Cardinham
| Cardinham | |
| Cornish: Kardhinan | |
 Cardinham Church |
|
  Cardinham |
|
| Population | 625 (Civil Parish, 2011) |
|---|---|
| OS grid reference | SX122687 |
| Civil parish | Cardinham |
| Unitary authority | Cornwall |
| Ceremonial county | Cornwall |
| Region | South West |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | BODMIN |
| Postcode district | PL30 |
| Dialling code | 01208 |
| Police | Devon and Cornwall |
| Fire | Cornwall |
| Ambulance | South Western |
| EU Parliament | South West England |
| UK Parliament | North Cornwall |
Coordinates: 50°29′20″N 4°38′53″W / 50.489°N 4.648°W
Cardinham (Cornish: Kardhinan) (the spelling 'Cardynham' is almost obsolete) is a civil parish and a village in mid Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. The village is situated approximately three-and-a-half miles (6 km), east-northeast of Bodmin.[1] The hamlets of Fletchersbridge, Millpool, Milltown, Mount, Old Cardinham Castle and Welltown are in the parish.[2]
Large areas which were once deciduous woodland are now plantations of conifers known as Cardinham Woods and managed by the Forestry Commission. Edmund John Glynn, of Glynn House in the parish, rebuilt the house at Glynn in 1805 (it has a front of nine bays and a portico).[3]
Early history
Richard Fitz Turold (Thorold) was an Anglo-Norman landowner of the eleventh century, mentioned in the Domesday Survey. He had a castle at Cardinham,[4] where he was a major tenant and steward of Robert of Mortain. The holding included the manor of Penhallam.[5] His son was William Fitz Richard of Cardinham. Restormel Castle belonged to the Cardinhams in the 12th century, until Andrew de Cardinham's daughter married Thomas de Tracey. Cardinham Castle remained in the family (succeeded by the Dinhams) until the 14th century and later became a ruin.[6] The manor of Cardinham is one of the few where the custom of Free Bench is recorded: by this a widow could retain tenure of the land until she remarried.
The Tenant-in-chief of the manor of Glynn as recorded in the Domesday Book (1086) was Robert, Count of Mortain; when it was one of several manors held by Osferth of Okehampton, County Devon, who had also held it before 1066 and paid tax for 1 virgate of land. There was land for 2 ploughs. There were 1 plough, 1 serf, 2 villeins, 6 smallholders, 100 acres of woodland, 40 acres of pasture, 4 unbroken mares, 2 cows, 24 sheep and 7 goats. The value of the manor was 10 shillings though it has formerly been worth £2 sterling.[7]
Parish church
The parish church is dedicated to St Meubred: it has north and south aisles and a tower of granite. The chancel suffered bomb damage in World War II. Two freestanding Celtic crosses of stone, bearing inscriptions in Latin have been found in Cardinham; both had been embedded in the walls of the fifteenth-century church and were moved after their discovery to the churchyard. One has been dated to the fifth to eighth centuries, the other to the tenth or eleventh centuries:[8] Langdon (1896) also records five other stone crosses in the parish. In the church is the brass of Thomas Awmarle, rector of Cardinham, d. 1401?[9]
Notable residents
- Lieutenant General Hussey Vivian, 1st Baron Vivian, GCB, GCH, PC (1775–1842), lived at Glynn House
- Peter D. Mitchell, biochemist and Nobel Prize winner, founded Glynn Research Ltd in Glynn House.
- Cassie Patten, the British Olympic swimmer, was born at Cardinham.
- John Penrose, born in Cardinham, where his father, also named John, was vicar of the parish. He was afterwards Vicar of Poundstock.
See also
References
- ↑ Ordnance Survey: Landranger map sheet 200 Newquay & Bodmin ISBN 978-0-319-22938-5
- ↑ Cornwall; Explore Britain
- ↑ Pevsner, N. (1970) Cornwall, 2nd ed. Penguin Books
- ↑ Flying Past - The Historic Environment of Cornwall: The First Farms
- ↑ Pastscape - Detailed Result: PENHALLAM MANOR
- ↑ Cornish Church Cuide (1925) Truro: Blackford; pp. 71-72
- ↑ Thorn, C. et al., ed. (1979) Cornwall, Chichester: Phillimore; entry 5,13,5
- ↑ see the discussion and bibliography in Elisabeth Okasha, Corpus of early Christian inscribed stones of South-west Britain (Leicester: University Press, 1993), pp. 85-90.
- ↑ Dunkin, E. (1882) Monumental Brasses. London, Spottiswoode
- Soulsby, Ian N. (1976) Richard Fitz Turold, Lord of Penhallam, Cornwall, in: Medieval Archaeology; vol. 20 (1976) pp. 146–48, online PDF
- Davis, Philip. "Cardinham Castle". Retrieved 2009-05-24.
External links
Media related to Cardinham at Wikimedia Commons
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
