)
Æthelflæd, Lady (911–918)
Ælfwynn, Lady (918)

Kingdom of Powys (complete list) –

Cadell ap Elisedd, King (773–808)
Cyngen ap Cadell, King (808–854)
Rhodri Mawr, King (854–878)
Merfyn ap Rhodri, King (878–900)
Llywelyn ap Merfyn, King (900–942)

Kingdom of Wessex (complete list) –

Beorhtric, King (786–802)
Egbert, King (802–839)
Æthelwulf, King (839–858)
Æthelbald, King (858–860)
Æthelberht, King (860–865)
Æthelred, King (865–871)
Alfred the Great, King (871–899)
Edward the Elder, King (899–924)

Ireland

Ireland (complete list) –

Áed Oirdnide, High King (793–817)
Conchobar mac Donnchada, High King (819–833)

Kingdom of Ailech –

Áed Oirdnide (788–819)

Connachta (complete list) –

Muirgius mac Tommaltaig, King (796–815)
Diarmait mac Tommaltaig, King (815–833)
Cathal mac Muirgiussa, King (833–839)
Murchad mac Áedo, King (839-840)
Fergus mac Fothaid, King (840-843)
Conchobar mac Taidg Mór, King (872–882)
Áed mac Conchobair, King (882–888)
Tadg mac Conchobair, King (888–900)
Cathal mac Conchobair, King (900–925)

Leinster (complete list) –

Fínsnechta Cethardec, King (795–808)
Muiredach mac Brain (died 818), King (808–818)
Muiredach mac Ruadrach, King (818–829)
Cellach mac Brain, King (829–834)
Bran mac Fáeláin, King (834–838)
Túathal mac Máele-Brigte, King (851–854)
Ruarc mac Brain, King (854–862)
Muirecán mac Diarmata, King (862–863)
Dúnlaing mac Muiredaig, King (863–869)
Ailill mac Dúnlainge (died 871), King (869–871)
Domnall mac Muirecáin, King (871–884)
Muiredach mac Brain, King (884–885)
Cerball mac Muirecáin, King (885–909)

Kingdom of Mide –

Muiredach mac Domnaill Midi (799–802)

Uí Maine (complete list) –

Dub Dá Leithe mac Tomaltach, King (?–816)
Cathal mac Murchadh, King (794–816)
Cathal mac Ailell, King (834–844)

Ulaid / Ulster (complete list) –

Eochaid mac Fiachnai, King (790-810)
Cairell mac Fiachnai, King (810-819)
Máel Bressail mac Ailillo, King (819-825)
Muiredach mac Eochada, King (825-839)
Matudán mac Muiredaig, King (839-857)
Lethlobar mac Loingsig, King (857-873)
Cathalán mac Indrechtaig, King (857-871)
Ainbíth mac Áedo, King (873-882)
Eochocán mac Áedo, King (882-883)
Airemón mac Áedo, King (882-886)
Fiachnae mac Ainbítha, King (886-886)
Bécc mac Airemóin, King (886-893)
Muiredach mac Eochocáin, King (893-895)
Máel Mocheirge mac Indrechtaig, King (893-896)
Aitíth mac Laigni, King (896-898)
Cenn Etig mac Lethlobair, King (896-900)
Áed mac Eochocáin, King (898-919)

Europe: Central

Saxons –

Widukind (743–807)

Europe: East

Volga Bulgaria (complete list) –

Tuqyi, ruler (765-815)
Aidar, ruler (815-865)
Şilki, Iltäbär (865-882)
Batyr Mö'min, ruler (882-895)
Almış, Emir (895-925)

Lower Pannonia –

Vojnomir (791–c. 810)

Europe: Nortic

Sweden (complete list) –

Björn Ironside, King (early 9th century)
Erik Björnsson, King (early 9th century)
Erik Refilsson, King (early 9th century)
Anund Uppsale, King (early 9th century)
Björn at Hauge, King (c.829–831)
Olof I of Sweden, King (mid 9th century)
Erik Anundsson, King (mid 9th century)

Europe: South

Principality of Benevento –

Grimoald III (787–806)

Kingdom of Italy -

Pepin, King of Italy (781–810)

Papal States –

Pope Leo III (795–816)

Republic of Venice (complete list) –

Giovanni Galbaio, Doge (787–804)
Obelerio Antenoreo, Doge (804–811)
Agnello Participazio, Doge (811–827)
Giustiniano Participazio, Doge (827–829)
Giovanni I Participazio, Doge (829–837)
Pietro Tradonico, Doge (837–864)
Orso I Participazio, Doge (864–881)
Giovanni II Participazio, Doge (881–887)
Pietro I Candiano, Doge (887–888)
Pietro Tribuno, Doge (888–912)

Europe: Southwest

Kingdom of Asturias –

Alfonso II (791–842)

Emirate of Córdoba –

al-Hakam I (796–822)

Marca Hispanica

County of Osona –

Borrell (799–820)

County of Cerdanya –

Borrell (798–820)

County of Urgell –

Borrell (798–820)

Europe: West

Franks

Frankish Empire (complete list) –
Frankish Empire –

Charlemagne (768–814) and Holy Roman Emperor (800–814)

County of Toulouse –

William of Gellone (790–811)

Eurasian Caucasus

Arminiya (complete list) –

Yazid ibn Mazyad al-Shaybani, Emir (799–801)
Asad ibn Yazid al-Shaybani, Emir (801–802)
Muhammad ibn Yazid al-Shaybani, Emir (802–803)
Khuzayma ibn Khazim, Emir (803–?)
Asad ibn Yazid al-Shaybani, Emir (c. 810)
Ishaq ibn Sulayman, Emir (c. 813)
Khalid ibn Yazid ibn Mazyad, Emir (813–?)
Khalid ibn Yazid ibn Mazyad, Emir (828–832)
Khalid ibn Yazid ibn Mazyad, Emir (841)
Khalid ibn Yazid ibn Mazyad, Emir (c. 842–844)
Muhammad ibn Khalid, Emir (c. 842/844–?)
Abu Sa'id Muhammad al-Marwazi, Emir (849–851)
Yusuf ibn Abi Sa'id al-Marwazi, Emir (851–852)
Muhammad ibn Khalid, Emir (857–862)
Ali ibn Yahya al-Armani, Emir (862–863)
Isa ibn al-Shaykh al-Shaybani, Emir (870–878)

Principality of Iberia –

Ashot I Kurapalate (786–809)

Principality of Kakheti –

Grigol (786–827)

References

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