Super Monkey Ball (video game)

Super Monkey Ball

North American GC cover art

North American box art
Developer(s) Amusement Vision
Publisher(s)
Director(s) Toshihiro Nagoshi
Producer(s) Toshihiro Nagoshi
Composer(s) Hidenori Shoji
Sakae Osumi
Haruyoshi Tomita[1]
Series Super Monkey Ball
Platform(s) Arcade
Nintendo GameCube
Release date(s)

Arcade (Monkey Ball)

  • JP June 23, 2001

Nintendo GameCube (Super Monkey Ball)

  • JP September 14, 2001
  • NA November 18, 2001
  • PAL May 3, 2002[2]
Genre(s) Platform, Party
Mode(s) Single-player, multiplayer
Arcade system NAOMI

Super Monkey Ball (スーパーモンキーボール Sūpā Monkī Bōru) is a 2001 platform/party video game developed by Amusement Vision and published by Sega. The game debuted in Japan at the 2001 Amusement Operators Union trade show as Monkey Ball (モンキーボール Monkī Bōru), an arcade cabinet running on Sega's NAOMI hardware and controlled with a distinctive banana-shaped analog stick. Due to the failure of Sega's Dreamcast home console and the company's subsequent restructuring, an enhanced port dubbed Super Monkey Ball was released as a launch title for Nintendo's GameCube in late 2001, garnering interest as Sega's first game published for Nintendo hardware.

Conceived by Amusement Vision head Toshihiro Nagoshi, Super Monkey Ball involves guiding a transparent ball containing one of four monkeys—AiAi, MeeMee, Baby and GonGon—across a series of maze-like platforms. The player must avoiding rolling off the edges and reach the goal within the time limit to advance to the next stage. There are also several multiplayer modes: independent minigames as well as extensions of the main single-player game.

Super Monkey Ball received highly positive reviews from critics, who praised the simplicity and subtle depth of its control scheme as well as the new multiplayer modes not present in its arcade counterpart, although some felt its presentation was lacking. The game was commercially successful and remained one of Sega's best-sellers in the United States for much of 2002, eventually spawning a direct sequel, Super Monkey Ball 2, and an entire Super Monkey Ball franchise.

Modes

Super Monkey Ball has three game modes: main game, party games, and mini-games. The mini-games are unavailable at first, and must be unlocked by earning 2,500 "play points" through playing the main game in single-player mode.[3][4][5][6]

Main game

The player about to start a stage during the main game.

Reminiscent of Marble Madness and Labyrinth, the objective of the main game is to guide one of four playable monkeys (AiAi, MeeMee, Baby and GonGon) encased in a transparent ball across a suspended series of platforms and through a goal.[4][5][7] By moving the analog stick, the player tilts the entire set of platforms that make up a level, called a floor, and the ball rolls accordingly.[4][5][8] If the ball falls off a floor (an event dubbed a fall out) or the in-game timer reaches zero, the player loses a life, and is given three lives to start.[7] The speed, in miles per hour, at which the ball is moving is displayed in the corner of the screen.[9] Pausing the game and selecting the "View Stage" option allows one to rotate the camera around and examine the floor.[10] A replay is presented after a floor's goal has been reached; replays can be saved to a memory card and viewed at whim.[11] Every second remaining on the timer when a floor is completed adds 100 points to the player's score. Collectible bananas found throughout the game are also worth 100 points, while multipliers increasing the player's score by a factor of two or four are activated when a floor is finished in under half the allotted time or via a warp gate.[4][6] The player receives an extra life for every 100 bananas collected.[12]

The main game features three difficulty levels—Beginner, Advanced, and Expert, consisting of 10, 30, and 50 floors each—as well as three modes—Normal, Practice, and Competition.[4][13] Normal mode allows one to four players to take turns progressing through the arcade Monkey Ball, whereas competition mode involves two to four player simultaneous split screen races across a selection of floors.[14] In practice mode, any floor already played in normal mode can be repeated indefinitely with no penalties for failure.[15] In normal mode, the player experiences a "Game Over" when they have lost all of their lives, but is allowed six opportunities to continue; eventually, unlimited "Continues" can be unlocked.[4][15] Beginner Extra, Advanced Extra and Expert Extra floors are unlocked when each respective difficulty level is completed without using a continue (or losing a life in Beginner and Advanced)—and a hidden set of Master floors can be unlocked through playing the Extra floors.[4][16]

