McCarran International Airport

"Las Vegas Airport" redirects here. For the airport in Las Vegas, New Mexico, see Las Vegas Municipal Airport.
McCarran International Airport
IATA: LASICAO: KLASFAA LID: LAS
WMO: 72386
Summary
Airport type Public
Owner Clark County
Operator Clark County Department of Aviation
Serves Las Vegas Valley
Location Paradise, Nevada
Focus city for
Elevation AMSL 2,181 ft / 665 m
Coordinates 36°04′48″N 115°09′08″W / 36.08000°N 115.15222°W / 36.08000; -115.15222Coordinates: 36°04′48″N 115°09′08″W / 36.08000°N 115.15222°W / 36.08000; -115.15222
Website mccarran.com
Maps

FAA diagram
LAS

Location in Las Vegas

Runways
Direction Length Surface
ft m
1L/19R 8,988 2,740 Concrete
1R/19L 9,771 2,978 Concrete
7L/25R 14,512 4,423 Asphalt
7R/25L 10,525 3,208 Concrete
Statistics (2015)
Aircraft operations 530,330
Passengers 45,389,074
Based aircraft 130
Sources: ACI[1] and FAA[2] Airport's Web Page[3]

McCarran International Airport (IATA: LAS, ICAO: KLAS, FAA LID: LAS) is the main commercial airport for the Las Vegas Valley and Clark County, Nevada, United States. It is about 5 miles (8.0 km) south of downtown Las Vegas, in the unincorporated area of Paradise in Clark County. It covers roughly 2,800 acres (1,100 ha), with four runways and two terminals. McCarran is owned by Clark County and operated by the Clark County Department of Aviation (DOA).[2] The airport is named after former Nevada senator Pat McCarran (1876–1954).[4]

McCarran is the 24th busiest airport by passenger traffic in the world, with 41,856,787 passengers passing through the airport in 2013.[1] In terms of aircraft movements, the airport ranks 8th in the world with 527,739 takeoffs and landings.[5] The airport is a focus city and the largest operating base for Allegiant Air, Southwest Airlines and Frontier Airlines.[6] In February 2012, McCarran also became a crew and maintenance base for Spirit Airlines.[7] Between November 2014 and October 2015, the busiest scheduled airlines flying out of McCarran were Southwest Airlines (44%), United Airlines (9%), Delta Air Lines (9%), American Airlines (9%), and Spirit Airlines (7%).[8] Canadian airline WestJet is McCarran’s largest international carrier, transporting roughly 1.1 million passengers in 2014 and connecting Las Vegas with 12 cities in Canada.[9]

History

Beginnings

Postcard depicting Senator McCarran at the original McCarran Field, 1941

Anderson Field was the first airport to serve Las Vegas, opening in November 1920.[10][11] Purchased by the Rockwell brothers in 1925,[10] the airfield was renamed Rockwell Field, and Western Air Express (WAE) introduced commercial air service in April 1926.[10][11] When the brothers sold Rockwell Field and the new owner canceled WAE's lease, the airline had to look for another airport.[12] Local businessman P. A. Simon had built an airfield northeast of the city;[12] WAE moved here in November 1929.[11]

Despite rising passenger numbers, WAE reduced service to Las Vegas amid the Great Depression. However, the situation improved by the late 1930s.[11] Western Air Express bought the airfield and established a monopoly on flights to it.[12] When the city attempted to purchase the field and build a more modern terminal, WAE refused. With the advent of World War II, however, WAE was pressured to sell the airfield.[12] Nevadan Senator Pat McCarran helped obtain federal funding for the city to buy the field and construct a new terminal. He also helped establish a gunnery school by the United States Army Air Corps at the field.[11] For the senator's contributions, the airport was named McCarran Field in 1941.[13]

The gunnery school was closed in 1945 after the end of World War II. However, the Army later wanted to reopen its base, provided commercial air traffic was moved to another airport.[11] Aviator George Crockett agreed to sell his airfield, Alamo Field, to the county. The field had been established in 1942 and had grown into a major general aviation facility.[11] Alamo Field also took Senator McCarran's name, becoming McCarran Field on December 19, 1948.[11][13] The opening of this new airfield broke Western Air Express' monopoly on flights to Las Vegas, allowing other airlines to serve the market.[12] Meanwhile, the Army reopened its base at the original McCarran Field in 1949 and named it Nellis Air Force Base in 1950.[14]

