Mirna (settlement)

Mirna

Mirna and the Mirna Valley as seen from above St. Helena's Church
Mirna

Location in Slovenia

Coordinates: 45°56′51.19″N 15°3′59.04″E / 45.9475528°N 15.0664000°E / 45.9475528; 15.0664000Coordinates: 45°56′51.19″N 15°3′59.04″E / 45.9475528°N 15.0664000°E / 45.9475528; 15.0664000
Country Slovenia
Traditional region Lower Carniola
Statistical region Southeast Slovenia
Municipality Mirna (from 2011)
Area
  Total 3.9 km2 (1.5 sq mi)
Elevation 263 m (863 ft)
Population (1 January 2012)
  Total 1,371
  Density 347/km2 (900/sq mi)
Area code(s) 07
Website www.mirna.si
[1][2]

Mirna (pronounced [ˈmiːɾna]; German: Neydeck[3] or Neudegg[4]) is a nucleated village[5] and a minor economic centre[6] in central Lower Carniola, Slovenia.[7] It is the largest settlement of the Mirna Valley and the centre of the Municipality of Mirna.[5] It is situated at the crossing of regional roads and a confluence of several creeks with the Mirna River, along the railway line linking Sevnica and Trebnje.[5]

History

Mirna was first mentioned in 1180.[5]

Geography

The village lies at the westernmost part of the Mirna–Mokronog basin in the Mirna Valley, mainly at raised terraces safe from flooding. To the southwest from Mirna stretches the Vejar Basin, connected with the Mirna–Mokronog basin by a narrow glen.[8] It is included into the statistical region of Southeastern Slovenia.[9][10]

The crossroad of the regional roads R1-215, connecting Trebnje and Mokronog, and R2-417, connecting Mirna, Tihaboj, and Moravče,[11] and the confluence of the Lipoglavščica, the Zabrščica, and the Vejar Creeks with the Mirna are located in the settlement.[5] The part of the R1-215 road traversing Mirna was until July 1996 named 3rd Battalion of the Army of the National Security Street (Cesta III. bataljona VDV) and is now named Main Street (Glavna cesta).[12]

The larger part of the older part of Mirna is situated on the left bank of the river, and a smaller part on the right bank.[9] Both parts are connected with a stone bridge dating to the 18th century and a wooden footbridge next to it.[9][13] The oldest part of the town with St. John's the Baptist church lies at the foot and the southwestern slope of the Trbinc Hill, whereas the younger part has grown at the ridge on the other side of the Mirna river, which turns 90° here.[14] The lowest parts along the Mirna banks have been settled by industry, which employs people from the whole basin as well as the nearby hilly areas.[4]

Mirna Pond

Due to its basin location and a temperature inversion, Mirna has a bit lower average temperatures (around 9 °C or 48 °F) and more hot (above 25 °C or 77 °F) and cold (below 0 °C or 32 °F) days than the villages on hills.[15] There is also less wind, the predominant being the north and the southwestern wind. There is more fog, particularly from August to January.[16] The average annual precipitation is 1,165 mm (45.9 in), classifying the climate of the area as moist. It occurs all over the year, least in winter (January and February) and more in summer (June, July, and August) as well as in autumn (November).[17]

Outside the village, near the western border of the settlement,[1] stands Mirna Castle (Grad Mirna). It is situated on a relief pier, at the extreme edge of the Upper Hill (Gorenjska Gora).[18] Mirna Pond (ribnik Mirna), used as a swimming pool in the past and now primarily by fishermen,[19] is situated under the castle. It was created at the end of the 1960s[20] by damming of the Vejar.[9] A jogging path leads past it.[20] There are also the confluence of the Mirna and the Vejar[21] and a bridge across the Mirna.[13] A plain with flood-meadows stretches from the castle to the village.[22][23]