Party games

The following party games are available:

Mini-games

The mini-games are based on real sporting activities, but with the player's ball containing their monkey.[4] The following mini-games are available, once unlocked through the earning of play points:[6]

Development

Director and producer, Toshihiro Nagoshi, seen here in 2014

Super Monkey Ball was developed by Amusement Vision, a branch of the Japanese video game publisher Sega that was created in 2000 and composed of about fifty people.[23][24] Amusement Vision president Toshihiro Nagoshi, who had previously worked under Sega AM2's Yu Suzuki and been credited as the creator of the arcade titles Daytona USA and Virtua Striker,[25][26] devised the concept of rolling spheres through mazes based on his desire to move away from realistic simulations and instead create a game that was instantly possible to understand and play.[24][27] Prototypes involving a plain ball or a ball with an illustration were considered visually unappealing due to difficulties in perceiving its movement, so after a series of revisions monkey characters previously created by a female Amusement Vision designer were placed inside the ball, with their appearance being altered to include their "distinctive" ears.[27][28] Intended to feature a "cute" aesthetic and accurate physics engine, the game debuted at the 2001 Amusement Operator Union trade show[29] as Monkey Ball, a single-player[30] arcade cabinet controlled with a distinctive banana-shaped analog stick.[28][31][32]

In early 2001, Sega announced that it was discontinuing its Dreamcast home console and restructuring itself into a "platform-agnostic" third-party publisher.[33][34] As a result, an enhanced version of Monkey Ball dubbed Super Monkey Ball was released for the Nintendo GameCube as a launch game in Japan on September 14, 2001 and North America on November 18, 2001.[2][31][35] The GameCube version was demonstrated to the public at E3 in May 2001 and at Nintendo's Space World show in August 2001; Sega confirmed that it would arrive in time for the GameCube's launch at the June 2001 World Hobby Fair.[36][37][38] As the first game Sega published for a Nintendo console, Super Monkey Ball was considered a milestone for the company.[2][39] Although Monkey Ball had been developed for Sega's NAOMI arcade board, which shared technology with the Dreamcast and was optimized to ensure games could be easily ported between the two platforms,[24][40] Nagoshi commented that Ninendo's young demographic made the GameCube an even more fitting console for the title.[28][31][41] According to Nagoshi, Amusement Vision staff felt more comfortable with the GameCube than Sega's own hardware and this ease of development[42] contributed to their decision to focus on the system over the PlayStation 2 or Xbox; he also joked that Nintendo was the only hardware manufacturer the staff did not "hate".[24][30][41] Out of a team composed of ten to twenty individuals, it took four Amusement Vision employees between several weeks and two months to port Monkey Ball to the GameCube.[24][28][30] Its graphics were enhanced with new background details as well as reflections and particle effects.[43] Moreover, the developers spent an additional six months incorporating six extra modes into the game, with an emphasis on multiplayer competition[38] and the introduction of GonGon as a fourth playable character.[24][30][37]

The bananas in the game display the Dole Food Company logo, but this was removed in Super Monkey Ball Deluxe due to a licensing dispute.[36][44] A theme song called "Ei Ei Puh!", which was arranged by Cheru Watanabe and featured vocals by Yu Abiru, was created for the Japanese version of Super Monkey Ball but removed from its U.S. release.[4][45][46]

Reception

Reception
Aggregate scores
AggregatorScore
GameRankings89%[47]
Metacritic87/100[48]
Review scores
PublicationScore
Edge9/10[6]
Famitsu32/40[49]
GamePro4.5/5[50]
GameSpot8.8/10[13]
GameSpy91/100[4]
IGN8.3/10[5]
Nintendo Power5/5, 5/5, 5/5, 5/5, 5/5[51][note 1]
N-Sider9/10, 9/10, 8/10, 9/10[2][note 1]
The Japan TimesFavorable[52]

Sales

Super Monkey Ball was commercially successful upon release and remained one of Sega's best-selling titles in the United States through much of 2002, with total sales of the game and its immediate sequel estimated at over one million units.[53][54][55] While it sold well in all major territories, Nagoshi was disappointed by the game's performance in Japan, where he had expected it would be most successful; weak GameCube launch sales were cited as negatively impacting its performance in the country.[28][31][52]