Early expansion

In its first year of operation, McCarran Field handled over 35,000 passengers.[13] As Las Vegas' casino industry grew and air travel became more popular during the 1950s, passenger traffic to the airfield rose significantly, with 959,603 passengers transiting through it in 1959.[13] To cope with the increase, airport officials began planning a new passenger terminal. While the original terminal was located on Las Vegas Boulevard, the new terminal was built on Paradise Road.[15] The terminal, whose design was inspired by the TWA Flight Center in New York City,[15] opened on March 15, 1963.[13]

The airport was officially renamed McCarran International Airport in September 1968.[16] Further expansion took place between 1970 and 1974 with the construction of the A and B gates.[13] After the airline industry was deregulated in 1978, the number of airlines serving McCarran doubled from seven to fourteen in only two years.[13] In response, the county launched an expansion plan named McCarran 2000, detailing expansion projects to be undertaken into the year 2000.[17] Expanded baggage claim facilities and a parking garage were inaugurated in 1985, followed by the C Gates in 1987.[16]

Further expansion took place during the 1990s. The Charter/International Terminal, later renamed Terminal 2, was opened in December 1991 to handle rising international traffic to Las Vegas.[16] An additional, nine-story parking garage[18] and an underground tunnel linking the Las Vegas Beltway to the airport were constructed as well.[19] In June 1998, the southwest and southeast wings of the D Gates were opened, connected to the main terminal by an underground tram link.[20]

During the late 1990s, the airport focused on attracting foreign airlines.[21] In 1994, Condor Flugdienst began charter flights from Germany, launching scheduled service from Cologne and Frankfurt in 1997.[22] Northwest Airlines[23] and Japan Airlines[24] introduced flights from Tokyo in 1998, and Virgin Atlantic began flying from London–Gatwick in 2000.[25]

Innovation and D Gates completion

The finished D Gates in May 2009, with Terminal 3 under construction in the background

In 1997, the airport introduced Common Use Terminal Equipment (CUTE), becoming the first airport in the country to do so.[26] With multiple airlines serving McCarran, it became inefficient to have separate facilities for each airline.[27] CUTE allows for shared use of ticket counters and gates; an airline can overflow to inactive facilities during peak times.[27][28]

McCarran furthered its common use strategy in 2003 with the SpeedCheck system, introducing Common-Use Self-Service (CUSS) kiosks.[29] The kiosks allow passengers to check-in and print boarding passes for any one of multiple airlines. Previously, airlines had been installing their own check-in kiosks, defeating the use of CUTE and increasing congestion at the ticket counters.[26] SpeedCheck kiosks have also been installed at the Las Vegas Convention Center.[30]

In January 2005, McCarran began offering complimentary Wi-Fi throughout its passenger terminals.[31] The service initially covered 1,700,000 square feet (160,000 m2), making it the largest free Wi-Fi zone among U.S. airports at the time.[32]

The northeast wing of the D Gates opened in April 2005, along with a 160 feet (49 m) air traffic control tower at the center of the concourse.[33] The expansion had been postponed following the September 11 attacks but resumed amid high growth in passenger traffic.[34]

In late 2005, the airport started a baggage-tracking system using radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags.[35] Small RFID transmitters are inserted into baggage tags to improve bag identification, thereby lowering the risk for lost or misplaced luggage. McCarran became one of the first airports worldwide to conduct RFID tagging on a large scale.[36]

On August 19, 2008, US Airways closed its night-flight hub at McCarran Airport,[37] which had been established by predecessor America West Airlines in the 1990s.[38] In order to maximize the use of its fleet,[39] US Airways had been operating two banks of flights to and from McCarran in the middle of the night.[37] The operation had made US Airways the second-busiest carrier at McCarran, providing over 100 daily round-trip flights.[37] However, amid rising oil prices and continued demand for low fares, the airline decided to close the hub.[37][40] In 2011, US Airways reduced flights to Las Vegas by an additional 40%.[41]

