Macedonian conjugation

Macedonian conjugation (Macedonian: конјугација) is the creation of derived forms of a Macedonian verb from its principal parts by inflection.

Macedonian verbs are conventionally divided into three main conjugations according to the thematic vowel used in the citation form (i.e. 3p-pres-sg):

Futurity is expressed by placing the invariable particle ќе before a verb phrase.

Synthetic series

The synthetic series consists of three simple tenses—the present, imperfect and aorist—and the imperative mood.

Present tense

Citation
form
Stem Present Tense (а–group)
Singular Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
вика вик– викам викаш вика викаме викате викаат
бега бег– бегам бегаш бега бегаме бегате бегаат
Citation
form
Stem Present Tense (и–group)
Singular Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
носи нос– носам носиш носи носиме носите носат
учи уч– учам учиш учи учиме учите учат
остари остар– остарам остариш остари остариме остарите остарат
оздрави оздрав– оздравам оздравиш оздрави оздравиме оздравите оздрават
стои сто(и)– стојам1 стоиш стои стоиме стоите стојат2
лежи леж– лежам лежиш лежи лежиме лежите лежат

1, 2 The syllabic thematic vowel и changes to the non-syllabic ј when preceding inflectional suffixes which begin with a vowel.

Citation
form
Stem Present Tense (е–group)
Singular Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
викне викн– викнам викнеш викне викнеме викнете викнат
умре умр– умрам умреш умре умреме умрете умрат

Past tenses

Imperfect

Citation
form
Stem Imperfect (а–group)
Singular Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
вика вика– викав викаше викаше викавме викавте викаа
бега бега– бегав бегаше бегаше бегавме бегавте бегаа
Citation
form
Stem Imperfect (и–group)
Singular Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
оди оде– одев одеше одеше одевме одевте одеа
Citation
form
Stem Imperfect (е–group)
Singular Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
јаде јаде– јадев јадеше јадеше јадевме јадевте јадеа

Aorist

а–group
Citation
form
Stem Aorist (а–group)
Singular Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
прочита прочита– прочитав прочита прочита прочитавме прочитавте прочитаа
и–group
Citation
form
Stem Aorist (и–group, и–subgroup)
Singular Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
прати прати– пратив прати прати пративме пративте пратија3

3 An intrusive /j/ occurs between /i/ and /a/.

Citation
form
Stem Aorist (и–group, е–subgroup)
Singular Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
оздрави оздраве– оздравев оздраве оздраве оздравевме оздравевте оздравеа
Citation
form
Stem Aorist (и–group, а–subgroup)
Singular Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
издржи издржа– издржав издржа издржа издржавме издржавте издржаа
е–group
Citation
form
Stem Aorist (е–group, а–subgroup)
Singular Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
стане стана– станав стана стана станавме станавте станаа
Citation
form
Stem Aorist (е–group, е–subgroup)
Singular Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
сотре сотре– сотрев сотре сотре сотревме сотревте сотреа
Citation
form
Stem Aorist (е–group, о–subgroup)
Singular Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
дојде дојд– дојдов дојде дојде дојдовме дојдовте дојдоа
Citation
form
Stem Aorist (е–group, ∅–subgroup)
Singular Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
измие изми– измив изми изми измивме измивте измија4

4 An intrusive /j/ occurs between /i/ and /a/.

Imperative mood

Citation
form
Stem Imperative (а–group)
Singular Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
вика вик– викај викајте
бега бег– бегај бегајте
Citation
form
Stem Imperative (и–group)
Singular Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
носи нос– носи носете
учи уч– учи учете
Citation
form
Stem Imperative (е–group)
Singular Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
викне викн– викни викнете
умре умр– умри умрете

Non-finite series

The non-finite series consists of the verbal л-form, verbal adverb, verbal noun and verbal adjective.

Stem base Verbal л-form of донесе
Masculine Feminine Neuter Plural (all genders)
Imperfect донел донела донело донеле
Aorist донесол донесла донесло донесле

Analytic series

The analytic series consists of compound tenses and the conditional mood. It is further divided into the сум-series, беше-pluperfect series and има-series.

Сум-series

Verb Tense Сум-series
Singular Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
гали Aorist сум галил си галил галил сме галиле сте галиле галиле
гали Imperfect сум галел си галел галел сме галеле сте галеле галеле

Беше-pluperfect series

Verb Tense Беше-pluperfect series
Singular Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
гали Aorist бев галил беше галил беше галил бевме галиле бевте галиле беа галиле
гали Imperfect бев галел беше галел беше галел бевме галеле бевте галеле беа галеле

Има-series

Verb Tense Има-series
Singular Plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
гали Има-perfect имам галено имаш галено има галено имаме галено имате галено имаат галено
гали Имаше-pluperfect имав галено имаше галено имаше галено имавме галено имавте галено имаа галено
гали Имал-perfect сум имал галено си имал галено имал галено сме имале галено сте имате галено имале галено

Conditional mood

The conditional mood is formed using the invariant particle би with the verbal л-form. Imperfective and perfective verbs typically use the imperfect and aorist verbal л-forms, respectively.

Bibliography

External links

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