Mansfield school desegregation incident
The Mansfield school desegregation incident is a 1956 event in the Civil Rights Movement in Mansfield, Texas, a suburb of the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex.
In 1956, the Mansfield Independent School District was segregated and still sent its black children to separate, run down facilities, despite the Brown v. Board of Education court decision in 1954. Three students brought a suit with the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. It became the first school district in the state ordered by a federal court to desegregate. The school board approved the measure and allowed Mansfield High School to desegregate. Although other districts in Texas desegregated quietly that fall, the mayor and police chief of Mansfield did not approve of this measure. When school started on August 30 of 1956, they joined over 300 whites in front of Mansfield High School. Their goal was to prevent the enrollment of the three black students. The town turned into complete turmoil as 3 blacks were hanged in effigy as part of the demonstration.[1]
Texas Governor Allan Shivers supported the protests, and even dispatched Texas Rangers to prevent integration. He then authorized the Mansfield Independent School District to send its black students to Fort Worth, Texas. By doing this the school district had effectively ignored a federal court order for integration.[2]
After the transfer of the black students to Fort Worth, the demonstrations soon ended and order was restored. It was this success that in 1957 inspired Arkansas Governor Orval Faubus to attempt a similar ordeal in Little Rock, Arkansas. Later that year, Texas passed more segregation laws that delayed integration even further.
Facing the lack of federal funds, The Mansfield Independent School District quietly desegregated in 1965. [3] The decade long defiance of a federal school integration order was one of the longest in the nation during that period. [4]
References
- ↑ http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/jcm02
- ↑ http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/jcm02
- ↑ http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/jcm02
- ↑ http://www.blackpast.org/aaw/mansfield-texas-school-desegregation-incident-1955-1965
Further reading
- Ladino, Robyn Duff (1996). Desegregating Texas Schools: Eisenhower, Shivers, and the Crisis at Mansfield High. Austin, Texass: University of Texas Press. ISBN 9780292746923.
- McArthur, Judith N.; Smith, Harold L. (2010). Texas Through Women's Eyes: The Twentieth-Century Experience. Austin, Texas: University of Texas Press. ISBN 9780292778351.
External links
- Mansfield School Desegregation Incident at the Handbook of Texas Online