Mirna Cave (Jama pri Mirni), also known as Roje Cave (Jama na Rojah), (45°57′21″N 15°03′35″E / 45.95596°N 15.05959°E / 45.95596; 15.05959), is a fossil (i.e. not forming anymore) and isolated karst spring cave[24] situated in the northern part of the settlement.[25] It is 115 metres (377 ft) long and 7 m (23 ft) deep.[25] It was discovered on 8 September 1939 by the Underground Cave Exploration Society (Društvo za raziskavanje podzemskih jam) from Ljubljana.[25][26] It serves as an illegal waste dump.[27]

Economy and demographics

Until the middle of the 19th century, the inhabitants made their living by farming. Then, a spinning mill and a tannery appeared in the settlement. Since 1908, a railway has connected Mirna with the towns of Trebnje and Sevnica, with a station in the southern part of the settlement. The settlement was electrified after 1920.[5] Due to the development of infrastructure, the existence of trades, the start of industry, and a vision, Mirna surpassed nearby Šentrupert and Mokronog as the centre of the Mirna Valley.[5][9] Currently, Mirna is industrially the most developed settlement in the valley with the largest number of workplaces.[5] Major companies in Mirna include Dana, Droga Kolinska, Tomplast, and JGZ Pohorje.[9] Tourism has been gaining in importance.[5]

Since 1961, the number of inhabitants in Mirna has tripled.[9] It was 292 in 1869, 274 in 1900, 417 in 1931, 550 in 1961, 882 in 1971, 1183 in 1981, 1500 in 1991, 1465 in 2002, and 1374 in 2010.[5] The local dialect is the Eastern Lower Carniolan subdialect.[28]

Sport

The ski jumping hill in Mirna

The main sports practiced in Mirna are association football, badminton, and ski jumping. The Mirna Football Club was established in 1967 and as of June 2012 has about 120 registered players, up to 14 years old.[29] The Mirna Badminton Club was established in 1991 and reaches the highest places among Slovenian clubs.[29] The most known ski jumper from Mirna is Maja Vtič, who placed fifth in the 2011 World Championship. A ski jumping hill stands behind the building of the Mirna Post Office in the western part of the settlement.[29][30] It is eight meters (26 ft) tall and was completed in 2011.[31]

Municipal centre

Mirna was a municipal centre before World War II. After the war, it was a municipal centre from the establishment of municipalities in Slovenia in 1952 until 1959, when the Municipality of Mirna merged with the Municipality of Trebnje.[9]

In November 2009, residents of the parish of Mirna voted in a referendum in support of secession from the Municipality of Trebnje and the establishment of an independent municipality,[32] but the act enacting this was rejected in April 2010 by the National Assembly, mainly because it also included the establishment of the Municipality of Ankaran.[33]

On 1 February 2011, the National Assembly passed another act on the establishment of the Municipality of Mirna.[34] That happened after the Constitutional Court of Slovenia had ordered in December 2010 the National Assembly to establish the Municipality of Mirna within two months and to call the election to its municipal council within 20 days after the establishment.[35][36] Mirna regained its position as a municipal centre on 26 February 2011.[9][10]

Main sights

The central bridge over the Mirna River and the Gothic church of Saint John the Baptist
Mirna Castle

The main sights in Mirna are:

Notable people

The following prominent Slovenes have been associated with Mirna:

References

  1. 1 2 "Mirna" (Map). Geopedia.si (in Slovenian) (Geodetic Institute of Slovenia). Retrieved 9 February 2011.
  2. "Mirna". Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia. Retrieved 9 February 2011.
  3. 1 2 Frelih Ribič, Majda (24 May 2010). "Panorama Šentruperta iz časa 1680" [A View of Šentrupert from 1680] (PDF). ŠentRUPERT (in Slovenian) 12 (2) (Municipality of Šentrupert).
  4. 1 2 Topole, Maja (1998). "Naselja in prebivalstvo" [Settlements and Population]. Mirnska dolina: regionalna geografija porečja Mirne na Dolenjskem [Mirna Valley: The Regional Geography of the Mirna Basin in the Lower Carniola] (in Slovenian). Scientific Research Centre, Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts. p. 139. ISBN 961-6182-64-1.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "O Mirni" [About Mirna] (in Slovenian). Municipality of Mirna. Retrieved 14 January 2011.
  6. Till, Jože (2005). Hema Krška: njen svet in njeni sledovi [Hemma of Gurk: Her World and Her Traces] (in Slovenian). Celovec: Mohorjeva založba. p. 179. ISBN 978-3-7086-0153-3.
  7. Topole, Maja (1998). "Summary". Mirnska dolina: regionalna geografija porečja Mirne na Dolenjskem [Mirna Valley: The Regional Geography of the Mirna Basin in the Lower Carniola]. Scientific Research Centre, Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts. p. 160. ISBN 961-6182-64-1.
  8. Topole, Maja (1998). "Kotlina" [Basin]. Mirnska dolina: regionalna geografija porečja Mirne na Dolenjskem [Mirna Valley: The Regional Geography of the Mirna Catchment in the Lower Carniola] (in Slovenian). Scientific Research Centre, Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts. p. 139. ISBN 961-6182-64-1.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Nose, Mojca (2006). Regionalna geografija občine Trebnje s poudarkom na prsti in rastlinstvu: diplomsko delo [Regional Geography of the Municipality of Trebnje with Emphasis on the Soil and Vegetation] (PDF) (in Slovenian and English). Department of Geography, Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana.
  10. 1 2 "Zakon o spremembah in dopolnitvah Zakona o ustanovitvi občin ter o določitvi njihovih območij (ZUODNO-G) Ur.l. RS, št. 9/2011". PisRS (Office of Legislation, Slovenia). Retrieved 27 February 2011.
  11. "Infrastruktura" [Infrastructure]. Občina Mirna [Municipality of Mirna] (in Slovenian). Občina Mirna [Municipality of Mirna].
  12. "Odlok o preimenovanju ulic v naselju Mirna" [Decree on the Renaming of Streets in the Settlement of Mirna]. Lex localis (in Slovenian). 5 July 1996.
  13. 1 2 Smuk, Goran (21 May 2010). "Most proti Migolici ni spomeniško varstvo, glavni pa je". Cajtng. OCLC 442711808.
  14. Topole, Maja (1998). "Naselja in prebivalstvo" [Settlements and Population]. Mirnska dolina: regionalna geografija porečja Mirne na Dolenjskem [Mirna Valley: The Regional Geography of the Mirna Catchment in the Lower Carniola] (in Slovenian). Scientific Research Centre, Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts. p. 150. ISBN 961-6182-64-1.
  15. Topole, Maja (1998). "Temperature" [Temperatures]. Mirnska dolina: regionalna geografija porečja Mirne na Dolenjskem [Mirna Valley: The Regional Geography of the Mirna Catchment in the Lower Carniola] (in Slovenian). Scientific Research Centre, Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts. pp. 66–69. ISBN 961-6182-64-1.
  16. Topole, Maja (1998). "Meglenost in vetrovnost" [Wind and Fog Conditions]. Mirnska dolina: regionalna geografija porečja Mirne na Dolenjskem [Mirna Valley: The Regional Geography of the Mirna Catchment in the Lower Carniola] (in Slovenian). Scientific Research Centre, Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts. p. 72. ISBN 961-6182-64-1.