In September 2008, the northwest wing of the D Gates was completed.[16] This marked the completion of the concourse, which has a total of 44 gates.[42]

Terminal 3

Terminal 3 opened on June 27, 2012.[43] The project was announced in January 2001 as a way to accommodate rapid growth in passenger traffic, including international traffic.[44] It came into question amid the 2008 recession and decreased tourism to Las Vegas, but the county decided to proceed with the project, anticipating eventual economic recovery and a rebound in passenger numbers.[45] Terminal 3 cost $2.4 billion to build,[43] making it the largest public works project in Nevada.[16] It replaces Terminal 2, providing more international gates and a larger U.S. Customs and Border Protection facility.[46] With its seven domestic gates, the terminal also eases congestion at Terminal 1.[47][48]

Runways

McCarran Airport has four runways. Runway 1L/19R is mainly used by private jets and the Janet fleet, but is sometimes used for commercial aircraft if needed. Runways 1R/19L, 7L/25R, and 7R/25L are all used by commercial aircraft. 7R/25L is typically used for arrivals while 7L/25R is mostly used for departures; the latter is preferred by widebody aircraft as it is the airport's longest runway at 14,512 feet (4,423 m).

Runway 7L/25R, McCarran's only asphalt runway, is being resurfaced with concrete. The $67 million project began on October 29, 2014, and is split into two stages. Following the completion of the first stage, resurfacing of the eastern half of the runway, 7L/25R was reopened on April 22, 2015.[49] It closed again on October 28 for resurfacing of the western half. The runway reopened on April 22, 2016.[50]

Terminals

Terminal 1

Baggage claim in Terminal 1
Check-in hall in Terminal 3

Terminal 1 is spread across four concourses: Concourse A (gates A3, A5, A7, A8, A10–12, A14, A15, A17–23), Concourse B (gates B1–B2, B6, B9–B12, B14, B15, B17, B19–B25), Concourse C (gates C1–C5, C7–C9, C11, C12, C14, C16, C19, C21–C25), and Concourse D (gates D1, D3–D12, D14, D16–D26, D31–D43, D50–D58). Ticketing and baggage claim facilities are located in a central area, connected to concourses A and B via walking pathways and to concourses C and D via a people mover system.

The terminal houses four lounges. Near the security checkpoint for concourses A and B is a USO lounge for American service members; Concourse D has a United Club (operated as a Crown Room Club for Delta Airlines between 1998 and 2001), The Club at LAS, and the American Express Centurion Lounge.

Concourse D

Concourse D is a satellite terminal, which opened in three stages between 1998 and 2009. While considered part of Terminal 1, the concourse also handles flights for Air Canada rouge, Air Transat, Frontier Airlines, Hawaiian Airlines, Sun Country Airlines, and United Airlines, whose ticketing and baggage claim facilities are located in Terminal 3. These facilities are connected to Concourse D via a separate line of the people mover system.

Terminal 3

Terminal 3, opened in June 2012, is used for all international flights and the domestic flights of Alaska Airlines, JetBlue Airways, and Virgin America. It contains 14 gates, the westernmost seven (E8–E12, E14–E15) used for domestic flights and the easternmost seven (E1–E7) used for international flights. Four of the latter gates are equipped with two jetways, making them capable of handling widebody aircraft.

Former Terminal 2

Terminal 2 was the former international terminal at McCarran. It originated as two separate buildings, one for PSA and the other for American Airlines.[51][52] As international traffic to McCarran grew, the PSA terminal was converted into an international terminal. The two buildings were later demolished to make room for a single international terminal, Terminal 2.[52] The terminal was constructed between 1986 and 1987[51] at a cost of US$37.3 million.[53] It opened on December 18, 1991, as the Charter/International Terminal.[53]

Terminal 2 had two stories and eight gates (T2-1 through T2-8), four of which were equipped to handle widebody aircraft.[51] It served all international flights to McCarran, as well as most charter flights and some domestic flights. As international traffic continued to rise, a new terminal, Terminal 3, was built. Following its opening, Terminal 2 was closed on June 28, 2012. Demolition of the terminal began in February 2016, and its parts will be recycled.[54]

