Niigata 5th district

Niigata 5th district (新潟[県第]5区 Niigata[-ken dai-]go-ku) is a single-member electoral district for the House of Representatives, the lower house of the National Diet of Japan. It is located in the central, Chūetsu region of Niigata and covers parts of Nagaoka City (those parts that do not belong to the 2nd and 4th districts), the cities of Ojiya, Uonuma, Minami-Uonuma ("South Uonuma") as well as the former Minami-Uonuma County that, as of 2012, only has one remaining municipality: Yuzawa Town. As of September 2012, 282,904 voters were registered in Niigata 5th district, giving its voters above average vote weight.^[1]

Before the electoral reform, the area had formed part of the five-member Niigata 3rd district of former Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) president-prime minister, faction leader and "shadow shōgun" Kakuei Tanaka and his daughter Makiko Tanaka who became science and technology minister in the Murayama Cabinet in 1994. The second ranking representative from the 3rd district in the last pre-reform election of 1993 had been former Takeshita faction Liberal Democrat Yukio Hoshino who joined the defecting Japan Renewal Party in the 1993 no-confidence vote against LDP president-prime minister Kiichi Miyazawa. After the reform, Hoshino contested the new single-member 5th district against Tanaka for the New Frontier Party, but lost to Tanaka. Tanaka became foreign minister in the Koizumi Cabinet, but was dismissed in 2002; in the same year, a scandal over (state-funded) salaries for Representative's secretaries who had allegedly been employed (and already paid) by Echigo Kōtsū ("Echigo Transportation", a Tanaka family company) led eventually to her resignation.^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6] Hoshino won the resulting by-election as an independent and joined the LDP afterwards. But in the 2003 general election, Tanaka took the 5th district back by a clear margin and has held onto the seat since. She joined the Democratic Party (DPJ) parliamentary group in 2003 and the Democratic Party before the 2009 House of Representatives election. Tanaka was appointed a minister for the third time in the DPJ-led Noda Cabinet in 2012.

In the 2012 House of Representatives election, Tanaka lost the district – 65 years after her father was first elected to represent Niigata in the lower house. Only her husband Naoki (maiden name: Suzuki) continues the Tanaka tradition in the Diet as member of the House of Councillors from Niigata.

List of Representatives

Representative		Dates	Notes
Makiko Tanaka	LDP	1996–2002	LDP membership suspended in June 2002, resigned in August 2002
Vacant		August–October 2002
Yukio Hoshino	Independent	2002–2003	Re-joined the LDP in 2002
Makiko Tanaka	Independent	2003–2009	Joined the DPJ parliamentary group in 2003, the DPJ in 2009
Makiko Tanaka	DPJ	2009–2012	Not re-elected in the Hokuriku-Shin'etsu block
Tadayoshi Nagashima	LDP	2012–	Incumbent

Election results

2012^[7]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	LDP – Kōmeitō	Tadayoshi Nagashima	80,488	45.7	new
	DPJ – PNP	Makiko Tanaka	51,503	29.3	-19.8
	JRP – YP	Ryūichi Yoneyama	35,720	20.3	-20.8
	JCP	Kōichi Hattori	8,296	4.7	new

2009^[8]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	DPJ	Makiko Tanaka	103,202	49.1
	LDP – Kōmeitō, JRP	Ryūichi Yoneyama	86,453	41.1
	SDP	Shōichi Ibe	17,698	8.4
	Independent	Yoshitaka Yamada	1,458	0.7
	HRP	Ken'ya Kasamaki	1,323	0.6
Turnout			215,195	42.52

2005^[9]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Independent	Makiko Tanaka	105,484	51.2
	LDP	Ryūichi Yoneyama	82,993	40.3
	JCP	Minoru Saitō	17,693	8.6
Turnout			211,532	73.72

2003^[10]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Independent	Makiko Tanaka	98,112	49.1
	LDP	Yukio Hoshino	61,937	31.0
	Independent	Katsuhiko Shirakawa	30,086	15.1
	JCP	Minoru Saitō	9,506	4.8
Turnout			203,623	70.93

October 27, 2002 by-election^[11]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Independent	Yukio Hoshino	69,146	47.9
	Independent	Katsu Ishizumi	60,045	41.6
	JCP	Kayoko Kuwahara	15,298	10.6
Turnout			148,650	51.86

