Newington, Connecticut

Newington is a town in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States. Located 8 miles (13 km) south of downtown Hartford, Newington is an older, mainly residential suburb located in Greater Hartford. As of the 2010 census, it had a population of 30,562.^[2] The Connecticut Department of Transportation has its headquarters in Newington.

Newington is home to Mill Pond Falls, near the center of town.^[3] It is celebrated each fall during the Waterfall Festival.

The American Radio Relay League is headquartered in Newington, with a call sign of W1AW.

That's Newington headquarters in Northeast Utilities of 2-story building parking garage and level of Northeast Utilities in Newington, CT

History

Newington has a history of nearly 375 years. While not established officially as a separate town until 1871, settlers from nearby Wethersfield took up residence on the western frontier of their riverside town in 1636. “West Society,” as some called it, was an area rich in timber that was used for pipe staves, barrel-sized containers used for colonial trade. Grand pastures also made the land ideal for herding and grazing cattle. Its inhabitants received land grants from Wethersfield leaders. Known as “West Farms,” the area west of the central portion of Wethersfield became settled by those who were almost exclusively the descendants of the earliest Wethersfield settlers. In 1721, the “western” farmers requested that the General Assembly of the Connecticut Colony give their land the name “Newington” to denote “the new town in the meadow.” The Assembly granted the request, even though it took another 150 years before Newington officially became an incorporated town. The town’s name predates its official existence.

Newington’s motto inscribed on its town seal is “growth and progress,” which it began putting into effect at the end of the eighteenth century. In 1798, the precursor to the Berlin Turnpike was authorized and it changed the complexion of the land by dividing the vast farmlands from the commercial center. Originally called the Hartford and New Haven Turnpike, the route attracted a number of businesses from north to south between Hartford and New Haven.

The town came into its own at the start of the nineteenth century. Its location in the center of Connecticut attracted an increasing number of residents and commercial enterprises. Veteran of the War of 1812 Levi Lusk established one of the first businesses on the Turnpike, a tavern that stood as a precursor to the many motels, bars, stores, and restaurants that would come later. Railroads passed through Newington as early as the 1830s, which accelerated residential and commercial expansion. More homes were built and businesses established as the nineteenth century unfolded.

Newington grew in population and area by the second half of the nineteenth century. Wethersfield had done likewise, and two population centers were produced as a result. One centered on Wethersfield’s inner village still closely tied to the Connecticut River; the other in Newington had developed its own identity distinct from its mother town.

An 1870 map of Newington shows that the town was divided into four districts—the North, the Middle, the South, and the South-east—that ran from east to west. From north to south, four main roads traversed the four districts starting from what is today the West Hartford line extending all the way to the Berlin line to the east. Later the roads would be called the Berlin Turnpike, Main Street, Willard Avenue, and Church Street. The town extended four miles in a north-south direction and three miles in an east-west direction.^[4]

Incorporation and the Modern Era

Main Street, Newington CT

In 1871, Newington had a population of 871 people with 132 dwellings, and roughly 130 farms, a substantial increase from the start of the nineteenth century. When Wethersfield town leaders refused to fund highway improvements for better access to the railroads, the town formally declared its independence on July 10.

Newington’s incorporation coincided with the emergence of the modern era. John Fish’s Store, in the center of town off Willard Street (later Willard Avenue), got the town’s first telephone in 1883. The trolley began service in Newington in 1894 and connected Hartford and New Britain. The ride from Newington to the city took 20 minutes and cost five cents. Not only did residents marvel at the invention, but took note of its revolutionizing force; it was now possible to live in Newington and to work in surrounding cities. Farms still comprised the bulk of Newington land, but the road to the world of suburbia was being paved.

The trolley spurred more population growth. Newington had only 1,000 people living in it at the start of the twentieth century, but the number reached 4,000 by 1930. At first, Anglos moved to the town from Hartford and New Britain as foreign-born Poles, Italians, and Irish settled in those cities.

