Neuritis

Neuritis /nʊˈraɪtɪs/ or /njʊˈraɪtɪs/ is a general term for inflammation of a nerve^[1] or the general inflammation of the peripheral nervous system. Symptoms depend on the nerves involved but may include pain, paresthesia (pins-and-needles), paresis (weakness), hypoesthesia (numbness), anesthesia, paralysis, wasting, and disappearance of the reflexes.

Causes of neuritis include:

Physical injury
Infection
- Diphtheria
- Herpes zoster (shingles)
- Leprosy
- Lyme disease
Chemical injury such as chemotherapy
Radiation therapy
Underlying conditions including: :
- Alcoholism
- Autoimmune disease, especially multiple sclerosis and Guillain-Barre syndrome
- Beriberi (vitamin B1 deficiency)
- Cancer
- Celiac disease^[2]
- Diabetes (Diabetic neuropathy)
- Hypothyroidism
- Porphyria
- Vitamin B12 deficiency
- Vitamin B6 excess^[3]

Types of neuritis include:

References

↑ "neuritis" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
↑ Chin, RL; Latov, N (Jan 2005). "Peripheral Neuropathy and Celiac Disease.". Current treatment options in neurology 7 (1): 43–48. doi:10.1007/s11940-005-0005-3. PMID 15610706.
↑ Rosenbloom, Mark; Tarabar, Asim; Adler, Robert A. "Vitamin Toxicity". Medscape Reference. Medscape. Retrieved 21 May 2013.

Nervous system pathology, PNS, somatic (G50–G64, 350–357)

Nerve, nerve root, plexus

Cranial nerve
disease

Radiculopathy,
plexopathy

Mono-
neuropathy

Upper limb

median nerve:	Carpal tunnel syndrome Ape hand deformity

ulnar nerve:	Ulnar nerve entrapment Froment's sign Guyon's canal syndrome Ulnar claw

radial nerve:	Radial neuropathy Wrist drop Cheiralgia paresthetica

long thoracic nerve:	Winged scapula Backpack palsy

Lower limb

lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh:	Meralgia paraesthetica

tibial nerve:	Tarsal tunnel syndrome

plantar nerve:	Morton's neuroma

superior gluteal nerve:	Trendelenburg's sign

sciatic nerve:	Piriformis syndrome

General

Polyneuropathies/Polyradiculoneuropathy

HMSN	Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease Dejerine–Sottas disease Refsum's disease Hereditary spastic paraplegia Hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsy Familial amyloid neuropathy

Autoimmune/demyelinating	Guillain–Barré syndrome Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy

Other	Alcoholic polyneuropathy

Autonomic diseases, dysautonomia, autonomic- neuropathy (G90, 337)

HSAN	I II III/Familial dysautonomia IV/Congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis V

Orthostatic intolerance	Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome Orthostatic hypotension

Other	Horner's syndrome Multiple system atrophy Pure autonomic failure Autonomic dysreflexia

Neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia pharmacotherapies

Monoaminergics	SNRIs (e.g., duloxetine, milnacipran) TCAs (e.g., amitriptyline, nortriptyline, dosulepin) Tapentadol Tramadol

Ion channel blockers	Anticonvulsants (e.g., gabapentin, pregabalin, carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, lacosamide, lamotrigine) Local anesthetics (e.g., lidocaine) Mexiletine TCAs (e.g., amitriptyline, nortriptyline, desipramine) Ziconotide

Others	Alpha lipoic acid Benfotiamine Botulinum toxin A Bupropion Cannabinoids (e.g., cannabis, dronabinol, nabilone) NMDAR antagonists (e.g., ketamine, dextromethorphan, methadone) Opioids (e.g., hydrocodone, morphine, oxycodone, methadone, buprenorphine, tramadol, tapentadol) Sodium oxybate (GHB)

This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Monday, March 21, 2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.