Hepeviridae
| Hepeviridae | |
|---|---|
 | |
| TEM micrograph of hepatitis E virions. | |
| Virus classification | |
| Group: | Group IV ((+)ssRNA) |
| Family: | Hepeviridae |
| Genera | |
| |
Hepeviridae is a family of viruses. Human, pig, wild boar, monkey, some rodents, and chicken serve as natural hosts. There are five species in this family, divided between two genera. Diseases associated with this family include: hepatitis; high mortality rate during pregnancy; and avian hepatitis E virus is the cause of hepatitis-splenomegaly (HS) syndrome among chickens.[1][2]Orthohepevirus used to be known as Hepevirus. The virus that causes Hepatitis E belongs to the Orthohepevirus genus.
Taxonomy
Group: ssRNA(+)
- Family: Hepeviridae
- Genus: Orthohepevirus
- Orthohepevirus A
- Orthohepevirus B
- Orthohepevirus C
- Orthohepevirus D
- Genus: Piscihepevirus
- Piscihepevirus A
Structure
Viruses in Hepeviridae are non-enveloped, with icosahedral and spherical geometries, and T=1 symmetry. The diameter is around 32-34 nm. Genomes are linear and non-segmented, around 7.2kb in length. The genome has three open reading frames.[1]
| Genus | Structure | Symmetry | Capsid | Genomic Arrangement | Genomic Segmentation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Orthohepevirus | icosahedral, spherical | T=1 | Non-enveloped | Linear | Monopartite |
| Piscihepevirus | icosahedral, spherical | T=1 | Non-enveloped | Linear | Monopartite |
Life cycle
Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment of the virus to host receptors, which mediates clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded rna virus transcription is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by leaky scanning. Human, pig, wild boar, monkey, some rodents, and chicken serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are zoonosis and fomite.[1]
| Genus | Host Details | Tissue Tropism | Entry Details | Release Details | Replication Site | Assembly Site | Transmission |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Orthohepevirus | Human, pig, wild boar, monkey, some rodents, chicken | Attachment | Intestine, hepatocytes | Cytoplasm | Cytoplasm | zoonosis, fomite | |
| Piscihepevirus | Human, pig, wild boar, monkey, some rodents, chicken | Attachment | Intestine, hepatocytes | Cytoplasm | Cytoplasm | zoonosis, fomite |
References
- 1 2 3 "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
- 1 2 ICTV. "Virus Taxonomy: 2014 Release". Retrieved 15 June 2015.