Automobiles, the most visible sign of technological progress, encouraged more immigration and did away with many farms. In the 1930s, Newington’s political leaders facilitated this change by paving dirt roads, despite the Great Depression which ground much business activity to a halt. Cars as well as the bus system replaced the trolley service in 1937.^[5]

Modernization, to Newington, meant more than just trolleys, automobiles, and buses. Using government as an instrument of social improvement, in the spirit of the Progressives, reflected advancement in the early decades of the twentieth century. In 1898 Newington’s Virginia Thrall Smith had appealed to the town's political leaders to build an asylum in Newington for the purpose of caring for neglected children. Overwhelmingly the town approved the request after Smith purchased land at the foot of Cedar Mountain in the town’s eastern portion. Initially, it had been called the Home for Incurables, but in 1968 would be renamed The Newington Children’s Hospital. Three other hospitals were built in town in the early twentieth century contemporaneous with the rise of Progressivism, including the 1911 establishment of Connecticut’s first tuberculosis sanitarium on Cedar Mountain.

By the 1940s, Newington experienced the same level of expansion and population growth that other towns around the state had. The Hartford/New Haven Turnpike was renamed the Berlin Turnpike in 1942, and the road was widened from 18 feet (5.5 m) to 200 feet (61 m) the same year, a clear indication that this part of Newington had become vital to the town's commercial life. Mill Pond, in the western part of town, remained a big attraction for residents because of its natural beauty; its 16-foot natural waterfall remains the smallest in the United States and is depicted on the town seal. But the lifeblood of the community by mid century had shifted away from the area and toward the Turnpike, now known as "gasoline alley" because of the vast number of gas stations there.^[6]

Newington's population grew from 5,449 in 1940 to 9,110 in 1950. Along with North Haven, this increase constituted the fastest in the state. By the last decades of the twentieth century, the town's manufacturing base had begun to face dramatic challenges. Newington became the victim of the dwindling defense industry, while at the same time its own businesses such as the Torrington Company, a manufacturer of automobile parts, solvents, and surgical staplers and Loctite, a specialty adhesives maker, left town in the mid-1990s. The building of Interstate 91 and Interstate 84 earlier in the century had affected Newington businesses adversely by making other cities and towns more attractive to industry and but for the success of shopping centers, condominium development, and the continued commercial activity of the Berlin Turnpike, Newington might have seen a sharper economic decline as the twentieth century came to an end.

Newington's population had increased to 29,701 in 2009 and was projected to surpass 30,000 by 2013. The town remained mostly residential with the exception of the Berlin Turnpike, which witnessed a renewed proliferation of commercial enterprises. Reflecting the conspicuous nature of technological advancement, the Turnpike, by the start of the new century, saw the replacement of small businesses with new and larger chain stores.^[7]

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 13.1 square miles (34.0 km²). None of the area is covered with water, except for two small ponds, found in the town's largest parks, and various small streams. The town of Newington is bordered by the capital city of Hartford to the north, as well as the suburbs of (clockwise from Hartford) Wethersfield, Rocky Hill, Berlin, New Britain, Farmington, and West Hartford. The town consists mostly of residential areas, although it is also home to the Berlin Turnpike, a large, commercial highway.

Mill Pond Falls

The town seal depicts Mill Pond Falls, named for a sawmill that was built there in 1860. The 16-foot (4.9 m) high falls, located in central Newington at Mill Pond Park, is the smallest natural waterfall in the country.^[3]^[8]^[9] A walking path that encircles Mill Pond includes a footbridge which crosses over the waterfall. There is also an observation area with benches at the base of the falls. The park is popular with local residents as a place to walk dogs, ice skate, jog, and picnic; it also hosts the occasional wedding party and festivals. It is open year round.

Starting in 2000, the Newington Waterfall Committee has celebrated the famed waterfall through the Waterfall Festival, held every September in the center of town. The festival features over 72 vendors and local music groups, as well as the "Artist's Chalk Walk" in which artists of all ages compete to create the best chalk drawing while passersby attend the festival.^[10] On April 17, 2010, the Newington Waterfall Committee agreed to plant a Crimson Maple dubbed the "Thankful Tree" at the falls, giving Newington residents the chance to write on tags what they are thankful for.^[11]

Newington Junction

Newington Junction is a section of town centered at the intersection of Willard Avenue. It contains three historic districts and the Newington Junction Railroad Depot.

