Member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation

Member states of the OIC in green, observer states in red, blocked states in blue.

The Organisation of Islamic Cooperation founded in 1969 has 57 members, 56 of which are also member states of the United Nations. Some, especially in West Africa, are – though with large Muslim populations – not necessarily Muslim majority countries. A few countries with significant Muslim populations, such as Russia and Thailand, sit as Observer States, while others, such as India and Ethiopia, are not members.

The collective population of OIC member states is over 1.6 billion as of 2011.

Member states

Continent
Africa Asia Europe South America Transcontinental
Member state
Joined
Population
Area (km²)
Languages
Notes
 Afghanistan – Islamic Republic of Afghanistan
Capital: Kabul
1969 25,500,100 [1] 652,230 Pashto
Dari
Further details
Suspended 1980 - March 1989.
 Algeria – People's Democratic Republic of Algeria
Capital: Algiers
1969 38,700,000 [1] 2,381,741 Tamazight
Arabic
 Chad – Republic of Chad
Capital: N'Djamena
1969 13,211,000 [1] 1,284,000 Arabic
French
 Egypt – Arab Republic of Egypt
Capital: Cairo
1969 86,748,100 [1] 1,002,450 Arabic
Further details
Suspended May 1979 - March 1984 after signing a peace treaty with Israel.[2]
 Guinea – Republic of Guinea [note 1]
Capital: Conakry
1969 10,824,200 [1] 245,857 French
 Indonesia – Republic of Indonesia
Capital: Jakarta
1969 252,164,800 [1] 1,904,569 Bahasa Indonesia
Further details
Indonesia has five provinces with official special autonomy status: Aceh, Jakarta SCR, Yogyakarta SR, Papua, and West Papua.
 Iran – Islamic Republic of Iran
Capital: Tehran
1969 77,557,000 [1] 1,648,195 Persian
 Jordan – Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
Capital: Amman
1969 6,602,960 [1] 89,342 Arabic
 Kuwait – State of Kuwait
Capital: Kuwait City
1969 3,065,850 [1] 17,818 Arabic
 Lebanon – Lebanese Republic
Capital: Beirut
1969 4,966,000 [1] 10,452 Arabic
 Libya – State of Libya
Capital: Tripoli
1969 6,253,000 [1] 1,759,540 Arabic
 Malaysia
Capital: Kuala Lumpur
1969 30,180,000 [1] 330,803 Bahasa Malaysia
Further details
Malaysia is a federation of 13 states and three federal territories.
 Mali – Republic of Mali
Capital: Bamako
1969 15,768,000 [1] 1,240,192 French
Further details
Mali is a republic constituted by 8 regions.
 Mauritania – Islamic Republic of Mauritania
Capital: Nouakchott
1969 3,461,041 [1] 1,030,700 Arabic
 Morocco – Kingdom of Morocco
Capital: Rabat
1969 33,309,400 [1] 446,550 Tamazight
Arabic
Further details
Morocco claims sovereignty over Western Sahara and controls most of it, which is disputed by the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.
 Niger – Republic of Niger
Capital: Niamey
1969 17,138,707 [1] 1,267,000 French
 Pakistan – Islamic Republic of Pakistan
Capital: Islamabad
1969 188,020,000 [1] 881,912 English
Urdu
Further details
Pakistan is a federation of four provinces, 1 capital territory, and tribal regions. Pakistan disputes Indian sovereignty over Kashmir. It exercises control over some areas, but does not explicitly claim any part of it,[3][4] instead regarding it as a disputed territory.[5][6] The portions that it controls are divided into two polities, administered separately from Pakistan proper:[note 2]
 Palestine – State of Palestine [7]
Capital: Jerusalem (claims), Ramallah (administrative), Gaza City (administrative)
1969[8] 4,420,549 [1] 6,220 Arabic
Further details
The declared State of Palestine has received diplomatic recognition from 136 states.[9] The proclaimed state has no agreed territorial borders, or effective control on much of the territory that it proclaimed.[10] The Palestinian National Authority is an interim administrative body formed as a result of the Oslo Accords that exercises limited autonomous jurisdiction within the Palestinian territories. In foreign relations, Palestine is represented by the Palestine Liberation Organization. The State of Palestine is a member state of UNESCO,[11] and an observer state in the UN.
 Saudi Arabia – Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Capital: Riyadh
1969 29,994,272 [1] 2,149,690 Arabic
 Senegal – Republic of Senegal
Capital: Dakar
1969 12,873,601 [1] 196,722 French
 Somalia – Federal Republic of Somalia
Capital: Mogadishu
1969 10,806,000 [1] 637,657 Arabic
Somali
Further details
Following the adoption of the Provisional Federal Constitution in August 2012, Somalia is a federation, the Federal Republic of Somalia, which is divided into several Federal Member States.[12]
 Sudan – Republic of the Sudan
Capital: Khartoum
1969 37,289,406 [1] 1,886,068 Arabic
English
Further details
Sudan is a federation of 17 states. Disputes Abyei and Kafia Kingi with South Sudan.
 Tunisia – Republic of Tunisia
Capital: Tunis
1969 10,886,500 [1] 163,610 Arabic
 Turkey – Republic of Turkey
Capital: Ankara
1969 76,667,864 [1] 783,562 Turkish
Further details
Transcontinental country in Europe and Asia, classified as West Asian countries by the United Nations Statistics Division:  Turkey
 Yemen – Republic of Yemen
Capital: Sana'a
1969 25,235,000 [1] 527,968 Arabic
 Bahrain – Kingdom of Bahrain
Capital: Manama
1970 1,234,571 [1] 765 Arabic
 Oman – Sultanate of Oman
Capital: Muscat
1970 4,020,000 [1] 309,500 Arabic
 Qatar – State of Qatar
Capital: Doha
1970 2,174,035 [1] 11,586 Arabic
 Syria – Syrian Arab Republic
Capital: Damascus
1970 21,987,000 [1] 185,180 Arabic
Further details
The Syrian National Coalition, which is recognized as the legitimate representative of the Syrian people by 20 UN members, has established an interim government to rule rebel controlled territory during the Syrian civil war.

