Maeonius

Maeonius
Emperor of Palmyra
Maeonius from Guillaume Rouillé's Promptuarii Iconum Insigniorum
Emperor of Palmyra
Reign	267
Predecessor	Odaenathus as King of kings
Successor	Vaballathus and Herodianus both holding the title king of kings

Crisis of the Third Century

Death of Alexander Severus (235)
Reign of Maximinus Thrax (235–238)
Usurpation of Magnus (c. 235)
Gordian Revolt (238)
Siege of Aquileia (238)
Reign of Pupienus and Balbinus (238)
Invasion of the Carpi (238–239)
Sabinianus Revolt (240)
Battle of Resaena (243)
Battle of Misiche (244)
Invasion of the Carpi (245–247)
Secular Games of 248 (248)
Usurpation of Sponsianus (240s)
Usurpation of Pacatianus (248)
Usurpation of Jotapianus (249)
Usurpation of Silbannacus (249 or 253)
Decius' Rebellion (249)
Plague of Cyprian (250–270)
Decian persecution (250–251)
Gothic Invasion of Cniva (250–251)
Carpi Invasion of Dacia (250)
Battle of Beroe (250)
Battle of Philippopolis (250)
Usurpation of Titus Julius Priscus (251)
Battle of Abritus and death of Emperor Decius (251)
Siege of Nisibis (252)
Gothic Invasion (252–253)
Death of Trebonianus Gallus (253)
Battle of Interamna Nahars (253)
Battle of Barbalissos (253)
Siege of Antioch (253)
Assassination of Aemilianus (253)
Siege of Dura Europos (256)
Gothic Invasion (256–257)
Invasion of Shapur (258)
Invasion of Alamannai (258–260 approx)
Battle of Mediolanum (259)
Scythian Invasion (259–260)
Battle of Edessa and Capture of Emperor Valerian (260)
Siege of Caesarea (260)
Usurpation of Ingenuus (260)
Reign of Saloninus (260)
Usurpation of Regalianus (260)
Usurpation of Macrianus Major (c. 259–261)
Gallic Empire (260–274)
Reign of Postumus (260–269)
Roxolani Invasion of Pannonia (260)
Campaigns of Odaenathus (260–267)
Pannonian Rebellion (261)
Usurpation of Quietus (261)
Usurpation of Balista (261)
Usurpation of Valens Thessalonicus (261)
Usurpation of Lucius Calpurnius Piso Frugi (261)
Usurpation of Macrianus Minor (261)
Usurpation of Mussius Aemilianus (261–262)
Revolt of Aemilianus (262)
Postumus Campaign Against the Franks (262)
Postumous Campaign against the Alamanni (263)
Battle of Ctesiphon (263)
Scythian Invasion (265–266)
Usurpation of Maeonius (266–267)
Assassination of Odaenathus (267)
Scythian Invasion (267–269)
Heruli Raids (267)
Usurpation of Manius Acilius Aureolus (268)
Battle of Naissus (268/269)
Mainz
Battle of Lake Benacus (268 or 269)
Usurpation of Laelianus (269)
Reign of Marcus Aurelius Marius (269)
Zenobia Invasion of Egypt (269)
Capture of Athens (269)
Augustodunum Haeduorum
Reign of Victorinus (269–271)
Palmyrene Empire (270–273)
Zenobia Campaign Against Probus (270)
Vandal Invasion (270)
Usurpation of Victorinus Junior (271)
Junthungi Invasion (271)
Domitianus II (271)
Tetricus I & Tetricus II (271–274)
Rebellion of Felicissimus (270s)
Battle of Placentia (271)
Battle of Fano (271)
Battle of Pavia (271)
Battle of Tyana (272)
Battle of Antioch (272)
Battle of Immae (272)
Battle of Emesa (272)
Razing of Palmyra (273)
Usurpation of Faustinus (c. 273)
Battle of Chalons (274)

Maeonius (d. 266/267), or Maconius, was a short-lived Roman usurper. He is also known with the names of Odaenathus (Syncellus I p717) and Rufinus (Continuator of Cassius Dio frg. 166).

Zenobia sentences to death Maeonius, the murderer of her husband Odaenathus, end of 16th century, Bruxelles manufacture

Life

He was the nephew (according to Zonaras xii.24) or the cousin (according to Historia Augusta, which lists him among the Thirty Tyrants) of Odaenathus of Palmyra, who had taken control of the Eastern provinces after the defeat and capture of Emperor Valerian by Shapur I of the Sassanid Empire.

According to Historia Augusta, Maeonius killed Odaenathus and his son Hairan during a celebration, because of a conspiracy organized by Zenobia, wife of Odaenathus, who wanted her sons to succeed her husband instead of Hairan (who was the son of Odaenathus by another woman); According to Gibbon, the murder was revenge for a short confinement imposed by Odaenathus to Maeonius for being unrespectful.

Zonaras tells that Maeonius was killed immediately after the murder of Odaenathus, while Historia has Maeonius proclaiming himself emperor, with Zenobia having had him soon killed, in order to take the power for herself.

References

Gibbon, Edward, The Decline And Fall Of The Roman Empire, "Chapter XI: Reign Of Claudius, Defeat Of The Goths. -- Part III."
The Lives of the Thirty Pretenders, at LacusCurtius

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