Critical reception

Released to positive reviews, with aggregated scores of 87/100 on Metacritic and 88.7% on GameRankings,[47][48] some journalists considered Super Monkey Ball the highlight of the GameCube's launch lineup.[56][57] The staff of Edge praised the main game as "absorb[ing]" due to its high level of difficulty, noting that the trial and error required to complete challenging levels forces one to learn the nuances of its "reductive control system" and eventually enables the player to perform seemingly impossible tasks with increasing ease: "Once a level falls, the mysticism around it vanishes. It's beatable; it's an afterthought on the route to your next impossible hurdle."[6] Writing for GameSpy, Ben Turner commented on the "excellent progression of difficulty" engendered by three distinct difficulty modes and thoughtful stage design, expounding "most levels introduce some new idea or concept to the game" and "every single level played adds to your skill."[4] IGN's Matt Casamassina commended the "great level variation", with "well created mazes and puzzles that must be completed using a combination of physics calculations, careful planning and a huge helping of patience."[5] Turner complimented the frequent introduction of incentives to keep playing such as additional continues and hidden levels, adding that a high "ceiling of mastery" enhanced the game's longevity through a "simple but well conceived" scoring system and the ability to test strategies in practice mode.[4] Edge and Casamassina thought similarly, with the latter stating "there are shortcuts that can be carved out by the crafty player, physics to be considered when navigating and more."[5][6] N-Sider's Tim Knowles pointed out that "the latter levels in the game get extremely difficult and you will often get frustrated", while Casamassina felt "it may be a little too difficult for the casual gamer."[2][5] However, N-Sider's Mark Medina called the learning curve "perfectly spot on": "Any falling off the platforms feels entirely your fault and at the same time, you always get the sense that you're just that little bit closer to that elusive goal."[2] Edge and N-Sider's Jason Nuyens and Will Stevenson agreed with this sentiment, with the latter emphasizing the addictive quality of the gameplay.[2][6] On a technical note, GamePro's Four-Eyed Dragon faulted the camera system, which "can get out of position, making it hard to maneuver in tight spots."[50] In The Japan Times, Steven L. Kent described the game as "a test of nerve" requiring "advanced eye–hand coordination."[52] Turner reflected on the game's ability to evoke feelings of "nervous excitement", "intensity", and "electrifying, stomach-wrenching fear": "It's a thrilling feeling to be winding down a paper-thin path with ten seconds on the clock, hoping against hope that you can keep your balance for just a few more seconds and make it to the goal before time expires."[4] Edge opined that the game is "defined" by "unrefined and angular" emotions:

"Every second brings another jagged spike of highrise elation or freefall despair, and that's what makes the game so superb ... when you finally beat a maze on your 15th try, on the last life of your last continue, it's all worth it. If that experience could be distilled into a single word, it would be euphoria; reducing Super Monkey Ball to one word is simpler. It's genius."[6]

On the party and mini games, Kent asserted "All of the activities ... were designed with an unerring eye for quality", Edge contended "none are half-assed throwaway rewards", and the staff of Nintendo Power remarked "each one is a fully realized activity that you could play for hours."[6][51][56] GameSpot's Ricardo Torres called Monkey Race "a solid little racer", and Casamassina recounted it felt "polished and finely tuned."[5][13] Stevenson "loved Monkey Fight", while Casamassina and Kent highlighted the use of a crown to identify the player currently in the lead as encouraging "players to gang up on each other."[2][5][52] Casamassina hailed Monkey Fight as "a thing of beauty", but Turner dismissed it as "a dud, as it's too much frantic button smacking and not enough skill or thought."[4][5] Monkey Target, lauded by Kent as the "most addictive interactive activity of 2001" and considered "the most complex" of the party games by Turner, was complimented by Casamassina for its "simple and brilliantly intuitive" control scheme and "careful science of when to use an item and when to forgo it."[4][5][52] Nintendo Power and Medina, respectively, described Monkey Billiards as "a full-blown pool game" and "a very fun alternative to the real game"; Casamassina applauded its "ultra-realistic physics engine that perfectly mimics how pool balls would react ... it all works just as good if not better than any pool simulation available to home consoles."[2][5][51] Casamassina was further impressed by the physics of Monkey Bowling, elaborating that "when the pins break apart one would swear it's the real deal", but Turner criticized its physics as "slightly wonky".[4][5] Medina singled out Monkey Bowling's "nailbiting" challenge mode as a personal favorite, while Nintendo Power considered Monkey Bowling "as good as tenpin gets" and Kent wrote it "is one of the most robust bowling simulations I have ever played."[2][51][52] Finally, Four-Eyed Dragon conveyed that Monkey Golf provided "a humongous challenge" with "crazy, lopsided miniature golf course[s]", while Kent called it an "absolutely infuriating ... test [of] your aim and your logic."[50][52]