Syria has one self-declared autonomous region:

Suspended in August 2012 during the Syrian civil war.[13]

 United Arab Emirates
Capital: Abu Dhabi
1971 9,446,000 [1] 83,600 Arabic
Further details
The United Arab Emirates is a federation of seven emirates.
 Sierra Leone – Republic of Sierra Leone
Capital: Freetown
1972 6,190,280 [1] 71,740 English
 Bangladesh – People's Republic of Bangladesh
Capital: Dhaka
1974 156,569,000 [1] 147,570 Bengali
 Gabon – Gabonese Republic
Capital: Libreville
1974 1,711,000 [1] 267,668 French
 Gambia, The – Republic of the Gambia
Capital: Banjul
1974 1,882,450 [1] 11,295 English
 Guinea-Bissau – Republic of Guinea-Bissau
Capital: Bissau
1974 1,746,000 [1] 36,125 Portuguese
 Uganda – Republic of Uganda
Capital: Kampala
1974 35,357,000 [1] 241,550 English
Kiswahili
 Burkina Faso [note 3]
Capital: Ouagadougou
1975 35,357,000 [1] 241,550 French
 Cameroon – Republic of Cameroon
Capital: Yaoundé
1975 35,357,000 [1] 241,550 English
French
 Comoros – Union of the Comoros
Capital: Moroni
1976 743,798 [1] 1,862 Arabic
Comorian
French
Further details
Comoros is a federation of 3 islands.[note 4][14]
 Iraq – Republic of Iraq
Capital: Baghdad
1976 36,004,552 [1] 438,317 Arabic
Kurdish
Further details
Iraq is a federation [15] of 18 governorates, three of which make up the autonomous:
 Maldives – Republic of Maldives
Capital: Malé
1976 317,280 [1] 300 Dhivehi
 Djibouti – Republic of Djibouti
Capital: Djibouti
1978 886,000 [1] 23,200 Arabic
French
 Benin – Republic of Benin [note 5]
Capital: Porto-Novo
1982 9,988,068 [1] 112,622 French
 Brunei – Negara Brunei Darussalam
Capital: Bandar Seri Begawan
1984 393,162 [1] 5,765 Malay
Further details
Brunei is a nation constituted by 4 districts.
 Nigeria – Federal Republic of Nigeria
Capital: Abuja
1986 178,517,000 [1] 923,768 English
Further details
Nigeria is a federation of 36 states and 1 federal territory.
 Azerbaijan – Republic of Azerbaijan
Capital: Baku
1991 9,477,100 [1] 86,600 Azerbaijani
Further details
Azerbaijan contains two autonomous regions, Nakhchivan and Nagorno-Karabakh (Dağlıq Qarabağ).[note 6]

Transcontinental country in Europe and Asia, classified as West Asian countries by the United Nations Statistics Division:  Azerbaijan