Demographics

Historical population
Census	Pop.		%±
1880	934		—
1890	953		2.0%
1900	1,041		9.2%
1910	1,689		62.2%
1920	2,381		41.0%
1930	4,572		92.0%
1940	5,449		19.2%
1950	9,110		67.2%
1960	17,664		93.9%
1970	26,037		47.4%
1980	28,841		10.8%
1990	29,208		1.3%
2000	29,306		0.3%
2010	30,562		4.3%
Est. 2014	30,685	^[12]	0.4%
U.S. Decennial Census^[13]

As of the census^[14] of 2010, there are 30,562 people, 13,011 households, and 8,253 families residing in the town. The population density is 2,310/sq mi. There are 12,699 housing units at an average density of 930.4 per square mile. The racial makeup of the town is 86.5% White, 3.5% Black or African American, 0.2% Native American, 5.7% Asian, 0.0% Pacific Islander, 1.20% from other races, and 2% from two or more races. 7.6% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There are 13,011 households out of which 19.8% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.7% are married couples living together, 11.3% have a female householder with no husband present, and 34.3% are non-families. 28.8% of all households are made up of individuals and 12.4% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.4 and the average family size is 2.97.

In the town the population is spread out with 21.9% under the age of 19, 5% from 20 to 24, 25.3% from 25 to 44, 29.4% from 45 to 64, and 18.5% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 44 years. For every 100 females there are 88.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 84.0 males.

The median income for a household in the town is $75,237, and the median income for a family is $79,792. Males have a median income of $43,475 versus $35,601 for females. The per capita income for the town is $33,745. 3.5% of the population and 4.6% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 3.7% of those under the age of 18 and 3.2% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line. The median home value is $235,300.

Government

Newington received its Charter from the State of Connecticut in 1871 and is currently governed under the Council-Manager form of government, a system that combines the policy leadership of elected officials in the form of a Town Council, with the professional, managerial, and leadership expertise of an appointed Town Manager. The Town Council is the legislative body for the Town of Newington, and nine members are elected to serve two year terms. The Town Council meets on the 2nd and 4th Tuesday of each month.

The Mayor, elected separately, is a member and presiding official of the Council with the power to vote. Recognized as the official head of the Town for ceremonial and military purposes, the Mayor has the authority to appoint the Town Attorney, Director of Health and Clerk of the Council.^[15]

State Government

The Connecticut Department of Transportation has its headquarters in Newington.^[16] The United States Postal Service operates the Newington Post Office.^[17]

Transportation

Railroad

Newington Junction CTfastrak station under construction, December 2014

Although Amtrak does not currently serve Newington directly, the town center is located approximately 8 miles (13 km) south of Hartford's Union Station. Additionally, Newington is a planned stop along the Hartford Line, a proposed commuter rail service from New Haven to Springfield that will use existing tracks, with a possible shuttle bus connection in Windsor Locks for Bradley International Airport. As of December 2015, funding has been secured to finance the construction of the new line, with service scheduled to begin in early 2018.^[18] The State of Connecticut has secured funding for restoration of the Newington Junction Railroad Depot, a passenger rail station located off Willard Avenue (CT-173) in the Newington Junction neighborhood. Although the first train station was built on the site in 1850, rail service was discontinued in 1959.^[19]

Bus rapid transit

In March 2015, CTfastrak, Connecticut's first bus rapid transit corridor opened, providing a separated right-of-way between Hartford and New Britain with a stop at Newington Junction.^[20] The station consists of two side platforms serving the busway, with two center passing lanes to allow express buses to pass buses stopped at the station.^[21] It opened with the line on March 28, 2015.

Buses

Newington is served by a few bus routes operated by Connecticut Transit, including the 69, 41, 47 and 45. Additionally, the 907 Newington Express provides express service to downtown Hartford.

Education

Newington Public Schools operates public schools in Newington.

There are seven public schools in Newington. There are four elementary schools, which teach pre-kindergarten through fourth grade. Children attend the elementary school which is located in the district in which they reside.^[22] The names of the elementary schools are Elizabeth Green, Anna Reynolds, John Paterson, and Ruth Chaffee. There are also two middle schools in town, Martin Kellogg and John Wallace, which teach grades five through eight. Newington High School is attended by graduates of both middle schools and teaches grades nine through twelve.

Private schools in Newington include St. Mary's, a parochial school which teaches grades Pre-K through Grade 8, and Emmanuel Christian Academy (Connecticut), which teaches Kindergarten through Grade 6.