Airlines and destinations

Passenger

AirlinesDestinationsTerminal-Concourse
Aeroméxico Mexico City, Monterrey 3-E
Air Canada Rouge Calgary, Montréal–Trudeau, Toronto–Pearson, Vancouver 3-D
Air Transat Seasonal: Toronto–Pearson 3-D
Alaska Airlines Portland (OR), Seattle/Tacoma
Seasonal: Anchorage, Bellingham
3-E
Alaska Airlines
operated by Horizon Air
Salt Lake City (ends September 6, 2016) 3-E
Allegiant Air Albuquerque (begins June 2, 2016),[55] Appleton, Austin, Belleville/St. Louis, Bellingham, Billings, Bismarck, Boise, Bozeman, Casper, Cedar Rapids/Iowa City, Chicago/Rockford, Cincinnati, Colorado Springs, Des Moines, El Paso, Eugene, Fargo, Fayetteville/Bentonville, Fresno, Grand Forks, Grand Island, Grand Junction, Grand Rapids, Great Falls, Honolulu, Idaho Falls, Indianapolis, Kalispell, Knoxville (resumes May 13, 2016),[56] Laredo, McAllen (TX), Medford, Memphis, Minot, Missoula, Monterey, Moline/Quad Cities, Oklahoma City, Peoria, Phoenix/Mesa, Rapid City, Reno/Tahoe, San Antonio, Santa Maria (CA), Santa Rosa (begins May 19, 2016),[55] Shreveport, Sioux Falls, South Bend, Springfield/Branson, Stockton, Tri-Cities (WA), Tulsa, Wichita
Seasonal: Montrose
1-A
American Airlines Charlotte, Chicago–O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, Los Angeles, Miami, New York–JFK, Philadelphia, Phoenix, Washington–National 1-D
Boyd Vacations Hawaii
operated by Omni Air International
Charter: Honolulu 1-A
British Airways London–Heathrow 3-E
Condor Frankfurt 3-E
Copa Airlines Panama City 3-E
Delta Air Lines Atlanta, Cincinnati, Detroit, Los Angeles, Minneapolis/St. Paul, New York–JFK, Salt Lake City, Seattle/Tacoma 1-D
Delta Connection Los Angeles, Salt Lake City, San Jose (CA), Seattle/Tacoma 1-D
Edelweiss Air Seasonal: Zürich 3-E
Frontier Airlines Atlanta, Austin, Chicago–O'Hare, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Colorado Springs, Columbus (OH) (begins June 1, 2016),[57] Denver, Houston–Intercontinental, Milwaukee, Miami, Orlando–International, Pittsburgh (begins June 17, 2016),[57] Salt Lake City (begins May 15, 2016),[58] San Antonio (begins May 15, 2016),[57] San Francisco, St. Louis,
Seasonal: Washington–Dulles
3-D
Hawaiian Airlines Honolulu 3-D
Interjet Guadalajara, Monterrey, Toluca (ends May 8, 2016)[59] 3-E
JetBlue Airways Boston, Fort Lauderdale, Long Beach, New York–JFK, San Francisco 3-E
Korean Air Seoul–Incheon 3-E
Magnicharters Charter: Monterrey 3-E
Norwegian Air Shuttle
operated by Norwegian Long Haul
Copenhagen, Oslo–Gardermoen (begins November 1, 2016),[60] Stockholm–Arlanda 3-E
Southwest Airlines Albany, Albuquerque, Amarillo, Atlanta, Austin, Baltimore, Birmingham (AL), Boise, Buffalo, Burbank, Chicago–Midway, Cleveland, Columbus (OH), Dallas–Love, Denver, Des Moines, Detroit, El Paso, Fort Lauderdale, Hartford, Houston–Hobby, Indianapolis, Kansas City, Little Rock, Los Angeles, Louisville, Lubbock, Midland/Odessa, Milwaukee, Nashville, New Orleans, Newark, Oakland, Oklahoma City, Omaha, Ontario, Orange County, Orlando–International, Philadelphia, Phoenix, Pittsburgh, Portland (OR), Raleigh/Durham, Reno/Tahoe, Sacramento, St. Louis, Salt Lake City, San Antonio, San Diego, San Francisco, San Jose (CA), Seattle/Tacoma, Spokane, Tampa, Tucson, Tulsa, Washington–Dulles, Wichita
Seasonal: Manchester (NH), Jacksonville (FL), Norfolk/Virginia Beach, Providence
1-B, 1-C
Spirit Airlines Atlanta, Baltimore, Boston, Chicago–O'Hare, Cleveland, Dallas/Fort Worth, Denver, Detroit, Houston–Intercontinental, Kansas City, Los Angeles, Minneapolis/St. Paul, New Orleans, Oakland, Philadelphia, Portland (OR), San Diego, Seattle/Tacoma
Seasonal: Fort Lauderdale
1-B
Sun Country Airlines Minneapolis/St. Paul 3-D
Sunwing Airlines Toronto–Pearson 3-E
Thomas Cook Airlines Manchester (UK)
Seasonal: Glasgow, London–Stansted
3-E
United Airlines Chicago–O'Hare, Denver, Houston–Intercontinental, Los Angeles, Newark, San Francisco, Washington–Dulles 3-D
United Express Denver, Los Angeles, San Francisco 3-D
Virgin America Dallas–Love, Los Angeles, New York–JFK, San Francisco
Seasonal: Boston
3-E
Virgin Atlantic London–Gatwick
Seasonal: Manchester (UK)
3-E
Volaris Guadalajara, Mexico City 3-E
WestJet Abbotsford, Calgary, Edmonton, Montréal–Trudeau, Regina, Saskatoon, Toronto–Pearson, Vancouver, Victoria, Winnipeg
Seasonal: Kelowna, Ottawa
3-E

