Livny

Livny (English) Ливны (Russian)
-  Town[1]  -
View of the part of Livny located across the Sosna River
Location of Oryol Oblast in Russia
Livny Location of Livny in Oryol Oblast
Coordinates: 52°25′26″N 37°35′59″E / 52.42389°N 37.59972°ECoordinates: 52°25′26″N 37°35′59″E / 52.42389°N 37.59972°E
Administrative status (as of April 2011)
Country	Russia
Federal subject	Oryol Oblast[1]
Administrative center of	town of oblast significance of Livny[1]
Municipal status (as of June 2010)
Urban okrug	Livny Urban Okrug[2]
Administrative center of	Livny Urban Okrug,[2] Livensky Municipal District[3]
Statistics
Population (2010 Census)	50,343 inhabitants[4]
- Rank in 2010	317th
Time zone	MSK (UTC+03:00)[5]
Founded	1586
Livny on Wikimedia Commons

Livny (Russian: Ливны; IPA: [ˈlʲivnɨ]) is a town in Oryol Oblast, Russia. Population: 50,343 (2010 Census);^[4] 52,841 (2002 Census);^[6] 51,696 (1989 Census).^[7]

History

The town apparently originated in 1586 as Ust-Livny, a wooden fort on the bank of the Livenka River, although some believe that a town had existed on the spot previous to the Mongol invasion of Rus'. The fortress was important in guarding the southern border of the Grand Duchy of Moscow in the case of a Crimean Tatar raid along the Muravsky Trail.

Thirty years later, Ivan the Terrible sent prince Masalsky to build a town of Livny under the umbrella of a garrison stationed in the fort. It was pillaged and burnt by the Tatars on many occasions. In 1606, the citizens of Livny raised a rebellion against Boris Godunov, killing his governor and proclaiming their allegiance to False Dmitry I. Two years later, Ivan Bolotnikov chose it as a base of his military operations against Vasily IV.

In 1618, the wooden town was burnt by the Cossacks of Petro Konashevych. The Crimeans again attacked the town in 1661, burning it to the ground. As soon as the Tatar attacks ceased, the period of prosperity was ushered. In the 19th century, Livny rivaled Yelets as the main trade center of the area.

During World War II, Livny was occupied by the German Army from 26 November to 25 December 1941.

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Livny serves as the administrative center of Livensky District, even though it is not a part of it.^[1] As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the town of oblast significance of Livny—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.^[1] As a municipal division, the town of oblast significance of Livny is incorporated as Livny Urban Okrug.^[2]

Miscellaneous

Near Livny, there is a 350-meter (1,150 ft) tall guyed TV tower, which was presumably built in 1979.

Notable people

Sergey Bulgakov, a philosopher, was a native of Livny.

References

Notes

1. Law #522-OZ
2. Law #449-OZ
3. Law #442-OZ
4. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ð° (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
5. Правительство Российской Федерации. Ð¤ÐµÐ´ÐµÑ€Ð°Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ñ‹Ð¹ закон â„–107-ФЗ Ð¾Ñ‚ 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона â„–248-ФЗ от 21 июля 2014 г. Â«Ðž внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу Ð¿Ð¾ истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", â„–120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #248-FZ of July 21, 2014 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
6. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов â€“ районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 Ñ‚ысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ð° [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
7. Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 Ð³. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ð° [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.

Sources

• Орловский областной Совет народных депутатов. Ð—акон â„–522-ОЗ Ð¾Ñ‚ 6 июля 2005 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Орловской области», в ред. Закона â„–1187-ОЗ от 1 апреля 2011 г Â«Ðž внесении изменений в законодательные акты Орловской области». Вступил в силу Ñ момента официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Орловская правда", â„–116, 13 июля 2005 г. (Oryol Oblast Council of People's Deputies. Law #522-OZ of July 6, 2005 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Oryol Oblast, as amended by the Law #1187-OZ of April 1, 2011 On Amending the Legislative Acts of Oryol Oblast. Effective as of the moment of the official publication.).
• Орловский областной Совет народных депутатов. Ð—акон â„–449-ОЗ Ð¾Ñ‚ 19 ноября 2004 г. «О статусе и границе города Ливны как муниципального образования Орловской области», в ред. Закона â„–1078-ОЗ от 8 июня 2010 г Â«Ðž внесении изменений в Закон Орловской области "О статусе и границе города Ливны как муниципального образования Орловской области"». Вступил в силу ÑÐ¾ дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Орловская правда", â„–211, 24 ноября 2004 г. (Oryol Oblast Council of People's Deputies. Law #449-OZ of November 19, 2004 On the Status and Borders of the Town of Livny as a Municipal Formation of Oryol Oblast, as amended by the Law #1078-OZ of June 8, 2010 On Amending the Law of Oryol Oblast "On the Status and Borders of the Town of Livny as a Municipal Formation of Oryol Oblast". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
• Орловский областной Совет народных депутатов. Ð—акон â„–442-ОЗ Ð¾Ñ‚ 19 ноября 2004 г. «О статусе, границах и административных центрах муниципальных образований на территории Ливенского района Орловской области», в ред. Закона â„–1109-ОЗ от 3 сентября 2010 г. Â«Ðž внесении изменений в некоторые законодательные акты Орловской области о статусе, границах и административных центрах муниципальных образований». Вступил в силу ÑÐ¾ дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Орловская правда", â„–211, 24 ноября 2004 г. (Oryol Oblast Council of People's Deputies. Law #442-OZ of November 19, 2004 On the Status, Borders, and Administrative Centers of the Municipal Formations on the Territory of Livensky District of Oryol Oblast, as amended by the Law #1109-OZ of September 3, 2010 On Amending the Various Legislative Acts of Oryol Oblast on the Status, Borders, and Administrative Centers of the Municipal Formations. Effective as of the day of the official publication.).

External links

• Pictures of Livny