  17. Topole, Maja (1998). "Padavine" [Precipitation]. Mirnska dolina: regionalna geografija porečja Mirne na Dolenjskem [Mirna Valley: The Regional Geography of the Mirna Catchment in the Lower Carniola] (in Slovenian). Scientific Research Centre, Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts. p. 74. ISBN 961-6182-64-1.
  18. "Grad Mirna" [Mirna Castle]. Gradovi v Sloveniji [Castles in Slovenia] (in Slovenian).
  19. "Ribnik privablja ribiče od blizu in daleč" [The Pond Attracts Fishermen From Near and Far]. Vaš kanal (in Slovenian). Televizija Novo mesto, d. o. o. 31 July 2009.
  20. 1 2 Žnidaršič, Mojca (14 June 2007). "Bazen bo ribnik ali bajer" [The Swimming Pool Will Be a Pond or a Fishpond]. Dolenjski list (in Slovenian) (24). p. 2.
  21. 1 2 "7527: Mirna - Grad" [7527: Mirna: The Castle]. Registry of the Immovable Cultural Heritage (in Slovenian). Ministry of Culture, Slovenia. Retrieved 14 January 2012.
  22. "3847. Uredba o državnem lokacijskem načrtu za daljnovod 2 × 110 kV RTP Grosuplje–RTP Trebnje" [3847. A Decree on the National Location Plan for the Power Line 2 x 110 kv RTP Grosuplje–RTP Trebnje]. Official Gazette of the Republic of Slovenia (in Slovenian). 27. člen [Article 27]. 6 September 2010.
  23. "Grad Mirna". www.slovenia.info. Tourist Board of Slovenia.
  24. Predlog za ustanovitev nove občine Mirna [Proposal for the Establishment of the New Municipality of Mirna] (PDF) (in Slovenian). Mirna Parish. March 2009.
  25. 1 2 3 Lege jam - 2008: Jama pri Mirni [Cave Locations - 2008: Mirna Cave] (Map) (in Slovenian). Geopedia.si. Retrieved 14 January 2012.
  26. "Jama pri Mirni" [The Cave at Mirna]. E-kataster jam (in Slovenian). Speleological Society of Ljubljana. 18 September 2008.
  27. "Jama pri Mirni (641)" [Mirna Cave] (Map). Divja odlagališča v jamah in breznih (in Slovenian) (Sinergise, d.o.o. Geodetic Institute of Slovenia.). 23 April 2010.
  28. Enciklopedija Slovenije (12: 3)
  29. 1 2 3 "Nogometno-badmintonski dan na Mirni" [The Football-Badminton Day in Mirna]. Dolenjskilist.si (in Slovenian). 17 June 2012.
  30. "Pošta in poštne storitve: 8233 Mirna" [The Post and Post Services: 8233 Mirna]. Geopedia.si (in Slovenian). Synergise, d. o. o.; Geodetic Institute of Slovenia. Retrieved 17 June 2012.
  31. "Na Mirni ne smučajo, ampak skačejo" [They Don't Ski but Jump in Mirna]. Dolenjskilist.si (in Slovenian). 10 February 2012.
  32. "V Ankaranu in na Mirni za ustanovitev svoje občine" [Residents of Ankaran and Mirna Support the Establishment of Their Own Municipalities]. Delo.si (in Slovenian). 9 November 2009. ISSN 1854-6544.
  33. "Ankaran in Mirna ne bosta občini" [Ankaran and Mirna Will Not Be Municipalities] (in Slovenian). MMC RTV Slovenia. 22 April 2010.
  34. "Dobili smo novo občino, 211. po vrsti" [We Have a New Municipality, the 211th in Line]. Novice.Dnevnik.si (in Slovenian). 1 February 2011.
  35. "Top Court Orders Creation of Two New Municipalities". Slovenian Press Agency. 6 December 2010. Retrieved 12 December 2010.
  36. "Odločba U-I-137/10-47" [Order U-I-137/10-47] (PDF) (in Slovenian). Constitutional Court of Slovenia. 26 November 2010. Retrieved 12 December 2010.
  37. 1 2 3 "Kulturna dediščina: Grad Mirna" [Cultural Heritage: Mirna Castle] (in Slovenian). Municipality of Mirna. 14 January 2012.
  38. "9333: Mirna - Kamnit most" [Mirna: A Stone Bridge]. Registry of the Immovable Cultural Heritage (in Slovenian). Ministry of Culture, Slovenia. Retrieved 14 January 2012.
  39. "Mirna Bridge". Slovenian Tourist Board. Retrieved 14 January 2012.
