Orthohepevirus
| Orthohepevirus | |
|---|---|
| Virus classification | |
| Group: | Group IV ((+)ssRNA) |
| Order: | Unassigned |
| Family: | Hepeviridae |
| Genus: | Orthohepevirus |
| Type species | |
| Orthohepevirus A | |
Orthohepevirus is a genus of viruses assigned to the Hepeviridae family. Orthohepevirus is a fairly isolated viral genus in which the virions are characterized by round, non-enveloped and isometric capsids with a diameter of 27–34 nm. The type species is Orthohepevirus A, more commonly known as the Hepatitis E virus.[1]
Genome
Orthohepevirus have RNA genomes of 7176 nucleotides in length and infect vertebrates. Additionally, the genome is monopartite, linear, and single-stranded. The genome is 5' capped with a poly A tail at the 3' end. The genome possesses three main open reading frames. The first encodes non-structural proteins, the second encodes the capsid proteins, and the third encodes a small, multifunctional protein.
Taxonomy
Viruses from this genus have been isolated from birds and bats.[2][3] The creation of new species within this genus to accommodate these viruses seems likely. At least three species of hepatitis E-like viruses have been isolated from birds.[4]
A Hepatitis E-like virus has been isolated from a Swedish moose.[5] This virus is quite distinct from the other known Hepatitis E viruses.
In total, the genus has four recognized species: Orthohepevirus A, Orthohepevirus B, which was previously known as the avian hepatitis E virus, Orthohepevirus C, and Orthohepevirus D.
References
- ↑ ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.084.0.01. Hepevirus. In: ICTVdB—The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA
- ↑ Drexler JF, Seelen A, Corman VM, Fumie Tateno A, Cottontail V, Melim Zerbinati R, Gloza-Rausch F, Klose SM, Adu-Sarkodie Y, Oppong SK, Kalko EK, Osterman A, Rasche A, Adam A, Müller MA, Ulrich RG, Leroy EM, Lukashev AN, Drosten C (2012) Bats worldwide carry hepatitis E-related viruses that form a putative novel genus within the family Hepeviridae. J Virol
- ↑ Marek A, Bilic I, Prokofieva I, Hess M (2010) Phylogenetic analysis of avian hepatitis E virus samples from European and Australian chicken flocks supports the existence of a different genus within the Hepeviridae comprising at least three different genotypes. Vet Microbiol 145(1–2):54–61
- ↑ Zhao Q, Sun Y, Zhou E (2012) Detection and description of avian hepatitis E virus isolated in China—a review. Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao 52(3):279–825
- ↑ Lin J, Norder H, Uhlhorn H, Belák S, Widén F (2013) Novel Hepatitis E like virus found in Swedish moose. J Gen Virol doi: 10.1099/vir.0.059238-0