MT-CYB

Cytochrome b
Identifiers
Symbols	CYTB ; MTCYB
External IDs	OMIM: 516020 MGI: 102501 HomoloGene: 5013 GeneCards: CYTB Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • ubiquinol-cytochrome-c reductase activity • electron carrier activity • metal ion binding Cellular component • mitochondrial inner membrane • mitochondrial respiratory chain complex III • integral to membrane Biological process • mitochondrial electron transport, ubiquinol to cytochrome c • respiratory electron transport chain • small molecule metabolic process Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	4519	17711
Ensembl	ENSG00000198727	ENSMUSG00000064370
UniProt	P00156	P00158
RefSeq (mRNA)	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	n/a	NP_904340
Location (UCSC)	Chr MT: 0.01 – 0.02 Mb	Chr MT: 0.01 – 0.02 Mb
PubMed search

Cytochrome b is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MT-CYB gene.^[1]

Its gene product is a subunit of the respiratory chain protein Ubiquinol Cytochrome c Reductase (UQCR, Complex III or Cytochrome bc1 complex), which consists of the products of one mitochondrially encoded gene, MTCYTB (mitochondrial cytochrome b) and ten nuclear genes: UQCRC1, UQCRC2, Cytochrome c1, UQCRFS1 (Rieske protein), UQCRB, "11kDa protein", UQCRH (cyt c1 Hinge protein), Rieske Protein presequence, "cyt. c1 associated protein", and Rieske-associated protein.

References

1. "Entrez Gene: CYTB cytochrome b".

