Loch Lomond

For other uses, see Loch Lomond (disambiguation).
Loch Lomond

Loch Lomond, looking south from Ben Lomond
Location West Dunbartonshire/Argyll and Bute/Stirling, Scotland
Coordinates 56°05′N 4°34′W / 56.083°N 4.567°W / 56.083; -4.567Coordinates: 56°05′N 4°34′W / 56.083°N 4.567°W / 56.083; -4.567
Type freshwater loch, ribbon lake, dimictic
Primary inflows Endrick Water, Fruin Water, River Falloch
Primary outflows River Leven
Catchment area 696 km2 (269 sq mi)
Basin countries Scotland
Max. length 24 mi (39 km)
Max. width 5 mi (8.0 km)
Surface area 27 sq mi (70 km2)
Average depth 121 ft (37 m)
Max. depth 620 ft (190 m)
Water volume 0.62 cu mi (2.6 km3)
Residence time 1.9 years
Surface elevation 25 ft (7.6 m)
Islands 60 (Inchcailloch, Inchmurrin, Inchfad)
Sections/sub-basins north basin, south basin
Settlements Balloch, Ardlui, Balmaha, Luss, Rowardennan, Tarbet
Designated 5 January 1976

Loch Lomond (/ˈlɒxˈloʊmənd/; Scottish Gaelic Loch Laomainn) is a freshwater Scottish loch which crosses the Highland Boundary Fault. It is the largest inland stretch of water in Great Britain by surface area.[1] The loch contains many islands, including Inchmurrin, the largest fresh-water island in the British Isles.[2] Loch Lomond is a popular leisure destination and is featured in the song "The Bonnie Banks o' Loch Lomond". The Loch is now part of the Loch Lomond and The Trossachs National Park which was established in 2002. Loch Lomond is a corruption of the Gaelic Lac Leaman, or 'Lake of the Elms'.[3]

Geography

Loch Lomond is a freshwater loch lying on the Highland Boundary Fault, often considered the boundary between the lowlands of Central Scotland and the Highlands. It is 24 miles (39 km) long and between 0.75 miles (1.21 km) and 5 miles (8.0 km) wide. It has an average depth of about 121 feet (37 m), and a maximum depth of about 620 feet (190 m). Its surface area is 27 sq mi (70 km2), and it has a volume of 2.6 km3 (0.62 cu mi). Of all lochs and lakes in Great Britain, it is the largest by surface area, and the second largest (after Loch Ness) by water volume.[4] Within the United Kingdom, it is surpassed only by Lough Neagh and Lower Lough Erne in Northern Ireland[5] and regarding the British Isles as a whole there are also several larger loughs in the Republic of Ireland.

Traditionally a boundary between Stirlingshire and Dunbartonshire, Loch Lomond is currently split between the council areas of Stirling, Argyll and Bute, and West Dunbartonshire. Its southern shores are about 14 miles (23 km) north of Glasgow, Scotland’s largest city.

Loch Lomond is now part of Loch Lomond and the Trossachs National Park. Ben Lomond is on the eastern shore: 3,195 ft (974 m) in height and the most southerly of the Scottish Munro peaks. A 2005 poll of Radio Times readers voted Loch Lomond as the 6th greatest natural wonder in Britain.[6]

The main arterial route along the loch is the A82 road which runs the length of its western shore. For a long time this was a notorious bottleneck, with the route clogged with tourists during the summer months. It was upgraded in the 1980s and 1990s, although the stretch north of Tarbet remains unimproved.

Islands

From the summit of the island of Inchcailloch to Torrinch, Creinch, Inchmurrin and Ben Bowie

The loch contains thirty or more other islands.[7][Note 1] depending on the water level. Several of them are large by the standards of British bodies of freshwater. Inchmurrin, for example, is the largest island in a body of freshwater in the British Isles.[2] As in Loch Tay, several of the islands appear to be crannogs, artificial islands built in prehistoric periods.

English travel writer, H.V. Morton wrote:

What a large part of Loch Lomond's beauty is due to its islands, those beautiful green tangled islands, that lie like jewels upon its surface.[13]

One of the loch's islands, Inchconnachan, is home to a colony of wallabies.[14]

Leisure activities

The Loch Lomond Golf Club is situated on the south western shore. It has hosted many international events including the Scottish Open. Another golf club, "The Carrick" has opened on the banks of the Loch adjacent to the Loch Lomond Club.[15] The West Highland Way runs along the eastern bank of the loch. The West Loch Lomond Cycle Path runs from Arrochar and Tarbet railway station, at the upper end of the loch, to Balloch railway station, at the south end. The 28 kilometres (17 mi) long cycle path runs along the west bank.

At the south end of the loch near Balloch is a large visitor and shopping complex named Loch Lomond Shores. This was the venue for the Great Scottish Swim in 2013.

Boating and watersports

Loch Lomond is one of Scotland's premier boating and watersports venues and the scenery draws people from all over Scotland and beyond. The loch is open to every kind of watercraft including kayaks, canoes, wind-surfers, jetskis, speedboats and cruisers and they are all very well represented. Loch Lomond Rescue Boat provides 24-hour safety cover on the loch. The Rescue Boat is a Volunteer Organisation and a Registered Charity. The National Park Authority also have other boats on the Loch such as The Brigadier. Strathclyde Police also operate on the Loch using RIBs and Jet Skis and work in conjunction with the National Park Authority.