Although "not extremely complex or technically impressive in the way that many other launch titles strive to be" Turner believed the graphics were "extremely well-realized and perfectly suited to the game."[4] According to Torres, "while the four selectable monkey models and the various levels are simple in design, they are generously modeled with well-textured and shaded polygons and have a very rich look."[13] Four-Eyed Dragon spoke highly of the "hilarious" monkey animations, "sharp reflections and cool water effects".[50] Likewise, Casamassina enjoyed the dances performed by the monkeys after winning a match and cited the water effects as "particularly incredible".[5] Described by Turner as "colorful" and "crisp" and by Torres as "cartoony" and "clean", Edge likened the game's aesthetic to Sega's Sonic the Hedgehog series: "Every surface is bright and solid and shiny, every aspect impeccably presented."[4][6][13] Casamassina, Turner, and Torres all praised the consistent frame rate, with Casamassina emphasizing "it truly, always runs at a full 60 frames per second."[4][5][13] However, Four-Eyed Dragon noted the visuals were "not greatly detailed" and Casamassina observed "there isn't much geometry being drawn at any single point in the title and the backgrounds are often barren, whether it be for power or stylistic purposes."[5][50] Moreover, Casamassina was disappointed that the three difficulty modes reused level themes and by the absence of progressive scan support.[5] Torres regarded the game's sound as "good" but "probably [its] weakest aspect", calling the music "catchy" but finding the monkey noises repetitive and the remaining sound effects "unspectacular."[13] Conversely, Blue-Eyed Dragon was favorable to the "boisterously entertaining monkey sounds that can be heard once a chimp hits a wall or falls off a ledge" as well as the "eclectic mix of instrumental tunes".[50] Turner "thought the music ... set the mood perfectly, but some may find it annoying".[4]

Kent named Super Monkey Ball "the best party game of all time."[52] Torres opined that the game "makes a strong case for the power of simple yet incredibly addictive gameplay."[13] Knowles stated it represented "Sega at its pure best."[2] The staff of Famitsu "liked the mini-games in addition to the regular modes."[49] Nintendo Power hailed the game as "one of the ultimate party games" and "the best in serious gaming, too."[51] Turner declared it "that rarity of rarities: a perfectly-realized launch title", with a "bounty of extras" that set "a new standard for arcade to home conversions".[4] According to Medina, "probably the greatest thing about this game is that it's so unassuming, in that you are genuinely very surprised at its extremely high quality."[2]

Legacy

Neverball, a freely licensed game, was inspired by Super Monkey Ball

The success of the game spawned a franchise, with 16 sequels or spin-offs released to date. Due to its complex physics engine and abundance of possible shortcuts, Super Monkey Ball has been popular with professional speedrunners.[16][58][59] A 2006 study conducted by the Beth Israel Medical Center found that surgeons who played the game for 20 minutes prior to performing a surgical drill finished slightly faster and made fewer mistakes.[60] Super Monkey Ball inspired Neverball, a free game for Microsoft Windows, OS X, Linux, Dreamcast, and iOS.[61] In 2006, Nintendo Power ranked it the 38th best game available on Nintendo platforms, commenting "who knew that such cute characters with cinnamon roll ears could be the source of so much tension (when the clock is ticking) and so much relief (when they finally break the ribbon)?"[62] In 2009, Edge ranked the game #39 on its list of "The 100 Best Games To Play Today", stating "Seeing its sturdy physics model being used to perform incredible acrobatic feats shows just how finely honed it is."[58] Writing in 1001 Video Games You Must Play Before You Die, Christian Donlan described Super Monkey Ball as "one of Sega's grade-A triumphs."[63]

References

Explanatory notes

  1. 1 2 Each review is a different rating provided by a different reviewer for the publication.

