Decane
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| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Decane[1] | |
| Identifiers | |
124-18-5  | |
| 1696981 | |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:41808 |
| ChEMBL | ChEMBL134537 |
| ChemSpider | 14840 |
| DrugBank | DB02826 |
| EC Number | 204-686-4 |
| Jmol interactive 3D | Image |
| MeSH | decane |
| PubChem | 15600 |
| RTECS number | HD6550000 |
| UN number | 2247 |
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| Properties | |
| C10H22 | |
| Molar mass | 142.29 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid |
| Odor | Gasoline-like |
| Density | 0.730 g mL−1 |
| Melting point | −30.5 to −29.2 °C; −22.8 to −20.6 °F; 242.7 to 243.9 K |
| Boiling point | 173.8 to 174.4 °C; 344.7 to 345.8 °F; 446.9 to 447.5 K |
| log P | 5.802 |
| Vapor pressure | 195 Pa[2] |
| Henry's law constant (kH) |
2.1 nmol Pa−1 kg−1 |
| Refractive index (nD) |
1.411–1.412 |
| Viscosity | 920 μPa s (at 20 °C) |
| Thermochemistry | |
| 315.46 J K−1 mol−1 | |
| Std molar entropy (S |
425.89 J K−1 mol−1 |
| Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH |
−302.1–−299.9 kJ mol−1 |
| Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH |
−6779.21–−6777.45 kJ mol−1 |
| Hazards | |
| Safety data sheet | hazard.com |
| GHS pictograms |   |
| GHS signal word | DANGER |
| H226, H304 | |
| P301+310, P331 | |
| EU classification (DSD) |
 Xn |
| R-phrases | R10, R65 |
| NFPA 704 | |
| Flash point | 46.0 °C (114.8 °F; 319.1 K) |
| 210.0 °C (410.0 °F; 483.1 K) | |
| Explosive limits | 0.8–2.6% |
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
| LD50 (Median dose) |
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| Related compounds | |
| Related alkanes |
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| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
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| Infobox references | |
Decane is an alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C10H22. Although, 75 structural isomers are possible for decane, the term usually refers to the normal-decane ("n-decane"), with the formula CH3(CH2)8CH3. All isomers, however, exhibit similar properties and little attention is paid to the composition.[3] These isomers are flammable liquids. Decane is a component of gasoline (petrol) and kerosene.[4] Like other alkanes, it is nonpolar solvent, does not dissolve in water, and is readily combustable. Although it is a component of fuels, it is of little importance as a chemical feedstock, unlike a handful of other alkanes.[5]
Reactions
Decane undergoes combustion, just like other alkanes. In the presence of sufficient oxygen, it burns to form water and carbon dioxide.
- 2 C10H22 + 31 O2 → 20 CO2 + 22 H2O
With insufficient oxygen, carbon monoxide is also formed.
Other
It has a surface tension of 0.0238 N·m−1.[6]
See also
References
- ↑ "decane - Compound Summary". PubChem Compound. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 16 September 2004. Identification and Related Records. Retrieved 5 January 2012.
- ↑ Yaws, Carl L. (1999). Chemical Properties Handbook. New York: McGraw-Hill. pp. 159–179. ISBN 0-07-073401-1.
- ↑ The 75 Isomers of Decane
- ↑ "Petroleum - Chemistry Encyclopedia - reaction, water, uses, elements, examples, gas, number, name". www.chemistryexplained.com. Retrieved 2016-01-28.
- ↑ Karl Griesbaum, Arno Behr, Dieter Biedenkapp, Heinz-Werner Voges, Dorothea Garbe, Christian Paetz, Gerd Collin, Dieter Mayer, Hartmut Höke "Hydrocarbons" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2002 Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. doi:10.1002/14356007.a13_227
- ↑ Website of Krüss (8.10.2009)
External links
Media related to Decane at Wikimedia Commons
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