Museum of Witchcraft and Magic
Coordinates: 50°41′20″N 4°41′31″W / 50.689°N 4.692°W
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| Established | 1951 |
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| Location | Boscastle, Cornwall |
| Director | Simon Costin |
| Website | http://www.museumofwitchcraft.com/ |
The Museum of Witchcraft and Magic, formerly known as the Museum of Witchcraft, is a museum dedicated to European witchcraft and magic located in the village of Boscastle in Cornwall, south-west England. It houses exhibits devoted to folk magic, ceremonial magic, Freemasonry, and Wicca, with its collection of such objects having been described as the largest in the world.
The museum was founded by the English folk magician Cecil Williamson in 1951 to display his own personal collection of artefacts. Initially known as the Folklore Centre of Superstition and Witchcraft, it was located in the town of Castletown on the Isle of Man. Williamson was assisted at the museum by the prominent Wiccan Gerald Gardner, who remained there as "resident witch". After their friendship deteriorated, Gardner purchased it from Williamson in 1954, renaming it the Museum of Magic and Witchcraft. Gardner's Castletown museum remained open until the 1970s, when Gardner's heir Monique Wilson sold its contents to the Ripley's company.
In 1954, Williamson opened his own rival back in England, known as the Museum of Witchcraft. Its first location was at Windsor, Berkshire, and the next at Bourton-on-the-Water, Gloucestershire; in both cases it faced violent opposition and Williamson felt it necessary to move, establishing the museum in Boscastle in 1960. In 1996 Williamson sold the museum to Graham King, who incorporated the Richel collection of magical regalia from the Netherlands in 2000. The museum was damaged and part of its collection lost during the Boscastle flood of 2004. In 2013 ownership was transferred to Simon Costin and his Museum of British Folklore; it was renamed in 2015.
The museum is a popular tourist attraction and is held in high esteem by the British occult community. A charity, Friends of the Museum of Witchcraft, has been established to raise funds for the exhibits. The museum also contains a large library on related topics that is accessible to researchers.
History
Origins: 1947–60
Witch Cecil Williamson tried to open a museum to hold his collection of witchcraft and occult artifacts in Stratford-upon-Avon in 1947, but faced local opposition and had to abandon his plans.[1]
In 1951, Williamson opened the museum, under the name of the Folklore Center of Superstition and Witchcraft at Castletown on the Isle of Man. He had it set up in a dilapidated old mill known locally as the Witches' Mill which he had purchased in 1948, and, at the advice of his wife, opened an adjacent restaurant, known as the Witches' Kitchen.
Williamson employed his friend, Gerald Gardner, to work at the museum as the director and 'resident witch'. However, Gardner fell out with Williamson over what he saw as sensationalist displays. Williamson, in retaliation, removed a photograph of Gardner from the display.
Williamson decided to return to England, and took his collection of witchcraft artefacts with him. In 1954 Gardner bought the Witches' Mill from him, and renamed it The Museum of Magic and Witchcraft, filling it with his own collection of artefacts. During the 1950s, Gardner discussed moving his museum to London with his then friend, Charles Cardell, but decided not to.[2] Gardner continued to run the museum till his death in 1964, when it was briefly run by his High Priestess Monique Wilson before it was shut down and the collection sold off. Ripley's Entertainment Inc. bought the collection and in 1972 opened the "Museum of Witchcraft and Magic" at Gatlinburg, TN and San Francisco,CA. In 1975, due to pressure from the local church and religious groups, Ripley's changed the name of the museums to the "World of the Unexplained". More attractions and items were added to the present witchcraft collection. In 1985, Ripley's closed both museums due to poor ticket sales. The collection was disbursted to other Ripley's museums. A lot of the witchcraft collection was sent to Ripley's Believe It or Not museum at Blackpool, England.
On his return to England in 1954, Williamson opened the museum, now known as the Museum of Witchcraft, to Windsor. Here it stayed open for the tourist season, and was quite successful, but local opinion was still against it, and so Williamson decided to move it again. In 1954 Williamson moved the museum to Bourton-on-the-Water in Gloucestershire. The museum suffered various persecutions, including signs being painted on walls and dead cats hung from trees, and eventually it was largely damaged in an arson attack.
Boscastle: 1960-present
In 1960 Williamson moved the museum to Boscastle in Cornwall.
