Mureș (river)

Mureș/Maros
The Mureș in Arad
Countries Romania, Hungary
Cities Arad, Târgu Mureș, Szeged
Source Carpathian Mountains
 - location Izvorul Mureșului, Harghita County, Romania
 - elevation 850 m (2,789 ft)
 - coordinates 46°36′55″N 25°37′2″E / 46.61528°N 25.61722°E / 46.61528; 25.61722
Mouth Tisza
 - location Szeged, Csongrád County, Hungary
 - elevation 75 m (246 ft)
 - coordinates 46°15′6″N 20°11′39″E / 46.25167°N 20.19417°E / 46.25167; 20.19417Coordinates: 46°15′6″N 20°11′39″E / 46.25167°N 20.19417°E / 46.25167; 20.19417
Length 789 km (490 mi)
Basin 29,767 km2 (11,493 sq mi)
Discharge
 - average 184 m3/s (6,498 cu ft/s)
Map of the Mureș basin
[1]

The Mureș (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈmureʃ]; Hungarian: Maros, Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈmɒroʃ]; Latin: Marisus; Serbian: Moriš; Serbian Cyrillic: Мориш; German: Mieresch, Marosch or Muresch; Turkish: Maroş or Muriş) is a 789-kilometre-long (490 mi) river in Eastern Europe. It originates in the Hășmașu Mare Range in the Eastern Carpathian Mountains, Romania, rising close to the headwaters of the Olt River, and joins the Tisza at Szeged in southeastern Hungary.

The Mureș River flows through the Romanian counties Harghita, Mureș, Alba, Hunedoara and Arad, and the Hungarian county Csongrád. The largest cities on the Mureș/Maros are Târgu Mureș, Alba Iulia, Deva and Arad in Romania, and Szeged in Hungary.

The Mureș was known as the river Marisus in antiquity. It was also known in German as the Mieresch and Marosch owing to Transylvanian Saxon settlements and prior Austrian Habsburg rule. Salt used to be traded in medieval times on the river on large rafts.

The Hungarian reaches of the Mureș/Maros are 73 km long (22.3 km as the state border). Some 28.5 km² on the northern side of the river are protected as part of the Körös-Maros National Park. The Maros Floodplain Protected Area consists of gallery forests, floodplain meadows and 0.6 km² of forest reserve near Szeged.

Name

The river is known to be first mentioned by Herodotus in 484 BC bearing the name Maris.

It is also mentioned in 948 AD, in a document of the Byzantine Emperor Constantine, under the name Muresis (Mureios)[2]

Towns and villages

The following towns are situated along the river Mureș, from source to mouth: Toplița, Reghin, Târgu Mureș, Luduș, Ocna Mureș, Aiud, Teiuș, Alba Iulia, Geoagiu, Orăștie, Simeria, Deva, Lipova, Arad, Nădlac (all in Romania), Makó, Szeged (both in Hungary).

The Mureș flows through the following communes (grouped by counties, from source to mouth):

Tributaries

The following rivers are tributaries to the river Mureș: Left:Pietrosu, Cărbunele Negru, Senetea, Coasa, Fierăstrăul, Pârâul lui Mihai, Mure, Șumuleul Mare, Borzontul Mare, Borzontul Mic, Râul Pietros, Bacta Mică, Bacta Mare, Limbuș, Ciorgo, Golomboș, Pârâul Pietrei, Sineu, Martonca, Duda, Câlnaci, Musca, Țigan, Ursar, Gălăuțaș, Măgheruș, Păpurel, Mărsinetul de Sus, Mărsinetul de Jos, Piatra, Gudea, Jincul, Doamna, Iadul, Sălard, Peșcoasa Mare, Iadul, Borzia, Mergiș, Toaderiș, Sebeș, Indicel, Deleni, Gurghiu, Beica, Habic, Petrilaca, Terebici, Cotuș, Pocloș, Niraj, Cerghid, Sărata, Șeulia, Ațântiș, Fărău, Ciunga, Valea Papii, Șesul Băgăului, Valea la Șipot, Valea Dosului, Hopârta, Săcăduș, Bogdanul, Târnava, Hăpria, Sebeș, Pianu, Cioara, Cugir, Vaidei, Romoș, Orăștie, Turdaș, Strei, Tâmpa, Cerna, Herepeia, Vețel, Vulcez, Leșnic, Săcămaș, Plaiu, Dobra, Abucea, Ohaba, Sălciva, Pojoga, Valea Ghinișului, Peștiș, Căprioara, Somonița, Izvor, Corbu, Suliniș, Pârâul Mare, Șiștarovăț, Sinicuț, Zădărlac

Right: Mezeș, Otveș, Boteni,
Voșlăbeni, Chindeni, Chirtaegher, Valea Strâmbă, Șaroș, Belcina, Lăzarea, Ditrău, Faier, Mogoș, Jolotca, Filipea, Sărmaș, Ciucic, Doamna, Toplița, Călimănel, Râul Între Pietre, Dușa, Mermezeu, Zebracu, Tarnița, Jingu, Neagra, Ilva, Fântânele, Sărăcin, Răstolița, Jișa, Gălăoaia, Bistra, Gesele, Valea Sterinoasă, Pietriș, Râpa, Văleni, Săcal, Luț, Șar, Iceni, Budiu, Cuieșd, Valea Fânațelor, Șăușa, Oroiu, Lechința, Pârâul de Câmpie, Arieș, Grindu, Unirea, Ciugud, Ormeniș, Mirăslău, Lopadea, Aiud, Herja, Gârbova, Valea Sasului, Geoagiu, Galda, Ampoi, Pârâul cel Mare, Pâclișa, Stăuini, Vinț, Valea Goblii, Blandiana, Acmariu, Feneș Băcăinți, Homorod, Geoagiu, Boiu, Bobâlna, Valea lui Sânpătru, Lazu, Vărmaga, Certej, Boholt, Căian, Bejan, Boz, Sârbi, Băcișoara, Gurasada, Zam, Almaș, Corbeasca, Troaș, Vinești, Stejar, Julița, Grosul, Monoroștia, Bârna, Bârzava, Nadăș, Conop, Cornic, Odvoș, Milova, Jecnova, Șoimoș, Radna, Cladova

Images

See also

References

External links

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