Symbols of the Republic of Macedonia

After the independence of the Republic of Macedonia from Yugoslavia, the country made some changes in the national symbols. The flag was changed two times and today's flag includes an eight ray sun on a red background, while the coat of arms from the SR Macedonia stayed the same except the red star was removed.

National flag

National flag

The flag of the Republic of Macedonia depicts a stylised yellow sun on a red field, with eight broadening rays extending from the centre to the edge of the field. It was created by Pr. Miroslav Grčev and was adopted on 5 October 1995 after a one-year economic blockade imposed by Greece in order to force the Republic of Macedonia to remove the ancient Macedonian Vergina Sun from the flag. Red and yellow have been considered the main colors representing Macedonia since the end of WWII. The new eight-rayed sun represents "the new sun of Liberty" referred to in the national anthem of the Republic of Macedonia, Denes nad Makedonija. However, many Macedonians consider the Vergina Sun flag to be the flag of the Macedonians (ethnic group) and the Macedonian diaspora.

Coat of arms

Coat of arms

The coat of arms of Macedonia is composed of two curved garlands of sheaves of wheat, tobacco leaves and opium poppy fruits, tied by a ribbon decorated with the embroidery of traditional Macedonian folk motives. In the centre of the ovoid frame are depicted a mountain, a lake and a sunrise.[1] These devices are said to represent "the richness of the country and its struggle and freedom". The whole composition and design is based with the pattern from the emblem of the SFR Yugoslavia and does not have any roots in the historical heraldic coats of arms of Macedonia. The features of the national emblem contain a rising sun which symbolizes freedom, the Šar Mountains with its peak named Ljuboten or mount Korab and the river Vardar.[2][3] The emblem also contains poppy fruits; poppy was brought to Macedonia by the Ottoman Empire in the first half of 19th century.[4]

National anthem

Main article: Denes nad Makedonija

Denes nad Makedonija (English translation: "Today Over Macedonia") is the national anthem of Macedonia. It was composed by Todor Skalovski and the lyrics were written by Vlado Maleski in 1941.[5] It was used by ASNOM and later performed as a popular song of the Macedonians during the time of Socialist Republic of Macedonia, a part of Yugoslavia. Later the song was officially adopted to be the anthem of the independent Macedonia.[5][6]

Unofficial symbols

The flag of the Republic of Macedonia between 1992 and 1995
The lion symbol in the Fojnica Armory roll, 1340

References

  1. Quotation from the Article 8th of the Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Macedonia The emblem is framed by a garland of ears of wheat, tobacco and poppy fruits, tied by a ribbon with the pattern of a traditional costume. In the centre of such a circular space there are mountains, rivers, lakes and the sun. All this represents "the richness of our country, the struggle and the freedom.
  2. World Around Us — the Encyclopaedia for Children and Youth, XI edition, Školska knjiga, Zagreb, 1987, vol. II (A-M), page 242
  3. http://www.heraldika.org.mk/Drzaven.htm Со замената на сликата се менува и објаснувањето, Пирин преоѓа во Кораб.
  4. Agricultural Encyclopaedia, Yugoslavian Lexicographical Institute, Zagreb, 1970, vol. II (Krm-Proi), page 131, Author of the article on Poppy is Jordan Đorđevski, dipl. ing. agr., professor of the Agricultural and Forestry Faculty of the University of Skopje, Macedonia
  5. 1 2 Encyclopaedia of Cultural Heritage of Struga (2005) The Macedonian national anthem, retrieved 2009-09-15
  6. Zakonot na himnata na Republika Makedonija ("Služben vesnik", br. 50/92) – 1991-08-12
  7. WIPO (10 August 2010). "WIPO 6ter Search For: CC/GR". wipo.int.
  8. WIPO (10 August 2010). "WIPO 6ter Search For: CC/GR". wipo.int.
  9. WIPO (10 August 2010). "WIPO 6ter Search For: CC/GR". wipo.int.
  10. Fojnica Armory, online images
  11. Matkovski, Aleksandar, Grbovite na Makedonija, Skopje, 1970
  12. Александар Матковски (1990) Грбовите на Македонија, Мисла, Skopje, Macedonia - ISBN 86-15-00160-X

External links

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