Yamaguchi 4th district

Yamaguchi 4th district (山口県第4区 Yamaguchi-ken dai-yon-ku) is a single-member electoral district for the House of Representatives, the lower house of the National Diet of Japan. It is located in Western Yamaguchi and consists of the cities of Shimonoseki and Nagato. As of September 2011, 266,456 voters were registered in the district, giving its voters well above average (347,878 voters per district) vote weight.^[1] Unlike many prefectures where the capital is also the most populous city, Yamaguchi's major city is Shimonoseki, located at the western tip of Honshū and part of the Fukuoka-Kitakyūshū metropolitan area.

Yamaguchi is home to the Kishi-Abe-Satō prime ministerial family whose members have represented the prefecture in the Diet for much of the postwar era and the Tanaka prime ministerial family that produced its first two elected governors. Western Yamaguchi formed the four-member 1st district until the electoral reform of the 1990s, its representatives included Shintarō Abe, Shinzō Abe and Tatsuo Tanaka, but also other prominent conservatives such as finance minister Yoshirō Hayashi or Takeo Kawamura who went on to become Chief Cabinet Secretary in the 2000s. The Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) usually won the district three seats to one. In the electoral reform, the 1st district was split up into the single-member 3rd and 4th districts. In the first post-reform election of 1996, the 4th district was contested by Shinzō Abe and Takaaki Koga, himself a former Liberal Democrat who in 1993 took the opposition seat in the 1st district from the Socialists for the Renewal Party. But Abe won, and has easily held onto the seat since. He was elected LDP president in 2006 against Tarō Asō and Sadakazu Tanigaki, but resigned after one year. In 2012, the party – in opposition since 2009 – once more elected him as the third LDP president not to become prime minister immediately after his election. Abe then subsequently won the 2012 election in a landslide victory against the DPJ of Yoshihiko Noda, returning the LDP to power (with coalition partner New Komeito, the LDP have a two-thirds majority and can break a deadlock in the Diet).

List of Representatives

Representative	Party		Dates	Notes
Shinzō Abe		LDP	1996–	Incumbent; Prime Minister of Japan 2006-07, and 2012-present

Election results

2012^[2]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	LDP – Kōmeitō^[3]	Shinzō Abe	118,696	78.2
	DPJ	Shintarō Zaima	19,336	12.7
	JCP	Norio Higaki	13,815	9.1

2009^[4]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	LDP – Kōmeitō	Shinzō Abe	121,365	64.3
	DPJ – PNP	Takako Tokura	58,795	31.1
	JCP	Daisuke Kisaki	8,725	4.6
Turnout			191,199	71.05

2005^[5]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	LDP	Shinzō Abe	137,701	73.6
	DPJ	Takashi Katō	36,847	19.7
	JCP	Daisuke Kisaki	12,499	6.7
Turnout			190,032	68.94

2003^[6]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	LDP	Shinzō Abe	140,347	79.7
	SDP	Jun'ichirō Kojima	21,202	12.0
	JCP	Hiroshi Ikenoue	14,438	8.2
Turnout			180,044	65.01

2000^[7]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	LDP	Shinzō Abe	121,835	71.7
	JCP	Hiroshi Ikenoue	48,068	28.3

1996^[8]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	LDP	Shinzō Abe	93,459	54.3
	NFP	Takaaki Koga	59,676	34.7
	JCP	Hiroshi Ikenoue	18,853	11.0
Turnout			176,042	63.32

References

↑ Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (Sōmu-shō, lit. "Ministry of general affars"): 平成２３年９月２日現在選挙人名簿及び在外選挙人名簿登録者数
↑ 第46回衆議院議員選挙 - 山口4区. ザ･選挙 (The Senkyo, lit. "The Election[s]", a website about elections in Japan with an election results database covering all national elections since 1890 and recent prefectural and municipal elections; originally created by citizen online newspaper JANJAN and resold twice) (in Japanese). Heartbeats Corp. Retrieved 2012-12-19.
↑ Yomiuri Shimbun: election results in Yamaguchi's single-member districts
↑ 第45回衆議院議員選挙 - 山口4区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). Heartbeats Corp. Retrieved 2012-11-19.
↑ 第44回衆議院議員選挙 - 山口4区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). Heartbeats Corp. Retrieved 2012-11-19.
↑ 第43回衆議院議員選挙 - 山口4区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). Heartbeats Corp. Retrieved 2012-11-19.
↑ 第42回衆議院議員選挙 - 山口4区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). Heartbeats Corp. Retrieved 2012-11-19.
↑ 第41回衆議院議員選挙 - 山口4区. ザ･選挙 (in Japanese). Heartbeats Corp. Retrieved 2012-11-19.

House of Representatives of Japan
Preceded by Kanagawa 11th district	Constituency represented by the Prime Minister 2006–2007	Succeeded by Gunma 4th district
Preceded by Chiba 4th district	Constituency represented by the Prime Minister 2012 – present	Succeeded by incumbent

Single-member districts and proportional representation "blocks" for the Japanese House of Representatives since 1996

Speaker of the House of Representatives of Japan: Tadamori Ōshima, Aomori 3 Vice Speaker of the House of Representatives of Japan: Tatsuo Kawabata, Kinki PR

Hokkaido proportional representation block - 8 seats	Hokkaido 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 (13)

Tohoku proportional representation block - 14 seats	Aomori 1 2 3 4 Iwate 1 2 3 4 Miyagi 1 2 3 4 5 6 Akita 1 2 3 Yamagata 1 2 3 (4) Fukushima 1 2 3 4 5

Kitakanto proportional representation block - 20 seats	Ibaraki 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Tochigi 1 2 3 4 5 Gunma 1 2 3 4 5 Saitama 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

Minamikanto proportional representation block - 22 seats	Chiba 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Kanagawa 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Yamanashi 1 2 (3)

Tokyo proportional representation block - 17 seats	Tokyo 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

Hokurikushinetsu proportional representation block - 11 seats	Niigata 1 2 3 4 5 6 Toyama 1 2 3 Ishikawa 1 2 3 Fukui 1 2 (3) Nagano 1 2 3 4 5

Tokai proportional representation block - 21 seats	Gifu 1 2 3 4 5 Shizuoka 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 (9) Aichi 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Mie 1 2 3 4 5

Kinki proportional representation block - 29 seats	Shiga 1 2 3 4 Kyoto 1 2 3 4 5 6 Osaka 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Hyogo 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Nara 1 2 3 4 Wakyama 1 2 3

Chugoku proportional representation block - 11 seats	Tottori 1 2 Shimane 1 2 (3) Okayama 1 2 3 4 5 Hiroshima 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Yamaguchi 1 2 3 4

Shikoku proportional representation block - 6 seats	Tokushima 1 2 (3) Kagawa 1 2 3 Ehime 1 2 3 4 Kōchi 1 2 (3)

Kyushu proportional representation block - 21 seats	Fukuoka 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Saga 1 2 (3) Nagasaki 1 2 3 4 Kumamoto 1 2 3 4 5 Oita 1 2 3 (4) Miyazaki 1 2 3 Kagoshma 1 2 3 4 5 Okinawa 1 2 3 4

(in parentheses): districts eliminated in the 2002 and 2013 reapportionments

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