Further reading

• Ingman M, Kaessmann H, Pääbo S, Gyllensten U (Dec 2000). "Mitochondrial genome variation and the origin of modern humans". Nature 408 (6813): 708–13. doi:10.1038/35047064. PMID 11130070.
• Maca-Meyer N, González AM, Larruga JM, Flores C, Cabrera VM (2003). "Major genomic mitochondrial lineages delineate early human expansions". BMC Genetics 2: 13. doi:10.1186/1471-2156-2-13. PMC 55343. PMID 11553319.
• Herrnstadt C, Elson JL, Fahy E, Preston G, Turnbull DM, Anderson C, Ghosh SS, Olefsky JM, Beal MF, Davis RE, Howell N (May 2002). "Reduced-median-network analysis of complete mitochondrial DNA coding-region sequences for the major African, Asian, and European haplogroups". American Journal of Human Genetics 70 (5): 1152–71. doi:10.1086/339933. PMC 447592. PMID 11938495.
• Silva WA, Bonatto SL, Holanda AJ, Ribeiro-Dos-Santos AK, Paixão BM, Goldman GH, Abe-Sandes K, Rodriguez-Delfin L, Barbosa M, Paçó-Larson ML, Petzl-Erler ML, Valente V, Santos SE, Zago MA (Jul 2002). "Mitochondrial genome diversity of Native Americans supports a single early entry of founder populations into America". American Journal of Human Genetics 71 (1): 187–92. doi:10.1086/341358. PMC 384978. PMID 12022039.
• Yamasoba T, Goto Yi, Oka Y, Nishino I, Tsukuda K, Nonaka I (Jun 2002). "Atypical muscle pathology and a survey of cis-mutations in deaf patients harboring a 1555 A-to-G point mutation in the mitochondrial ribosomal RNA gene". Neuromuscular Disorders 12 (5): 506–12. doi:10.1016/S0960-8966(01)00329-7. PMID 12031626.
• Mishmar D, Ruiz-Pesini E, Golik P, Macaulay V, Clark AG, Hosseini S, Brandon M, Easley K, Chen E, Brown MD, Sukernik RI, Olckers A, Wallace DC (Jan 2003). "Natural selection shaped regional mtDNA variation in humans". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 100 (1): 171–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.0136972100. PMC 140917. PMID 12509511.
• Mancuso M, Filosto M, Stevens JC, Patterson M, Shanske S, Krishna S, DiMauro S (May 2003). "Mitochondrial myopathy and complex III deficiency in a patient with a new stop-codon mutation (G339X) in the cytochrome b gene". Journal of the Neurological Sciences 209 (1-2): 61–3. doi:10.1016/S0022-510X(02)00462-8. PMID 12686403.
• Ingman M, Gyllensten U (Jul 2003). "Mitochondrial genome variation and evolutionary history of Australian and New Guinean aborigines". Genome Research 13 (7): 1600–6. doi:10.1101/gr.686603. PMC 403733. PMID 12840039.
• Kong QP, Yao YG, Sun C, Bandelt HJ, Zhu CL, Zhang YP (Sep 2003). "Phylogeny of east Asian mitochondrial DNA lineages inferred from complete sequences". American Journal of Human Genetics 73 (3): 671–6. doi:10.1086/377718. PMC 1180693. PMID 12870132.
• Kong QP, Yao YG, Liu M, Shen SP, Chen C, Zhu CL, Palanichamy MG, Zhang YP (Oct 2003). "Mitochondrial DNA sequence polymorphisms of five ethnic populations from northern China". Human Genetics 113 (5): 391–405. doi:10.1007/s00439-003-1004-7. PMID 12938036.
• Maca-Meyer N, González AM, Pestano J, Flores C, Larruga JM, Cabrera VM (Oct 2003). "Mitochondrial DNA transit between West Asia and North Africa inferred from U6 phylogeography". BMC Genetics 4: 15. doi:10.1186/1471-2156-4-15. PMC 270091. PMID 14563219.
• Haut S, de Villemeur TB, Brivet M, Guiochon-Mantel A, Boutron A, Rustin P, Legrand A, Slama A (Mar 2004). "The deleterious G15498A mutation in mitochondrial DNA-encoded cytochrome b may remain clinically silent in homoplasmic carriers". European Journal of Human Genetics 12 (3): 220–4. doi:10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201132. PMID 14735157.
• Palanichamy MG, Sun C, Agrawal S, Bandelt HJ, Kong QP, Khan F, Wang CY, Chaudhuri TK, Palla V, Zhang YP (Dec 2004). "Phylogeny of mitochondrial DNA macrohaplogroup N in India, based on complete sequencing: implications for the peopling of South Asia". American Journal of Human Genetics 75 (6): 966–78. doi:10.1086/425871. PMC 1182158. PMID 15467980.
• Starikovskaya EB, Sukernik RI, Derbeneva OA, Volodko NV, Ruiz-Pesini E, Torroni A, Brown MD, Lott MT, Hosseini SH, Huoponen K, Wallace DC (Jan 2005). "Mitochondrial DNA diversity in indigenous populations of the southern extent of Siberia, and the origins of Native American haplogroups". Annals of Human Genetics 69 (Pt 1): 67–89. doi:10.1046/j.1529-8817.2003.00127.x. PMC 3905771. PMID 15638829.
• Rajkumar R, Banerjee J, Gunturi HB, Trivedi R, Kashyap VK (2006). "Phylogeny and antiquity of M macrohaplogroup inferred from complete mt DNA sequence of Indian specific lineages". BMC Evolutionary Biology 5: 26. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-5-26. PMC 1079809. PMID 15804362.
• Thangaraj K, Chaubey G, Kivisild T, Reddy AG, Singh VK, Rasalkar AA, Singh L (May 2005). "Reconstructing the origin of Andaman Islanders". Science 308 (5724): 996. doi:10.1126/science.1109987. PMID 15890876.
• Blakely EL, Mitchell AL, Fisher N, Meunier B, Nijtmans LG, Schaefer AM, Jackson MJ, Turnbull DM, Taylor RW (Jul 2005). "A mitochondrial cytochrome b mutation causing severe respiratory chain enzyme deficiency in humans and yeast". The FEBS Journal 272 (14): 3583–92. doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2005.04779.x. PMID 16008558.
• Kivisild T, Shen P, Wall DP, Do B, Sung R, Davis K, Passarino G, Underhill PA, Scharfe C, Torroni A, Scozzari R, Modiano D, Coppa A, de Knijff P, Feldman M, Cavalli-Sforza LL, Oefner PJ (Jan 2006). "The role of selection in the evolution of human mitochondrial genomes". Genetics 172 (1): 373–87. doi:10.1534/genetics.105.043901. PMC 1456165. PMID 16172508.
• Behar DM, Metspalu E, Kivisild T, Achilli A, Hadid Y, Tzur S, Pereira L, Amorim A, Quintana-Murci L, Majamaa K, Herrnstadt C, Howell N, Balanovsky O, Kutuev I, Pshenichnov A, Gurwitz D, Bonne-Tamir B, Torroni A, Villems R, Skorecki K (Mar 2006). "The matrilineal ancestry of Ashkenazi Jewry: portrait of a recent founder event". American Journal of Human Genetics 78 (3): 487–97. doi:10.1086/500307. PMC 1380291. PMID 16404693.
• van Holst Pellekaan SM, Ingman M, Roberts-Thomson J, Harding RM (Oct 2006). "Mitochondrial genomics identifies major haplogroups in Aboriginal Australians". American Journal of Physical Anthropology 131 (2): 282–94. doi:10.1002/ajpa.20426. PMID 16596590.