Cargo

In October 2010, the Marnell Air Cargo Center was opened, replacing a smaller facility that existed in the Terminal 3 construction site.[61] Located just east of Terminal 3, the center cost $29 million to build and occupies 200,928 sq ft (18,666.8 m2).[62] Tenants include UPS, Allegiant Air, Worldwide Flight Services, Airport Terminal Services, Southwest Airlines, and FedEx.[63]

In 2015, the center handled 218,209,135 pounds (98,977,999 kg) of cargo.[64]

AirlinesDestinations
Aloha Air CargoHonolulu
FedEx ExpressMemphis, Oakland, Reno/Tahoe
UPS AirlinesLouisville, Ontario

Other terminal operations

An arriving Janet Boeing 737-600

Statistics

McCarran is a focus city for Allegiant Air.
Korean Air operates the only nonstop service between McCarran and Asia, flying from Seoul–Incheon with a Boeing 777-300ER
Volaris and Aeroméxico aircraft at Terminal 3

Top destinations

Busiest domestic routes from LAS (Feb 2015 – Jan 2016)[8]
Rank City Passengers Carriers
1 Los Angeles, California 1,279,000 American, Delta, Southwest, Spirit, United, Virgin America
2 San Francisco, California 1,088,000 Frontier, JetBlue, Southwest, United, Virgin America
3 Denver, Colorado 866,000 Frontier, Southwest, Spirit, United
4 Atlanta, Georgia 713,000 Delta, Frontier, Spirit, Southwest
5 Seattle/Tacoma, Washington 689,000 Alaska, Delta, Southwest
6 Chicago–O'Hare, Illinois 679,000 American, Frontier, Spirit, United
7 Phoenix, Arizona 676,000 American, Southwest, US Airways
8 Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas 662,000 American, Spirit
9 New York–JFK, New York 563,000 American, Delta, JetBlue, Virgin America
10 Minneapolis/St. Paul, Minnesota 517,000 Delta, Spirit, Sun Country

Top international carriers

Busiest international carriers from LAS
Rank Airline Passengers (2013)[9] Passengers (2014)[67] Passengers (2015)[68]
1 WestJet 1,019,942 1,104,994 1,067,217
2 Air Canada/Air Canada Rouge 508,340 631,620 715,340
3 Virgin Atlantic Airways 312,544 299,720 301,701
4 Aeroméxico 206,784 272,235 297,740
5 British Airways 293,353 292,837 295,137
6 Volaris 207,601 225,940 245,892
7 Copa Airlines 93,944 147,581 117,134
8 Thomas Cook Airlines 33,382 51,458 86,175
9 Korean Air 75,326 70,365 83,356
10 Condor 75,459 74,262 77,254