The Connecticut Distance Learning Consortium is located in Newington.

Newington High School

Until 1933, students of high school age in Newington traveled to Hartford or New Britain to attend high school. In 1933 eleven rooms were added to the existing junior high school to accommodate grades eleven and twelve. The first senior high graduating class was the class of 1938.

By 1940 improvisation was needed to serve Newington students in already limited space. World War II prevented a building program, but in 1949 Newington's citizenry voted to build a new high school building. This new building was occupied by 1951 and the first class to complete three years in the "new" Newington Senior High School graduated in 1954. Very soon, Newington's population growth was reflected in the overcrowded conditions at the high school. By the mid-sixties planning began for a new high school building. Meanwhile, the student population continued to grow. As a result, double sessions were instituted in 1967 and continued through 1971.

In March 1971, Newington High School students and faculty were in their new location at 605 Willard Avenue, and on October 3, 1971, formal dedication ceremonies were held. The high school currently occupies the building built in 1971. The original building (the first separate junior high) was razed, and the former Newington Senior High School of 1951 was renovated and is now used as the Town Hall and the Police Department.

Notable alumni include Grace Lenczyk,1948 U.S. Women's Amateur Golf Champion, Canadian Women's Open Amateur Champion and National Intercollegiate Women's Champion, Karl Swanke, an offensive lineman in the NFL for the Green Bay Packers (1980–1986), and Bill Rodgers, a four-time winner of the Boston Marathon (1975, 1978–80). ^[23]

Miscellaneous schools

The Japanese School of Greater Hartford (ハートフォード日本語補習授業校 Hātofōdo Nihongo Hoshū Jugyō Kō), a Japanese weekend educational program, holds its classes in the Saint Mary School in Newington.^[24]^[25]

Emergency services

Newington is served by the Connecticut state police, the local municipal police, and the United States Department of Veterans' Affairs Police Department. The municipal police department consists of 52 full-time sworn officers,^[26] who also act as the town's first responders for medical emergencies. All officers have gone through first responder training once more to implement the use of new automatic external defibrillators that will be carried in their vehicles.

The town has an incorporated volunteer ambulance service, that provides basic life support and transport services Monday through Friday from 6:00 pm – 6:00 am and weekends 24 hours.^[27] Advanced life support and transport during all other times is provided by American Medical Response. With this system the taxpayers get charged one bill sent by the volunteer ambulance with the Advance Life Support charge included. This system is used by several surrounding towns in the Greater Hartford Area.

The town is served by a fire department that is 100% volunteer and was founded in 1917. Besides the school system, it is the only part of town government that is not under the control of the Town Council or Town Manager. The volunteer fire department is run by an elected board of three fire commissioners, which appoints the fire marshal,^[28] the chief, and all officers.^[29] A study was undertaken during the administration of former town manager Paul Fetherston that recommended eliminating the board of fire commissioners and placing the department under the control of the town manager. During the 2008 round of Charter Revision, both the immediate past mayor (Mortenson)^[30] and current town manager (Salomone)^[31] brought up the topic of the fire services organizational structure.

Library

The town is served by the Lucy Robbins Welles Library on Cedar Street. The library opened in 1939 with money and land provided by prominent local sisters Fanny A. Welles and Mary Welles Eddy. The library is named for their mother.^[32] In 1988, the library received a major renovation that updated and expanded the building while preserving much of the original edifice.^[33] Today, the library holds over 167,000 items. The library exceeds the national average in books per capita (5.6 books vs. 2.8 national), visits per capita (7.2 visits vs. 4.9 national), and books borrowed per person (12.5 books vs. 7.4 national).^[34]

Notable locations

Katsura Tree in Newington, CT

Gen. Martin Kellogg House, built in 1808 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1987
The National Iwo Jima Memorial, located on Ella Grasso Boulevard on the Newington and New Britain town line
The Newington Junction North, South, and West Historic Districts
Newington Junction Railroad Depot, built in 1870 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986
Willard Homestead (Newington, Connecticut), built in 1730 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986
Hiram Percy Maxim Memorial Station (amateur radio station W1AW), on the grounds of the American Radio Relay League, built in 1938.^[35]