 Albania – Republic of Albania
Capital: Tirana
1992 2,821,977 [1] 28,748 Albanian
Further details
Albania is a republic constituted by 12 counties.
 Kyrgyzstan – Kyrgyz Republic
Capital: Bishkek
1992 5,776,570 [1] 199,951 Kyrgyz
Russian
 Tajikistan – Republic of Tajikistan
Capital: Dushanbe
1992 8,160,000 [1] 143,100 Tajiki
Further details
Tajikistan contains 1 autonomous region, Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province.
 Turkmenistan
Capital: Ashgabat
1992 5,307,000 [1] 488,100 Turkmen
 Mozambique – Republic of Mozambique
Capital: Maputo
1994 23,700,715 [1] 801,590 Portuguese
 Kazakhstan – Republic of Kazakhstan
Capital: Astana
1995 17,244,000 [1] 2,724,900 Kazakh
Russian
Further details
Transcontinental country in Europe and Asia, classified as West Asian countries by the United Nations Statistics Division:  Kazakhstan
 Uzbekistan – Republic of Uzbekistan
Capital: Tashkent
1995 30,492,800 [1] 447,400 Uzbek
Further details
Uzbekistan contains 1 autonomous region:
 Suriname – Republic of Suriname
Capital: Paramaribo
1996 534,189 [1] 163,820 Dutch
 Togo – Togolese Republic
Capital: Lomé
1997 6,993,000 [1] 56,785 French
 Guyana – Co-operative Republic of Guyana
Capital: Georgetown
1998 784,894 [1] 214,969 English
 Ivory Coast – Republic of Côte d'Ivoire
Capital: Yamoussoukro
2001 23,202,000 [1] 322,463 French

Observer states

Member state
Joined
Population
Area (km²)
Languages
Notes
 Bosnia and Herzegovina
Capital: Sarajevo
1994 3,791,622 [1] 51,209 Bosnian
Serbian
Croatian
Further details
Bosnia and Herzegovina is a federation of two constituent units:

and Brčko District, a self-governing administrative unit.[note 7]

 Central African Republic
Capital: Bangui
1997 4,709,000 [1] 622,984 French
 Northern Cyprus – Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
Capital: Nicosia
1979 [16] 294,906 [1] 3,355 Turkish
Further details
Recognised only by Turkey. Under the name "Turkish Cypriot State", it is an observer state of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation and the Economic Cooperation Organization. Northern Cyprus is claimed in whole by the Republic of Cyprus.[17]
  • Designation changed in 2004[18]
  • Egypt, Iran and the United Arab Emirates requested at September 2014's summit of the OIC in New York that the Turkish Cypriot State not be referred to in the meeting conclusions.[19][20][21]
  • OIC SG received the president and foreign minister of Northern Cyprus.[22][23]
 Thailand – Kingdom of Thailand
Capital: Bangkok
1998 64,456,700 [1] 513,120 Thai
Further details
Thailand is a kingdom constituted by 76 provinces.
 Russia – Russian Federation
Capital: Moscow
2005 146,048,500 [1] 17,125,242 Russian
Further details
Russia is officially a federation of 85 federal subjects (republics, oblasts, krais, autonomous okrugs, federal cities, and an autonomous oblast).[note 8]

Russia effectively administers Crimea as two federal subjects:

The Treaty on Accession of the Republic of Crimea to Russia was signed between representatives of the Republic of Crimea (including Sevastopol, with which the rest of Crimea briefly unified) and the Russian Federation on 18 March 2014 to lay out terms for the immediate admission of the Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol as federal subjects of Russia and part of the Russian Federation. It was ratified by the Federal Assembly by March 21.

Transcontinental countries in Europe and Asia, classified as Eastern Europen countries by the United Nations Statistics Division:  Russia

Withdrawn

Suspended or withdrawn state Joined Notes
 Zanzibar 1993 Withdrew August 1993

Observer organisations and communities

Organisation or community Joined Notes
Moro National Liberation Front 1977 Blocking membership of the Philippines

Observer Islamic institutions

Islamic institution Joined Notes
Parliamentary Union of the OIC Member States 2000
Islamic Conference Youth Forum for Dialogue and Cooperation 2005

Observer international organisations

Organisation Joined Notes
League of Arab States 1975
United Nations 1976
Non-Aligned Movement 1977
African Union 1977
Economic Cooperation Organisation 1995

