Murray Robson

Lieutenant Colonel Murray Robson CBE, DSO
18th Leader of the Opposition of New South Wales
In office 17 August 1954 – 20 September 1955
Monarch	Elizabeth II
Deputy	Robert Askin
Preceded by	Vernon Treatt
Succeeded by	Pat Morton
Member of the New South Wales Parliament for Vaucluse
In office 29 August 1936 – 26 July 1957
Preceded by	William Foster
Succeeded by	Geoffrey Cox
Personal details
Born	7 March 1906 Ashfield, New South Wales, Australia
Died	26 August 1974 (aged 68) Rose Bay, New South Wales
Spouse(s)	Lesley Martin Priscilla Gee
Relations	William Robson (father) William Robson (grandfather)
Education	Newington College University of Sydney
Occupation	Politician and Lawyer
Religion	Presbyterian
Military service
Allegiance	Australia
Service/branch	Australian Army
Years of service	1939–1945
Rank	Lieutenant Colonel
Unit	Citizen Military Forces 2/3rd Field Regiment, RAA 2/31st Battalion, AIF
Battles/wars	Second World War Syria-Lebanon Campaign North African Campaign New Guinea campaign Borneo campaign
Awards	Commander of the Order of the British Empire Distinguished Service Order Mentioned in Despatches (3)

Lieutenant Colonel Ewan Murray Robson CBE, DSO (7 March 1906 – 26 August 1974) was an Australian lawyer, soldier and a member of the New south Wales Parliament for over twenty years. Known for most of his life as Murray Robson, he was born in Sydney and educated at Newington College and the University of Sydney, where he gained degrees in arts and law. After working several years as a Solicitor, Robson stood for, and was elected to, parliament on 29 August 1936 at a by-election for the seat of Vaucluse. He served many years on the backbenches, he enlisted in the Second World War and served with distinction during the war, gaining promotion to lieutenant colonel and receiving the Distinguished Service Order for his service.^[1]

Returning to politics, he had missed the foundation of the Liberal Party of Australia in 1945. When long-time Leader Vernon Treatt resigned the leadership in 1954 and contests between Deputy Leader Robert Askin and Pat Morton became deadlocked he was asked to stand and was consequently elected as party leader and Leader of the Opposition. He served little more than a year before he was deposed by Pat Morton. In 1957 he retired from politics and returned to his legal career before retiring. He died of a heart attack in August 1974.^[2]

Early life

Murray Robson was born in Ashfield, New South Wales on 7 March 1906, the second son of long-serving NSW politician William Elliott Veitch Robson and Mabel Jackson Wise. His grandfather, William Robson, was also a Member of the NSW Legislative Council from 1900 to 1920. Being educated at Newington College from 1918 to 1923, Robson graduated with a Bachelor of Arts (1927) and a Bachelor of Law (1930) at the University of Sydney whilst a resident of St. Paul's College.^[3][4]

Robson was admitted as a Solicitor on 4 June 1930 and practised with his father at Robson & Cowlishaw. He married Lesley Alison Martin in 1931 at St Stephen's Presbyterian Church, Sydney and had two sons.^[2] When sitting United Australia Party (UAP) MP William Foster died in office, Robson stood as an Independent UAP candidate at the resulting by-election in Foster's vacated Legislative Assembly seat of Vaucluse. At the by-election on 29 August, he emerged successful, with 62.63% of the vote, becoming the third generation of his family to serve in the NSW Parliament.^[5]

Soon after his election Robson joined the UAP but soon joined a group of Government backbenchers who were unhappy with the Bertram Stevens government's economic management and the party's control over preselection, becoming prominent in the struggle that led to the resignation of the Premier Stevens and his replacement by Alexander Mair in August 1939.^[2] At the 4 March 1938 election, Robson retained his seat uncontested.^[6]

Military career

When the Second World War broke out, Robson initially enlisted as a lieutenant in the Militia from 29 September 1939. On 25 December, Robson was granted a leave of absence from the NSW Parliament, with his father dealing with his affairs, and enlisted in the Second Australian Imperial Force on 29 December.^[7] Embarking for Scotland with the 2nd/5th Field Regiment, Royal Australian Artillery, in May 1940, he disembarked at Gourock, Scotland on 18 June 1940. Transferring to the 2/31st Battalion in the 7th Division, and was trained in the AIF School. On 3 March 1941, he left Britain, arriving in the Middle East on 9 March. On 9 May 1941, he was appointed to captain.^[8]

In June 1941 Captain Robson received a shrapnel wound to the foot while fighting in Syria. Attached to the Middle East Tactical School, he rejoined his unit in February 1942 and served with distinction in North Africa, being promoted to major on 8 October 1942. On 3 December 1942, Robson departed North Africa with his unit, disembarking at Brisbane, Queensland, on 8 January 1943. On 11 June 1943, he was promoted to lieutenant colonel and given command of the 2/31st Battalion.^[8]

Lt.Col. Robson receiving the surrender from Major General Uno in Bandjermasin on 17 September 1945.

In August 1943 Robson sailed with his unit to New Guinea where he suffered bouts of malaria. He was Mentioned in Despatches three times.^[9][10][11] On 6 March 1945 he was awarded the Distinguished Service Order, on a recommendation by his Commanding officer, Major General George Alan Vasey.^[12]

DSO citation

Government House, Canberra. 27th April, 1944.

The KING has been graciously pleased to approve that the following be Mentioned in recognition of gallant and distinguished services in the South-West Pacific: — Lt.Col. E. M. Robson (NX 349).