Citations

  1. ↑ "Super Monkey Ball Details & Credits". Metacritic. Retrieved February 10, 2015.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 "Review: Super Monkey Ball (GCN)". N-Sider. November 18, 2001. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
  3. ↑ "Super Monkey Ball Instruction Booklet". Sega Corporation. 2001: 3, 7–8.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Turner, Ben. "Super Monkey Ball (GC)". GameSpy. Archived from the original on November 21, 2001. Retrieved January 23, 2015.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Casamassina, Matt (November 16, 2001). "Super Monkey Ball". IGN. Retrieved January 23, 2015.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "Super Monkey Ball review". Edge. October 8, 2001. Archived from the original on May 10, 2012. Retrieved January 23, 2015.
  7. 1 2 "Super Monkey Ball Instruction Booklet". Sega Corporation. 2001: 4.
  8. ↑ "Super Monkey Ball Instruction Booklet". Sega Corporation. 2001: 4–5.
  9. ↑ "Super Monkey Ball Instruction Booklet". Sega Corporation. 2001: 10.
  10. ↑ "Super Monkey Ball Instruction Booklet". Sega Corporation. 2001: 14.
  11. ↑ "Super Monkey Ball Instruction Booklet". Sega Corporation. 2001: 14–15.
  12. ↑ "Super Monkey Ball Instruction Booklet". Sega Corporation. 2001: 11.
  13. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Torres, Ricardo (November 7, 2001). "Super Monkey Ball Review". GameSpot. Retrieved January 23, 2015.
  14. ↑ "Super Monkey Ball Instruction Booklet". Sega Corporation. 2001: 6, 13.
  15. 1 2 "Super Monkey Ball Instruction Booklet". Sega Corporation. 2001: 12.
  16. 1 2 Davis, Justin (February 10, 2014). "Justin Davis' Favorite Games of All Time". IGN. p. 2. Retrieved January 27, 2015.
  17. ↑ "Super Monkey Ball Instruction Booklet". Sega Corporation. 2001: 16–22.
  18. ↑ "Super Monkey Ball Instruction Booklet". Sega Corporation. 2001: 7, 22–25.
  19. ↑ "Super Monkey Ball Instruction Booklet". Sega Corporation. 2001: 25–29.
  20. ↑ "Super Monkey Ball Instruction Booklet". Sega Corporation. 2001: 29–33.
  21. ↑ "Super Monkey Ball Instruction Booklet". Sega Corporation. 2001: 34–36.
  22. ↑ "Super Monkey Ball Instruction Booklet". Sega Corporation. 2001: 37–40.
  23. ↑ Fahs, Travis (April 21, 2009). "IGN Presents the History of Sega". IGN. p. 10. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
  24. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Torres, Ricardo (September 27, 2001). "Amusement Vision interview". GameSpot. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
  25. ↑ "Toshihiro Nagoshi Interview Summer 2006". Kikizo. June 22, 2006. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
  26. ↑ "Sega Corporation Annual Report 2002" (PDF). Sega Corporation. July 2002. p. 18. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
  27. 1 2 Nagoshi, Toshihiro (November 16, 2009). "You Gotta Roll With It—Super Monkey Ball Step & Roll developer diary #1". Sega. Archived from the original on September 5, 2010. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
  28. 1 2 3 4 5 Almaci, Hasan Ali; Kemps, Heidi (December 21, 2004). "Interview: Toshiro Nagoshi". The Next Level. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
  29. ↑ Chau, Anthony (May 1, 2001). "Monkey Ball Movies!". IGN. Retrieved January 23, 2015.
  30. 1 2 3 4 "More Interviews with Sonic Team and Amusement Vision". IGN. June 1, 2001. Retrieved January 23, 2015.
  31. 1 2 3 4 "Toshiro Nagoshi Q&A". GameSpot. March 25, 2002. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
  32. ↑ "Sega's Monkey Business". Nintendo Power 14 (148): 15. September 2001.
  33. ↑ Kent, Steven L. (2001). The Ultimate History of Video Games: The Story Behind the Craze that Touched our Lives and Changed the World. Roseville, California: Prima Publishing. pp. 588–589. ISBN 0-7615-3643-4.
