Andes virus

Andes virus
Virus classification
Group: Group V ((-)ssRNA)
Family: Bunyaviridae
Genus: Hantavirus
Species: Andes virus

Andes virus (ANDV) is a hantavirus, which, in South America, is a major causative agent of Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS or HPS).

Background

Due to the Andes virus infection, HCPS has a case fatality percentage of about 25–35% in Argentina[1] and of 37% in Chile.[2] ANDV, lineage ANDV-Sout, is the only hantavirus for which a person-to-person transmission has been described.[3][4][5] Several ANDV strains are co-circulating in Argentina, e.g. Bermejo, Lechiguanas, Maciel, Oran and Pergamino,[6] whereas HCPS cases were also reported in Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay. Only for Chile and Argentina can they be strictly associated with ANDV.

In Argentina and Chile, the long-tailed rice rat, Oligoryzomys longicaudatus, and other species of the genus Oligoryzomys represent the reservoir for ANDV.[7][8][9] Another unique characteristic of ANDV is the availability of an animal model. ANDV causes lethal disease in the Syrian Hamster that closely models the course of disease progression in humans, including a rapid progression from first symptoms to death, including fluid in the pleural cavity and the histopathology of the lungs and spleen.[10] Lethality of ANDV in hamsters is not true of all HCPS viruses, as challenge with Sin Nombre virus shows no symptoms of disease.[10] The availability of this model allows for the study of various drugs and other treatments that may have an impact on the treatment of all HCPS-causing hantavirus infections.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Paula Padula. "Personal Communication". Buenos Aires.
  2. ↑ Government of Chile. "Ministry of Health, 2005".
  3. ↑ Padula; et al. "1998".
    Martinez VP, Bellomo C, San Juan J, Pinna D, Forlenza R, Elder M, Padula PJ; Bellomo; San Juan; Pinna; Forlenza; Elder; Padula (December 2005). "Person-to-person transmission of Andes virus". Emerg Infect Dis 11 (12): 1848–53. doi:10.3201/eid1112.050501. PMC 3367635. PMID 16485469.
  4. ↑ Toro J, Vega JD, Khan AS, Mills JN, Padula P; et al. (October–December 1998). "An outbreak of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, Chile, 1997". Emerg Infect Dis 4 (4): 687–94. doi:10.3201/eid0404.980425. PMC 2640255. PMID 9866751.
  5. ↑ Wells, Rachel M.; Estani, Sergio Sosa; Yadon, Zaida E.; Enria, Delia; Padula, Paula; Pini, Noemi; Della Valle, Marcelo Gonzalez; Mills, James N.; Peters, Clarence J. (Oct 1998). "Seroprevalence of Antibodies to Hantavirus in Health Care Workers and Other Residents of Southern Argentina". Clinical Infectious Diseases 27 (4): 895–896. doi:10.1086/517161. PMID 9798052.
  6. ↑ Padula; et al. "2000, 2002".
  7. ↑ Wells RM, Sosa Estani S, Yadon ZE, Enria D, Padula P, Pini N, Mills JN, Peters CJ, Segura EL; Sosa Estani; Yadon; Enria; Padula; Pini; Mills; Peters; Segura (April–June 1997). "An unusual hantavirus outbreak in southern Argentina: person-to-person transmission? Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome Study Group for Patagonia". Emerg Infect Dis 3 (2): 171–4. doi:10.3201/eid0302.970210. PMC 2627608. PMID 9204298.
  8. ↑ Levis S, Morzunov SP, Rowe JE, Enria D, Pini N, Calderon G, Sabattini M, St Jeor SC; Morzunov; Rowe; Enria; Pini; Calderon; Sabattini; St Jeor (March 1998). "Genetic diversity and epidemiology of hantaviruses in Argentina". J Infect Dis 177 (3): 529–38. doi:10.1086/514221. PMID 9498428.
  9. ↑ Cantoni G, Padula P, Calderón G, Mills J, Herrero E, Sandoval P, Martinez V, Pini N, Larrieu E; Padula; Calderón; Mills; Herrero; Sandoval; Martinez; Pini; Larrieu (October 2001). "Seasonal variation in prevalence of antibody to hantaviruses in rodents from southern Argentina". Trop Med Int Health 6 (10): 811–6. doi:10.1046/j.1365-3156.2001.00788.x. PMID 11679129.
  10. 1 2 Hooper JW, Larsen T, Custer DM, Schmaljohn CS; Larsen; Custer; Schmaljohn (October 2001). "A lethal disease model for hantavirus pulmonary syndrome". Virology 289 (1): 6–14. doi:10.1006/viro.2001.1133. PMID 11601912.

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