2000^[12]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	LDP	Makiko Tanaka	137,866	68.6
	SDP	Kichinosuke Meguro	50,208	25.0
	JCP	Eiji Katō	12,827	6.4

1996^[13]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	LDP	Makiko Tanaka	96,759	48.9
	NFP	Yukio Hoshino	75,524	38.1
	SDP	Masahide Kataoka	15,823	8.0
	JCP	Masayuki Kondō	9,961	5.0
Turnout			202,899	72.64

References

↑ Ministry of general affairs: 平成24年9月2日現在選挙人名簿及び在外選挙人名簿登録者数
↑ The Japan Times, April 8, 2002: Both camps pursue Tanaka over salaries
↑ The Japan Times, August 10, 2002: Former Foreign Minister Tanaka tenders Diet resignation. Questions remain over role in salary scandal
↑ The Japan Times, August 11, 2002: Tanaka bombshell leaves LDP in by-election crisis
↑ The Japan Times, October 3, 2003: Tanaka staging return to politics
↑ The Japan Times, October 23, 2003: Tanaka submits resignation to LDP; party demurs
↑ 総選挙2012>開票結果　小選挙区　新潟. Yomiuri Shimbun (in Japanese). Retrieved 2013-03-15.
↑ 第45回衆議院議員選挙 - 新潟5区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). Heartbeats Corp. Retrieved 2012-11-06.
↑ 第44回衆議院議員選挙 - 新潟5区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). Heartbeats Corp. Retrieved 2012-11-06.
↑ 第43回衆議院議員選挙 - 新潟5区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). Heartbeats Corp. Retrieved 2012-11-06.
↑ 第42回衆議院議員補欠選挙 - 新潟5区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). Heartbeats Corp. Retrieved 2012-11-06.
↑ 第42回衆議院議員選挙 - 新潟5区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). Heartbeats Corp. Retrieved 2012-11-06.
↑ 第41回衆議院議員選挙 - 新潟5区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). Heartbeats Corp. Retrieved 2012-11-06.

Single-member districts and proportional representation "blocks" for the Japanese House of Representatives since 1996

Speaker of the House of Representatives of Japan: Tadamori Ōshima, Aomori 3 Vice Speaker of the House of Representatives of Japan: Tatsuo Kawabata, Kinki PR

Hokkaido proportional representation block - 8 seats	Hokkaido 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 (13)

Tohoku proportional representation block - 14 seats	Aomori 1 2 3 4 Iwate 1 2 3 4 Miyagi 1 2 3 4 5 6 Akita 1 2 3 Yamagata 1 2 3 (4) Fukushima 1 2 3 4 5

Kitakanto proportional representation block - 20 seats	Ibaraki 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Tochigi 1 2 3 4 5 Gunma 1 2 3 4 5 Saitama 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

Minamikanto proportional representation block - 22 seats	Chiba 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Kanagawa 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Yamanashi 1 2 (3)

Tokyo proportional representation block - 17 seats	Tokyo 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

Hokurikushinetsu proportional representation block - 11 seats	Niigata 1 2 3 4 5 6 Toyama 1 2 3 Ishikawa 1 2 3 Fukui 1 2 (3) Nagano 1 2 3 4 5

Tokai proportional representation block - 21 seats	Gifu 1 2 3 4 5 Shizuoka 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 (9) Aichi 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Mie 1 2 3 4 5

Kinki proportional representation block - 29 seats	Shiga 1 2 3 4 Kyoto 1 2 3 4 5 6 Osaka 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Hyogo 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Nara 1 2 3 4 Wakyama 1 2 3

Chugoku proportional representation block - 11 seats	Tottori 1 2 Shimane 1 2 (3) Okayama 1 2 3 4 5 Hiroshima 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Yamaguchi 1 2 3 4

Shikoku proportional representation block - 6 seats	Tokushima 1 2 (3) Kagawa 1 2 3 Ehime 1 2 3 4 Kōchi 1 2 (3)

Kyushu proportional representation block - 21 seats	Fukuoka 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Saga 1 2 (3) Nagasaki 1 2 3 4 Kumamoto 1 2 3 4 5 Oita 1 2 3 (4) Miyazaki 1 2 3 Kagoshma 1 2 3 4 5 Okinawa 1 2 3 4

(in parentheses): districts eliminated in the 2002 and 2013 reapportionments

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