Williamson retired in 1996, selling the museum to Graham King and Liz Crow.[3] A practicing Pagan with interests in witchcraft, King owned a business manufacturing specialist cameras in Hampshire when he discovered that the museum was for sale in a newspaper article.[3] King and Williamson finalised the purchase at midnight on Halloween 1996.[3] King and Crow reorganised the museum and removed some of the more sensationalist exhibits, such as a partially clothed female mannequin which had been laid on an altar to represent the Black Mass.[4] King appeared on BBC television series such as A Seaside Parish and Antiques Roadshow. He organised the burial of Joan Wytte, a woman who died in Bodmin Jail under accusations of witchcraft in 1813, and whose corpse had been at the museum for many years. She was buried in a local area of woodland in 1998.[5] The museum was damaged during heavy floods in August 2004,[6] resulting in it being closed for repairs until March 2005.[4]
To commemorate the museum's sixtieth anniversary, in 2011 the Occult Art Company published an anthology entitled The Museum of Witchcraft: A Magical History. The idea for the work had been provided by the chair of the Friends of the Museum of Witchcraft charity, Judith Noble, with the volume itself being edited by Kerrian Godwin.[7] It contained contributions from 51 individuals involved in the esoteric and Pagan communities, including prominent figures like Ronald Hutton, Philip Heselton, Patricia Crowther, and Marian Green.[7] Reviewed by Pagan studies scholar Ethan Doyle White in The Pomegranate journal, he welcomed the volume yet described its contents as a "mixed bag, with the articles varying in their quality and relevance to the subject at hand."[7]
On Halloween 2013 King transferred ownership of the Museum, its collection and library, to the designer and curator Simon Costin, who had founded the Museum of British Folklore in 2009.[8] King retained ownership of the museum's building, which was leased to Costin's Museum.[8] Costin informed the Cornish Guardian that "The museum will continue to run exactly as it is. It won't change at all."[8]
Exhibits
In keeping with Williamson's original plan, most of the exhibits in the museum feature artefacts related to historical folk magic and the cunning folk.[4] This includes a room which recreates a tradition cunning woman's cottage, with a mannequin of a wise woman, surrounded by various herbs and divination tools.[4] The museum also contains exhibits devoted to the witch trials in the early modern period, the modern Pagan religion of Wicca, as well as other esoteric practices such as ceremonial magic, Freemasonry, and alchemy. There is also a small case on modern religious Satanism, in which a distinction is drawn between it and modern Pagan witchcraft.[4]
A number of artefacts in the collection were owned by prominent figures in the history of magic and witchcraft; it contains a ritual chalice used by the Thelemite magician Aleister Crowley, talismans created by Gerald Gardner, and ritual swords and an altar slab formerly owned by the noted Wiccan Alex Sanders.[3]
The museum's collection of artefacts continues to grow with new acquisitions.[4] Many contemporary practitioners of witchcraft and magic have bequeathed their working tools to the museum in their wills.[4]
The Museum also has the largest occult library in the South West and is viewable by appointment.
Reception
In The Encyclopedia of Witches, Witchcraft and Wicca, Rosemary Ellen Guiley described it as the "world's largest collection of paraphernalia and artifacts related to folk magic, witchcraft, Wicca and ritual magic".[9] The museum functions as an information resource centre for media and the public.[4] An independent organisation, the Friends of the Museum of Witchcraft, operates to raise funds through which to purchase further items for the collection.[4] It also acts as a meeting place for Wiccans and other Pagans.[4] According to Doyle White, the museum has become "something akin to a site of pilgrimage" for British Witches, with a "special and irreplaceable place in the hearts of many in the British occult community."[7]
See also
References
Footnotes
- ↑ The Museum of Witchcraft, 2001, Page 1
- ↑ Kelly, Aidan (2007). Inventing Witchcraft. Thoth. Page 88
- 1 2 3 4 Guiley 2008, p. 241.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Guiley 2008, p. 242.
- ↑ Irwin 2005, pp. 31–32.
- ↑ Irwin 2005, p. 31.
- 1 2 3 4 Doyle White 2011, p. 106.
- 1 2 3 Cornish Guardian 2013.
- ↑ Guiley 2008, p. 240.
Bibliography
- Cornish Guardian (6 November 2013). "Timing was spooky for deal on museum". Cornish Guardian. Archived from the original on 18 April 2015.
- Costin, Simon (15 October 2014). "The Museum of Witchcraft". Civilian. Archived from the original on 18 April 2015.
- Guiley, Rosemary Ellen (2008). "Museum of Witchcraft". The Encyclopedia of Witches, Witchcraft and Wicca (third ed.). New York: Checkmark Books. pp. 240–242.
- Doyle White, Ethan (2011). "Review of The Museum of Witchcraft: A Magical History". The Pomegranate: The International Journal of Pagan Studies (London: Equinox Publishing). 13(1): 106–108.
- Irwin, Colin (2005). In Search of Albion - From Cornwall to Cumbria: A Ride Through England's Hidden Soul. Andre Deutsch.
External links
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