Membership attempts

Notes

  1. Also known as Guinea-Conakry.
  2. Sovereignty over Kashmir is disputed between India and Pakistan; smaller parts are disputed by the People's Republic of China and the Republic of China. Kashmir is divided between India, Pakistan and the PRC. See the List of territorial disputes.
  3. Also known as Burkina; formerly referred to as Upper Volta, its official name until 1984.
  4. More information on more or less federal structures can be found at a List of federations.
  5. Formerly referred to as Dahomey, its official name until 1975.
  6. In Nagorno-Karabakh, a de facto state has been established.
  7. For more information about the division of Bosnia and Herzegovina, see Dayton Agreement and the text of The General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina (14 December 1995). Office of the High Representative. Retrieved 28 February 2011.
  8. Several of the federal subjects are ethnic republics.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 World Population Clocks 6 July 2014"U.S. & World Population Clocks". Census.gov. 2014-02-17. Retrieved 2014-02-17.
  2. "Timeline: Organisation of the Islamic Conference". BBC. Retrieved 8 July 2013.
  3. Constitution of Pakistan, Art. 1.
  4. Aslam, Tasnim (11 December 2006). "'Pakistan Does Not Claim Kashmir As An Integral Part...'". Outlook India (The Outlook Group).
  5. Williams, Kristen P. (2001). Despite nationalist conflicts: theory and practice of maintaining world peace. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 154–155. ISBN 978-0-275-96934-9.
  6. Pruthi, R.K. (2001). An Encyclopaedic Survey Of Global Terrorism In 21St Century. Anmol Publications Pvt. Ltd. pp. 120–121. ISBN 978-81-261-1091-9.
  7. The State of Palestine succeeded the seat of the Palestine Liberation Organization following the 1988 Palestinian Declaration of Independence.
  8. OIC member states
  9. Palestine Liberation Organization. "Road For Palestinian Statehood: Recognition and Admission". Negotiations Affairs Department. Retrieved 2011-07-28.
  10. See the following on statehood criteria:
  11. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. "Arab States: Palestine". United Nations. Retrieved 3 December 2011.
  12. "The Federal Republic of Somalia - Harmonized Draft Constitution" (PDF). Federal Republic of Somalia. Retrieved 2 August 2012.
  13. "Organization of Islamic Cooperation suspends Syria’s membership". Al Arabiya. 2012-08-13. Retrieved 2012-08-13.
  14. Constitution of Comoros, Art. 1.
  15. Source: Iraqi constitution
  16. OIC observers
  17. See The World Factbook|Cyprus (10 January 2006). Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved January 17, 2006.
  18. The Turkish Cypriot community of Cyprus became an OIC “observer community” in 1979 under the name “Turkish Muslim community of Cyprus”. The 31st OIC Meeting of Foreign Ministers which met in Istanbul in June 2004, decided that the Turkish Cypriot Community (represented by the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus) will participate in the OIC meetings under the name envisaged in the Annan Plan for Cyprus (i.e. “Turkish Cypriot constituent state of the United Cyprus Republic” or Turkish Cypriot State in short). OIC Official Website
  19. The World Bulletin news: Egypt's Sisi demands Turkish Cypriots removed from OIC
  20. Egypt's Sisi tells Turks to get out of Cyprus
  21. OIC says «NO» to «Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus»
  22. OICOIC Secretary General receives Foreign Minister Turkish Cypriot State
  23. OICMadani meets...the President of TRNC...
  24. 1 2 3 "Le Secrétariat général demande d'accélérer l'adoption du Règlement portant conditions d'obtention du statut d'observateur auprès de l'OCI" (in French). Organisation of Islamic Cooperation. 2011-01-17. Retrieved 2013-08-02.
  25. 1 2 3 "Serbia requests OIC observer status". B92. 2011-07-01. Retrieved 2012-11-28.
  26. "Brazil Requests To Join OIC As Observer State". IPOTNEWS. 2011-05-16. Retrieved 2013-08-02.
  27. 1 2 Chickrie, Ray (2011-06-13). "Brazil to join Guyana and Suriname in Islamic bloc". Caribbean News Now!. Retrieved 2012-11-28.
  28. "China seeks to be OIC observer member". New Straits Times. 2012-06-28. Retrieved 2013-08-03.
  29. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "OIC Secretary General Calls for Early Adoption of Rules for Access to Observer Status". Organisation of Islamic Cooperation. 2011-01-17. Retrieved 2013-08-02.
  30. Mustafa El-Feki: http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2005/730/in1.htm An Indo-Arab blunder? Al-Ahram, February 17–23, 2005.
  31. Iran to view favourably India's entry into OIC : The HinduJuly 21, 2000.
  32. Observer status for India at OIC: King Abdullah Expressindia.com, January 22, 2006.
  33. Pak disapproves Saudi king's comments on India's OIC entry Rediff News, January 23, 2006.
  34. "RP nears observer status in OIC - DFA - INQUIRER.net, Philippine News for Filipinos". Globalnation.inquirer.net. 2009-05-26. Retrieved 2011-03-25.
  35. "EZ2 Lotto Luzon | Manila Bulletin". Mb.com.ph. 2009-04-15. Retrieved 2011-03-25.
  36. "RP closer to becoming observer-state in Organization of Islamic Conference | Home >> The Filipino Global Community >> Philippines". Philstar.com. 2009-05-29. Retrieved 2011-03-25.
  37. "DFA: ‘Technicalities’ blocking RP bid for OIC observer status - Nation - GMA News Online - Latest Philippine News". Gmanews.tv. Retrieved 2011-03-25.
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