  40. "460: Mirna - Vaško jedro" [Mirna: The Core of the Village]. Registry of the Immovable Cultural Heritage (in Slovenian). Ministry of Culture, Slovenia. Retrieved 14 January 2012.
  41. 1 2 "461: Mirna - Cerkev sv. Janeza Krstnika" [461: Mirna - the Church of St. John the Baptist]. Registry of the Immovable Cultural Heritage (in Slovenian). Ministry of Culture, Slovenia. Retrieved 14 January 2012.
  42. 1 2 "Zgodovina" [History]. Občina Mirna (in Slovenian). Municipality of Mirna. Retrieved 15 January 2011.
  43. "26532: Mirna - Ocvirkov kozolec" [26532: Mirna: The Ocvirk Hayrack]. Registry of the Immovable Cultural Heritage (in Slovenian). Ministry of Culture, Slovenia. Retrieved 14 January 2012.
  44. Zaletelj, Peter (2006). Dendrokronološke raziskave objektov na Dolenjskem [Dendrochronological Investigations of Buildings from Lower Carniola, Slovenia] (PDF) (in Slovenian). University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Wood Science and Technology. p. 20.
  45. "25998: Mirna - Spomenik NOB na Rojah" [Mirna: The NOB Monument on Roje] (in Slovenian). Ministry of Culture, Slovenia. Retrieved 14 January 2012.
  46. "2038: Mirna - Cerkev svete Helene" [2038: Mirna: The Church of Saint Helena]. Registry of the Immovable Cultural Heritage (in Slovenian). Ministry of Culture, Slovenia. Retrieved 14 January 2012.
  47. "25192: Mirna - Graščina Zapuže" [25192: Mirna: The Zapuže Manor]. Registry of the Immovable Cultural Heritage (in Slovenian). Ministry of Culture, Slovenia. Retrieved 14 January 2012.
  48. Heferle, Hinko (17 November 1966). "Gradovi v Mirenski dolini" [Castles in the Mirna Valley] (PDF). Dolenjski list (in Slovenian) 17 (45). p. 16.
  49. "26536: Mirna - Hiša Glavna cesta 10" [26536: Mirna: The House at Main Street No. 10]. Registry of the Immovable Cultural Heritage (in Slovenian). Ministry of Culture, Slovenia. Retrieved 14 January 2012.
  50. "26529: Mirna - Kramarjeva domačija" [26529: Mirna: The Kramar Farm]. Registry of the Immovable Cultural Heritage (in Slovenian). Ministry of Culture, Slovenia. Retrieved 14 January 2012.
  51. "26530: Mirna - Gostilna Pri Francki" [26530: Mirna: The Francka Inn]. Registry of the Immovable Cultural Heritage (in Slovenian). Ministry of Culture, Slovenia. Retrieved 14 January 2012.
  52. "26531: Mirna - Gostilna Kolar" [26531: Mirna: The Kolar Inn]. Registry of the Immovable Cultural Heritage (in Slovenian). Ministry of Culture, Slovenia. Retrieved 14 January 2012.
  53. "26533: Mirna - Hiša Pot na Laze 1" [26533: Mirna: The House at Laze Road No. 1]. Registry of the Immovable Cultural Heritage (in Slovenian). Ministry of Culture, Slovenia. Retrieved 14 January 2012.
  54. "26534: Mirna - Zaplatarjeva domačija" [Mirna: The Zaplatar Farm]. Registry of the Immovable Cultural Heritage (in Slovenian). Ministry of Culture, Slovenia. Retrieved 14 January 2012.
  55. "26537: Mirna - Boehmova vila" [Mirna: The Boehm Mansion]. Registry of the Immovable Cultural Heritage (in Slovenian). Ministry of Culture, Slovenia. Retrieved 14 January 2012.
  56. "Mirna - Cesta na Fužine 8" [Mirna: Fužine Street No. 8]. Registry of the Immovable Cultural Heritage (in Slovenian). Ministry of Culture, Slovenia. Retrieved 14 January 2012.
  57. "26538: Mirna - Škarjatova domačija" [Mirna: The Škarjat Farm]. Registry of the Immovable Cultural Heritage (in Slovenian). Ministry of Culture, Slovenia. Retrieved 14 January 2012.
  58. "Mirna - Gostilna Kolenc" [Mirna: The Kolenc Inn]. Registry of the Immovable Cultural Heritage (in Slovenian). Ministry of Culture, Slovenia. Retrieved 14 January 2012.

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