For courage, coolness, determination and resourceful leadership in the field. Throughout the New Guinea Campaign Lieut-Col Robson was outstanding in his leadership. His efficient handling of his command down Markham Valley to Lae, when his battalion carried out a major outflanking movement, was largely responsible for the rapid overpowering and destruction of the enemy. During the four months of the campaign, he continually made his early recess, and was constantly among his most forward troops. By his actions he inspired complete confidence in all under his command.

— (Sgd) G.A.Vasey, Maj-Gen. GOC 7 Aust. Div. 27 Feb. 1944^[8]

In July 1945 he led his unit in the invasion of Balikpapan, Borneo, and in September accepted the surrender of Japanese forces under Major General Michio Uno at Bandjermasin in the Dutch East Indies. Relinquishing command, he returned to Sydney and was placed on the Reserve of Officers in November before being discharged on 21 November 1945.^[13]

Post-war career

Upon demobilisation, Robson returned to his political career. His long absence during his war service had put pressure on his marriage and ended when his wife divorced him in 1947. He remarried soon after to Naomi Priscilla Gee at St Peter's Anglican Church, Watsons Bay on 9 December 1950. During his military service he had missed the political upheavals of the collapse of the UAP and the foundation of the Liberal Party of Australia in 1945. He retained his seat at the election on 3 May 1947, assisted by a young Robert Askin, a former Sergeant in his battalion. Robson retained his seat again with 67.39%.^[14] He later supported Askin in his bid to enter the Parliament in 1950.^[2] Robson was re-elected with 68.37%.^[15] He was returned again at the 14 February 1953 election unopposed.^[16]

In August 1954, after the long-serving leader, Vernon Treatt, announced his intention to resign, and now-Deputy-Leader Askin and Pat Morton had tied in a vote to succeed him, Robson was persuaded by Askin to accept the Leadership of the Liberal Party as a compromise candidate.^[17] Like other senior members of the party, after having no conservative government since Alexander Mair in 1941, Robson had no experience in government, he had little interest in policy except for Cold War anti-communism, ignored majority views of his party and fellow parliamentary colleagues and further alienated party members by trying to forge a closer alliance with Michael Bruxner's Country Party.^[18]

Over a year after he assumed the leadership, at a party meeting on 20 September 1955, senior party member Ken McCaw moved that the leadership be declared vacant, citing that Robson's leadership lacked the qualities necessary for winning the next election. The motion was carried 15 votes to 5. Robson then moved a motion to prevent Pat Morton, who was the only person nominated for leader, from taking the leadership. This was defeated 16 votes to 6 and Morton was elected unnopposed as leader, with Robert Askin remaining as Deputy Leader. Robson retorted that there had been a "continuous intrigue" against his leadership.^[18] He was returned for the last time at the 3 March 1956 election with 71.41%.^[19] Robson, however, did not stay long afterward; on 26 July 1957, he resigned his seat and returned to his legal practice until he retired.^[1]

Later life

At the resulting by-election on 24 August 1957, Vaucluse was held by the Liberals candidate, Geoffrey Cox, despite a significant reduction in the Liberal margin.^[20] In retirement he belonged to the Royal Sydney Golf Club, the Rose Bay Bowling Club and The University Club. He was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in the 1966 New Year Honours,^[21] On 26 August 1974, Robson died of a heart attack at his Rose Bay home, survived by his second wife and both his sons.^[1]

References

1. "Ewan Murray Robson (1906–1974)". Members of Parliament. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 23 February 2010.
2. Hogan, Michael. "Robson, Ewan Murray (1906–1974)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Australian National University. Retrieved 2008-04-20.
3. Newington College, "Register of Past Students" 1863–1998 (Syd, 1999) pg. 168
4. "Ewan Robson". Alumni Sydneienses. University of Sydney. Retrieved 2011-01-14.
5. Green, Antony. "Elections for the District of Vaucluse – 1936 (by)". New South Wales Elections Database. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 2011-01-14.
6. Green, Antony. "Elections for the District of Vaucluse – 1938". New South Wales Elections Database. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 2011-01-14.
7. "M.L.A. ENLISTS IN A.I.F. – Leave of Absence Granted". The Sydney Morning Herald 25 January 1940 p11. Australian National Library. Retrieved 2011-01-12.
8. "Ewan Murray Robson", 1939–1948 National Archives Service records
9. The London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 36297. p. 5575. 21 December 1943. Retrieved 16 September 2009.
10. The London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 36486. p. 1929. 25 April 1944. Retrieved 16 September 2009.
11. The London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 37898. p. 1091. 4 March 1947. Retrieved 16 September 2009.
12. The London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 36972. p. 1304. 6 March 1945. Retrieved 16 September 2009.
13. World War II Nominal Roll: Robson, Ewan Murray – Army Service
14. Green, Antony. "Elections for the District of Vaucluse – 1947". New South Wales Elections Database. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 2011-01-14.
15. Green, Antony. "Elections for the District of Vaucluse – 1950". New South Wales Elections Database. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 2011-01-14.
16. Green, Antony. "Elections for the District of Vaucluse – 1953". New South Wales Elections Database. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 2011-01-14.
17. "Liberals Elect Robson As Leader". The Sydney Morning Herald 18 August 1954 p1. Australian National Library. Retrieved 2011-01-15.
18. Hancock, Ian (2007). The Liberals: The NSW Division 1945–2000. Sydney: Federation Press. pg 97. ISBN 978-1-86287-659-0.
19. Green, Antony. "Elections for the District of Vaucluse – 1956". New South Wales Elections Database. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 2011-01-14.
20. Green, Antony. "Elections for the District of Vaucluse – 1946 (by)". New South Wales Elections Database. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 2011-02-01.
21. The London Gazette: (Supplement) no. 43854. p. 23. 31 December 1965. Retrieved 16 September 2009.