Notable people

Amy Archer-Gilligan (1873–1962), nursing home proprietor and serial killer who ran a home for the elderly in town from 1904 to 1907
Ed Cody (1923–1994), NFL player for Green Bay Packers and Chicago Bears from 1947 to 1950, born in Newington^[36]
Richard P. Freeman (1869–1944), Spanish–American War veteran and US congressman, died in town
John Pezzenti (1952–2007), wildlife photographer born in town
Lindy Remigino (1931–), gold medalist (100 meters & 4 × 100 meters) 1952 Olympics^[37]

References

↑ "Town of Newington Boards, Commissions, and Committees" (PDF). Town of Newington website. Retrieved 2015-04-30.
↑ "Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Newington town, Hartford County, Connecticut". U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder. Retrieved November 28, 2012.
1 2 Pulte Homes | Community Brochure. Pulte.com. Retrieved on 2013-08-21.
↑ "Town History". Town of Newington, Connecticut. Retrieved 5 December 2015.
↑ Baxter, Elizabeth Sweetser (1971). The Centennial History of Newington. Hartford, CT: Lucy Robbins Welles Library. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
↑ Ravo, Nick (16 October 1987). "Highway Strip Recaptures Its Glory Days". New York Times. Retrieved 5 December 2015.
↑ Fierro, Rafaele. "Newington: A History". Tunxis Community College. Retrieved 5 December 2015.
↑ Newington Waterfall Festival. Newington Waterfall Festival (2010-04-17). Retrieved on 2013-08-21.
↑ Auto Glass Repair Manchester Store, Windshield Replacement CT shops | JN Phillips Auto Glass. Jnphillips.com. Retrieved on 2013-08-21.
↑ http://www.newingtonwaterfallfestival.com/ The official Water Festival event site.
↑ http://www.newingtonwaterfallfestival.com/about.html
↑ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014". Retrieved June 4, 2015.
↑ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
↑ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
↑ "Town Manager". Town of Newington. Town of Newington, Connecticut. Retrieved 5 December 2015.
↑ Home page. Connecticut Department of Transportation. Retrieved on November 12, 2009. "Connecticut Department of Transportation 2800 Berlin Turnpike Newington CT 06111"
↑ "Post Office Location - NEWINGTON." United States Postal Service. Retrieved on December 22, 2010.
↑ Stacom, Dan (4 December 2015). "Springfield-To-New Haven Commuter Rail Cost Increases, Service Begins In 2018". Hartford Courant. Retrieved 5 December 2015.
↑ Newton, Ronnie (13 January 2015). "Rail Station To Be Built in West Hartford". We-Ha.com. Retrieved 5 December 2015.
↑ Staggs, Julie (14 Mar 2013). "Busway Construction Will Impact Traffic On Flatbush Avenue". The Hartford Courant. Retrieved 5 April 2015.
↑ "Station Site Plans". Connecticut Department of Transportation. Retrieved 17 January 2015.
↑ Town of Newington Street Index Map With Elementary School Zones
↑ Newington High School
↑ "所在地." The Japanese School of Greater Hartford. Retrieved on April 1, 2015. Old URL.
↑ "北米の補習授業校一覧（平成25年4月15日現在）." (Archive) MEXT. Retrieved on May 5, 2014. "c/o Saint Mary School, 652 Willard Avenue, Newington, CT 06111 U.S.A."
↑ Town of Newington, CT - Police Home Page
↑ Newington Volunteer Ambulance Corps, Inc
↑ As required by Connecticut General Statutes Sec. 29-297
↑ Newington Town Charter, §C-202
↑ January 3, 2008 Charter Revision Commission Public Hearing Minutes, page 2
↑ February 14, 2008 Charter Revision Commission Special Meeting Minutes, page 4
↑ "About Us".
↑ "History of the Library".
↑ "The Lucy Robbins Welles Library Today".
↑ 41°42′53.2″N 072°43′37.9″W / 41.714778°N 72.727194°W / 41.714778; -72.727194 (W1AW)
↑ "Ed Cody". NFL "All-Time Players" database. NFL.com. Retrieved August 12, 2010.
↑ ANDERSON, WOODY (July 21, 1992). "When Remigino Was Fastest". Hartford Courant. Retrieved August 12, 2010.

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