  34. ↑ Ahmed, Shahed (January 31, 2001). "Sega announces drastic restructuring". GameSpot. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
  35. ↑ Williams, Martyn (August 24, 2001). "Nintendo unveils GameCube launch plans". CNN. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
  36. 1 2 Lopez, Miguel (May 17, 2001). "E3 2001 Hands-on: Super Monkey Ball". GameSpot. Retrieved January 22, 2015.
  37. 1 2 "Spaceworld 2001: Super Monkey Ball Impressions". IGN. August 24, 2001. Retrieved January 23, 2015.
  38. 1 2 "Super Monkey Ball for Launch?". IGN. June 25, 2001. Retrieved January 23, 2015.
  39. ↑ Ahmed, Shahed (November 14, 2001). "Sega reaches milestone as third-party publisher". GameSpot. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
  40. ↑ Hagiwara, Shiro; Oliver, Ian (November–December 1999). "Sega Dreamcast: Creating a Unified Entertainment World". IEEE Micro 19 (6): 29, 34.
  41. 1 2 "Famitsu Interviews Amusement Vision". IGN. June 21, 2001. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
  42. ↑ "Interview: Sega's Toshihiro Nagoshi". IGN. May 30, 2001. Retrieved January 23, 2015.
  43. ↑ Torres, Ricardo (August 23, 2001). "Super Monkey Ball Preview". GameSpot. Retrieved January 23, 2015.
  44. ↑ Bramwell, Tom (February 16, 2005). "Super Monkey Ball Deluxe". Eurogamer. Retrieved January 23, 2015.
  45. ↑ Satterfield, Shane (October 11, 2001). "TGS 2001 Fall: Sega to release Super Monkey Ball soundtrack". GameSpot. Retrieved January 23, 2015.
  46. ↑ "TGS 2001: Super Monkey Ball Theme Song". IGN. October 11, 2001. Retrieved January 23, 2015.
  47. 1 2 "Super Monkey Ball". GameRankings. Retrieved January 23, 2015.
  48. 1 2 "Super Monkey Ball". Metacritic. Retrieved January 23, 2015.
  49. 1 2 "Famitsu Gives GameCube Gold". IGN. September 12, 2001. Retrieved January 23, 2015.
  50. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Four-Eyed Dragon (December 2001). "Pro Reviews: Super Monkey Ball". GamePro 13 (159): 154.
  51. 1 2 3 4 5 "Super Monkey Ball". Nintendo Power 14 (150): 141. November 2001.
  52. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Kent, Steven L. (February 7, 2002). "Monkeys Rate Second Look". The Japan Times. Retrieved January 23, 2015.
  53. ↑ Pham, Alex (June 24, 2002). "Sega's Business Becomes a Dream". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved January 23, 2015.
  54. ↑ "Graphs: Sega's Year-To-Date". IGN. October 3, 2002. Retrieved January 23, 2015.
  55. ↑ "The Top 100 Games of the 21st Century". Edge. July 29, 2006. p. 3. Archived from the original on January 28, 2015. Retrieved January 23, 2015.
  56. 1 2 Kent, Steven L. (September 12, 2002). "Super Monkey’s on my back". The Japan Times. Retrieved January 23, 2015.
  57. ↑ Bromwell, Tom (September 24, 2001). "Hip to be Cube!". Eurogamer. Retrieved January 23, 2015.
  58. 1 2 "The 100 Best Games To Play Today". Edge. March 9, 2009. Archived from the original on October 29, 2014. Retrieved January 27, 2015.
  59. ↑ cf. "Cosmo's thoughts on game design". CosmoSpeedruns via YouTube. February 8, 2013. Retrieved January 27, 2015.
  60. ↑ Gibson, Ellie (May 25, 2006). "Super Monkey Ball Saves Lives". Eurogamer. Retrieved January 27, 2015.
  61. ↑ Patterson, Blake (July 8, 2008). "Neverball: A Free Alternative to Super Monkey Ball". TouchArcade. Archived from the original on January 22, 2015. Retrieved February 25, 2015.
  62. ↑ "NP Top 200: The Countdown Concludes with the Final 40". Nintendo Power 19 (200): 58. February 2006.
  63. ↑ Mott, Tony (2013). 1001 Video Games You Must Play Before You Die. New York, New York: Universe Publishing. p. 442. ISBN 978-0-7893-2090-2.
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