Annual traffic

Annual passenger traffic (enplaned + deplaned) at LAS, 1996 through 2015[69]
Year Passengers Year Passengers Year Passengers
201039,757,359200036,865,893
200940,469,012199933,715,129
200844,074,941199830,227,287
200747,729,527199730,315,094
200646,193,329199630,459,965
201545,389,074200544,267,368
201442,869,517200441,441,531
201341,857,059200336,265,932
201241,667,596200235,009,011
201141,481,204200135,179,960

Howard W. Cannon Aviation Museum

The Howard W. Cannon Aviation Museum is located on the Esplanade, Level 2, above the baggage claim area. The museum concentrates on Las Vegas’ airline history, and contains exhibits such as a copy of the first emergency vehicle that was used on the airfield. A small branch of the museum is located at the D gates, and some of the other concourses and check-in areas also have small displays. The current curator of the museum is Mark Hall-Patton, a 20th-century historian and administrator of the Clark County Museum, who has frequently appeared as an appraisal expert on the reality television series, Pawn Stars.[70][71]

Airport public art

Wall tiles at the D-Gates tram station

Some of the public art displays in McCarran Airport include:

Ground transportation

McCarran Airport is reached from Tropicana Avenue (State Route 593) to the north or the Las Vegas Beltway (Interstate 215) to the south. Vehicles enter the airport via the McCarran Airport Connector, which includes Paradise Road/Swenson Street and the airport tunnel.

The airport is served by various taxicab firms and by RTC Transit, the public bus service of the Las Vegas valley. RTC Transit services (Route 108, Route 109, Westcliff Airport Express, Centennial Express, indirectly the Strip and Downtown Express) provide transportation from downtown, the Strip, and other locations throughout the valley. Routes 108, 109 stop at Terminal 1 outside the Zero Level, the Centennial Express stops at terminal 3 and the Westcliff Airport Express stops at both. The Strip and Downtown Express goes to the South Strip Transfer Terminal and a short ride on the 109 gets you to the airport.[73] To transport passengers between terminals, a courtesy shuttle service is provided.[74]

A consolidated rental car facility opened in April 2007, located about 3 miles (4.8 km) from the airport. The facility, which sits on 68 acres (28 ha) of land, houses 11 rental car companies with 5,000 parking spaces on multiple levels. A fleet of 40 buses provides free transportation from the terminals to the facility.[75]

For parking, there are multistory parking garages located just off Terminals 1 and 3. There are also economy parking lots for the two terminals, which offer cheaper rates. Complimentary shuttles transport passengers between the terminals and economy lots.[76]

Accidents and incidents

Future plans

In 2007 airport officials estimated the maximum capacity for the airport at 53 million passengers and 625,000 aircraft movements per year. As McCarran was predicted to reach this capacity around 2017, Ivanpah Airport near Primm was planned as a relief airport in the late 1990s.[78] However, due to a downturn in traffic, the passenger count dropped to 39.8 million in 2010. Also, recently the FAA began making progress on the Next Generation Air Transportation System to allow more flights per hour essentially increasing capacity beyond 53 million passengers per year.[79] As of June 2011, the Ivanpah Airport is completing environmental assessments but is officially on hold while the Department of Aviation has asked airport planners to study adding additional gates to the former Terminal 2 site once Terminal 3 opens for additional capacity.[80]

Las Vegas Monorail connection

A plan to extend the Las Vegas Monorail to McCarran has been under consideration since the mid 2000s. This proposed extension will add underground stations at Terminal 1 and at Terminal 3.[81] The part of the extension north of the airport will be elevated. This expansion is opposed by taxi and limousine services who garner significant revenues shuttling the public to and from the airport.[82]

The monorail extension was not a favored option in the first draft of the 2015 Transportation Investment Business Plan, which instead recommended a new underground light rail system operating from McCarran to the Strip. Also recommended in the report is a multimodal interchange based at McCarran which would also house a station for a high-speed rail line to Los Angeles.[83][84]

See also

References

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  6. citation needed
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