Orders of magnitude (luminance)

This page lists examples of luminances, measured in candelas per square metre and grouped by order of magnitude.

Factor
(cd/m2)		 Multiple Value Item
10−6 µcd/m2 1 µcd/m2 Absolute threshold of vision[1]
10−5
10−4 400 µcd/m2 Darkest sky[2]
10−3 mcd/m2 1 mcd/m2 Night sky[3]
1.4 mcd/m2 Typical photographic scene lit by full moon[4]
5 mcd/m2 Approximate scotopic/mesopic threshold[5]
10−2 40 mcd/m2 Phosphorescent markings on a watch dial after 1 h in the dark[6][7]
10−1
100 cd/m2 2 cd/m2 Floodlit buildings, monuments, and fountains[8]
5 cd/m2 Approximate mesopic/photopic threshold[5]
101 25 cd/m2 Typical photographic scene at sunrise or sunset[4]
30 cd/m2 Green electroluminescent source[2]
55 cd/m2 Standard SMPTE cinema screen luminance[9]
80 cd/m2 Monitor white in the sRGB reference viewing environment
102 250 cd/m2 Peak luminance of a typical LCD monitor[10][11]
700 cd/m2 Typical photographic scene on overcast day[4][8][11]
103 kcd/m2 2 kcd/m2 Average cloudy sky[2]
2.5 kcd/m2 Moon surface[2][3]
5 kcd/m2 Typical photographic scene in full sunlight[4][8]
7 kcd/m2 Average clear sky[1][2][3][11]
104 10 kcd/m2 White illuminated cloud[3]
12 kcd/m2 Fluorescent lamp[2][3]
75 kcd/m2 Low pressure sodium-vapor lamp[3]
105 130 kcd/m2 Frosted incandescent light bulb[2][3][11]
600 kcd/m2 Solar disk at horizon[2]
106 Mcd/m2 7 Mcd/m2 Filament of a clear incandescent lamp[12]
107
108 100 Mcd/m2 Possible retinal damage[1]
109 Gcd/m2 1.6 Gcd/m2 Solar disk at noon[2][3]

See also

Notes and references

  1. 1 2 3 Hahn, Lance (1996). "Photometric Units". University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Department of Neuroscience. Retina Reference. Robert G. Smith. Retrieved 2013-10-10. (see http://retina.anatomy.upenn.edu/~rob/lance/articles.html for the references within)
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Mischler, Georg. "Lighting Design Glossary – Luminance". schorsch.com. Retrieved 2013-10-10.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Lighting Application". NVC Lighting Technology Corporation. Retrieved 2013-10-10.
  4. 1 2 3 4 based on Orders of magnitude (illuminance), assuming a typical photographic scene has the same reflectance as an 18% gray card
  5. 1 2 Halonen, Liisa; Bizjak, Grega. "CIE Mesopic photometry – implementation for outdoor lighting" (PDF). University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, laboratory of Lighting and Photometry. Retrieved 2013-10-10.
  6. ↑ "Luminosity in Watches". 2011-09-29. first decay graph of section 3.4 – The Afterglow. Retrieved 2013-10-11.
  7. ↑ "Characteristic and comparison between LumiNova G Series and conventional pigment" (PDF). Nemoto Lumi-Materials. 2011-11-09. afterglow graph on p. 1. Retrieved 2013-10-11.
  8. 1 2 3 based on this table of exposure values, assuming a reflected-light meter calibration constant of 12.5 cd·s/m2
  9. ↑ "Screen Luminance Data Sheet" (PDF). Harkness Screens International. Retrieved 2013-10-10.
  10. ↑ "Brightness and Contrast Ratio". Screen Tek. Retrieved 2013-10-10.
  11. 1 2 3 4 when sources quote wide ranges of possible values, a (rounded) geometric mean of those values is reported here
  12. ↑ "Basics of light and lighting" (PDF). Philips Lighting Academy. 2008. p. 29. Retrieved 2013-10-18.
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