Maid of the Loch at Balloch pier

The National Park Authority has tried to achieve a balance between land-based tourists and loch users, with environmentally sensitive areas subject to a strictly enforced 10 km per hour speed limit, but the rest of the loch open to speeds of up to 90 km per hour.

Other leisure activities on the loch include cruises from the town of Balloch, operated by Sweeney's Cruises.[16]

The Maid of the Loch was the last paddle steamer built in Britain. Built on the Clyde in 1953, she operated on Loch Lomond for 29 years. She is now being restored at Balloch pier by the Loch Lomond Steamship Company, a charitable organisation, supported by West Dunbartonshire Council.[17]

Guided canoeing and canoe hire is available through some small companies such as S D Adventures[18]

Air crash

On 22 April 1940 a British Overseas Airways Corporation Lockheed Model 14 Super Electra (Registration: G-AFKD named Loch Invar) flying from Perth Airport (Scotland) to Heston Aerodrome in London crashed at Loch Lomond, killing all five passengers and crew.[19]

In popular culture

Loch Lomond from just below Beinn Dubh and Creag an t-Seilich

The song

The loch is featured in a well-known song which was first published around 1841.[20] The chorus is:

Oh, ye'll tak' the high road, and I'll tak' the low road,
And I'll be in Scotland afore ye;
But me and my true love will never meet again
On the bonnie, bonnie banks o' Loch Lomond.

The song has been recorded by many performers over the years, including jazz singer Maxine Sullivan (for whom it was a career-defining hit), the Mudmen, Scottish-Canadian punk band The Real McKenzies. Both Runrig and Quadriga Consort used to perform Loch Lomond as their concert's final song. The original author is unknown. One story is that the song was written by a Scottish soldier who awaited death in enemy captivity; in his final letter home, he wrote this song, portraying his home and how much he would miss it. Another tale is that during the 1745 Rebellion a soldier on his way back to Scotland during the 1745-6 retreat from England wrote this song. The "low road" is a reference to the Celtic belief that if someone died away from his homeland, then the fairies would provide a route of this name for his soul to return home.[21] Within this theory, it is possible that the soldier awaiting death may have been writing either to a friend who was allowed to live and return home, or to a lover back in Scotland.

Other

Loch Lomond, looking west from Ben Lomond

See also

References and footnotes

Notes
  1. ↑ Some of the islets in Loch Lomond may only appear when the water levels are low[8][9] and although many sources provide a figure of up to sixty islands[10] this may derive from a poetic 9th century description. Other sources suggest a total of 30 or 38 islands.[11][12]
Citations
  1. ↑ Peter Matthews, ed. (1994). The Guinness Book of Records 1995. Guinness World Records Limited. p. 17. ISBN 0-85112-736-3.
  2. 1 2 Worsley, Harry (1988). Loch Lomond: The Loch, the Lairds and the Legends. Glasgow: Lindsay Publications. ISBN 978-1-898169-34-5.
  3. ↑ Richens, R. J. (1984) Elm, Cambridge University Press.
  4. ↑ "Scotland’s Water Environment Review 2000-2006" SEPA. Retrieved 11 October 2008.
  5. ↑ Whitaker's Almanack (1991) London. J. Whitaker and Sons. p. 127.
  6. ↑ "Caves win 'natural wonder' vote" BBC.co.uk Retrieved 10 December 2006.
  7. ↑ "Loch Lomond Islands – Inchmurrin". Loch Lomond.net. Retrieved 23 August 2007.
  8. ↑ "Loch Lomond Islands" loch-lomond.me.uk. Retrieved 23 January 2010.
  9. ↑ "Introduction to Loch Lomond Islands". Loch Lomond, Callander and Trossachs. Retrieved 25 September 2008.
  10. ↑ For example, "Loch lomond" goxplore.net Retrieved 29 April 2010.
  11. ↑ "The Loch" Loch Lomond.net. Retrieved 23 January 2010.
  12. ↑ "The islands on Loch Lomond " visit-lochlomond.com. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
  13. ↑ Morton, H. V. In Scotland Again (1933), Methuen London — p145
  14. ↑ Scottish Daily Record, 06/06/2009 Colony of Wallabies set for cull
  15. ↑ "The Carrick Visit Scotland. Retrieved 10 October 2008.
  16. ↑ "Cruise Loch Lomond" (video). Scotland on TV. Retrieved 25 September 2008.
  17. ↑ "Maid of the Loch". Loch Lomond Steamship Company. Retrieved 25 September 2008.
  18. ↑ http://www.sdadventures.co.uk/
  19. ↑ http://www.baaa-acro.com/Fiches%20d%27accidents/1940/G-AFKD.htm
  20. ↑ James J. Fuld, The Book of World-Famous Music: Classical, Popular and Folk, p. 336.
  21. ↑ Fraser, Amy Stewart (1977). In Memory Long. Routledge. p. 54. ISBN 978-0-7100-8586-3. Retrieved 10 October 2008.
  22. ↑ Elsie J. Oxenham, Goblin Island, Collins (1907), p. 58.
  23. ↑ "Wealth of fans to locate". The Scotsman. 28 September 2002. Retrieved 27 December 2015.
  24. ↑ "Ticket tout fears over Bollywood star". The Scotsman. 8 August 2002. Retrieved 27 December 2015.

External links

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