p-Cymene
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| Names | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| IUPAC name
1-Methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)benzene | |||
| Other names
4-Isopropyltoluene; 4-Methylcumene; Paracymene | |||
| Identifiers | |||
99-87-6  | |||
| ChEBI | CHEBI:28768 | ||
| ChEMBL | ChEMBL442915 | ||
| ChemSpider | 7183 | ||
| EC Number | 202-796-7 | ||
| Jmol interactive 3D | Image | ||
| KEGG | C06575 | ||
| PubChem | 7463 | ||
| UNII | 1G1C8T1N7Q | ||
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| Properties | |||
| C10H14 | |||
| Molar mass | 134.21 g/mol | ||
| Appearance | Colourless liquid | ||
| Density | 0.857 g/cm3 | ||
| Melting point | −68 °C (−90 °F; 205 K) | ||
| Boiling point | 177 °C (351 °F; 450 K) | ||
| 23.4 mg/L | |||
| Hazards | |||
| R-phrases | R10 | ||
| S-phrases | S16 | ||
| Flash point | 47 °C (117 °F; 320 K) | ||
| 435 °C (815 °F; 708 K) | |||
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |||
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| Infobox references | |||
p-Cymene is a naturally occurring aromatic organic compound. It is classified as an alkylbenzene related to a monoterpene. Its structure consists of a benzene ring para-substituted with a methyl group and an isopropyl group. There are two less common geometric isomers. o-Cymene, in which the alkyl groups are ortho-substituted, and m-cymene, in which they are meta-substituted. p-Cymene is the only natural isomer. All three isomers form the group of cymenes.
p-Cymene is insoluble in water, but miscible with ethanol and diethyl ether.
It is a constituent of a number of essential oils, most commonly the oil of cumin and thyme. Significant amounts are formed in sulfite pulping process from the wood terpenes.
p-Cymene is a common ligand for ruthenium. The parent compound is [(η6-cymene)RuCl2]2. This half-sandwich compound is prepared by the reaction of ruthenium trichloride with the terpene α-phellandrene. The osmium complex is also known.[1]
References
- ↑ M. A. Bennett, T.-N. Huang, T. W. Matheson, A. K. Smith, Steven Ittel, William Nickerson (1982). "(η6-Hexamethylbenzene)Ruthenium Complexes". Inorganic Syntheses 21: 74–78. doi:10.1002/9780470132524.ch16.