PTRF

Polymerase I and transcript release factor
Identifiers
Symbols	PTRF ; CAVIN; CAVIN1; CGL4; FKSG13; cavin-1
External IDs	OMIM: 603198 MGI: 1277968 HomoloGene: 7499 GeneCards: PTRF Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • protein binding • rRNA primary transcript binding • poly(A) RNA binding Cellular component • nucleus • nucleoplasm • cytoplasm • mitochondrion • endoplasmic reticulum • cytosol • plasma membrane • caveola • intracellular membrane-bounded organelle • protein complex • membrane raft Biological process • regulation of transcription, DNA-templated • transcription from RNA polymerase I promoter • transcription initiation from RNA polymerase I promoter • termination of RNA polymerase I transcription • gene expression Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	284119	19285
Ensembl	ENSG00000177469	ENSMUSG00000004044
UniProt	Q6NZI2	O54724
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_012232	NM_008986
RefSeq (protein)	NP_036364	NP_033012
Location (UCSC)	Chr 17: 42.4 – 42.42 Mb	Chr 11: 100.96 – 100.97 Mb
PubMed search

Polymerase I and transcript release factor, also known as PTRF, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the PTRF gene.^[1]

Function

Termination of RNA polymerase I catalyzed transcription is a 2-step process that involves pausing of transcription elongation and release of both the pre-ribosomal RNA and Pol I from the DNA template. The pausing is mediated by TTF1 and PTRF.^[2][3]

PTRF is a soluble protein containing putative leucine zipper, nuclear localization signal, and PEST domains.^[4]

Interactions

PTRF has been shown to interact with ZNF148.^[5]

References

1. "Entrez Gene: PTRF polymerase I and transcript release factor".
2. Mason SW, Sander EE, Grummt I (January 1997). "Identification of a transcript release activity acting on ternary transcription complexes containing murine RNA polymerase I". The EMBO Journal 16 (1): 163–72. doi:10.1093/emboj/16.1.163. PMC 1169623. PMID 9009277.
3. Jansa P, Mason SW, Hoffmann-Rohrer U, Grummt I (May 1998). "Cloning and functional characterization of PTRF, a novel protein which induces dissociation of paused ternary transcription complexes". The EMBO Journal 17 (10): 2855–64. doi:10.1093/emboj/17.10.2855. PMC 1170626. PMID 9582279.
4. Aboulaich N, Vainonen JP, Strålfors P, Vener AV (October 2004). "Vectorial proteomics reveal targeting, phosphorylation and specific fragmentation of polymerase I and transcript release factor (PTRF) at the surface of caveolae in human adipocytes". The Biochemical Journal 383 (Pt 2): 237–48. doi:10.1042/BJ20040647. PMC 1134064. PMID 15242332.
5. Hasegawa, T; Takeuchi A; Miyaishi O; Xiao H; Mao J; Isobe K (April 2000). "PTRF (polymerase I and transcript-release factor) is tissue-specific and interacts with the BFCOL1 (binding factor of a type-I collagen promoter) zinc-finger transcription factor which binds to the two mouse type-I collagen gene promoters". Biochem. J. (ENGLAND). 347 Pt 1 (Pt 1): 55–9. doi:10.1042/0264-6021:3470055. ISSN 0264-6021. PMC 1220930. PMID 10727401.

Further reading

• Jansa P, Mason SW, Hoffmann-Rohrer U, Grummt I (1998). "Cloning and functional characterization of PTRF, a novel protein which induces dissociation of paused ternary transcription complexes". EMBO J. 17 (10): 2855–64. doi:10.1093/emboj/17.10.2855. PMC 1170626. PMID 9582279.
• Hasegawa T, Takeuchi A, Miyaishi O, et al. (2000). "PTRF (polymerase I and transcript-release factor) is tissue-specific and interacts with the BFCOL1 (binding factor of a type-I collagen promoter) zinc-finger transcription factor which binds to the two mouse type-I collagen gene promoters". Biochem. J. 347 Pt 1 (Pt 1): 55–9. doi:10.1042/0264-6021:3470055. PMC 1220930. PMID 10727401.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
• Aboulaich N, Vainonen JP, Strålfors P, Vener AV (2005). "Vectorial proteomics reveal targeting, phosphorylation and specific fragmentation of polymerase I and transcript release factor (PTRF) at the surface of caveolae in human adipocytes". Biochem. J. 383 (Pt 2): 237–48. doi:10.1042/BJ20040647. PMC 1134064. PMID 15242332.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Rush J, Moritz A, Lee KA, et al. (2005). "Immunoaffinity profiling of tyrosine phosphorylation in cancer cells". Nat. Biotechnol. 23 (1): 94–101. doi:10.1038/nbt1046. PMID 15592455.
• Zhang Y, Wolf-Yadlin A, Ross PL, et al. (2005). "Time-resolved mass spectrometry of tyrosine phosphorylation sites in the epidermal growth factor receptor signaling network reveals dynamic modules". Mol. Cell Proteomics 4 (9): 1240–50. doi:10.1074/mcp.M500089-MCP200. PMID 15951569.
• Aboulaich N, Ortegren U, Vener AV, Strålfors P (2006). "Association and insulin regulated translocation of hormone-sensitive lipase with PTRF". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 350 (3): 657–61. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.09.094. PMID 17026959.
• Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, et al. (2006). "Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks". Cell 127 (3): 635–48. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026. PMID 17081983.