Paleolibertarianism

Paleolibertarianism is a variety of libertarianism developed by anarcho-capitalist theorists Murray Rothbard and Llewellyn Rockwell that combines conservative social philosophy and cultural values with a radical libertarian opposition to government intervention.[1] Originating in the United States, it has since spread to Europe and has experienced a revival particularly from the second decade of the 21st century.

Tenets

According to Lew Rockwell and Karen De Coster, the paleolibertarian movement hearkens back to such thinkers as "Ludwig von Mises, Albert Jay Nock, Garet Garrett, and the entire interwar Old Right that opposed the New Deal and favored the Old Republic" [2] and distinguished themselves from "neolibertarians" and from "Beltway Libertarianism, Left-Libertarianism, and Lifestyle Libertarianism." According to Rockwell, paleolibertarianism "made its peace with religion as the bedrock of liberty, property, and the natural order."

Paleolibertarianism developed in opposition to the social progressivism of mainstream libertarianism. In his essay "The Case for Paleo-Libertarianism", Rockwell charged mainstream libertarians with "hatred of western culture". He argued that "pornographic photography, 'free'-thinking, chaotic painting, atonal music, deconstructionist literature, Bauhaus architecture, and modernist films have nothing in common with the libertarian political agenda - no matter how much individual libertarians may revel in them." Of paleolibertarians, he wrote "we obey, and we ought to obey, traditions of manners and taste." After explaining why cultural conservatives could make a better argument for liberty to the middle classes, Rockwell predicted "in the new movement, libertarians who personify the present corruption will sink to their natural level, as will the Libertarian Party, which has been their diabolic pulpit.[3]

Early history

In the essay "Right-Wing Populism: A Strategy for the Paleo Movement", Rothbard reflected on the ability of paleolibertarians to engage in an "outreach to rednecks" founded on social conservatism and radical libertarianism. He cited former Ku Klux Klan Grand Wizard David Duke and former U.S. Senator Joseph McCarthy as models for the new movement.[4]

In the 1990s, a "paleoconservative-paleolibertarian alliance was forged", centred on the John Randolph Club founded by Traditionalist Catholic Thomas Fleming.[5] Lew Rockwell and Murray Rothbard supported paleoconservative Republican candidate Pat Buchanan in the 1992 U.S. presidential election, and described Buchanan as the political leader of the "paleo" movement.[6] In 1992, Murray Rothbard declared that "with Pat Buchanan as our leader, we shall break the clock of social democracy."[7]

Three years later, he said Buchanan developed too much faith in economic planning and centralized state power, which eventually led paleolibertarians to withdraw their support for Buchanan.[8] In addition to Buchanan's "economic nationalism", Paul Gottfried later complained of a lack of funding, infighting, media hostility or blackout, and vilification as "racists" and "anti-Semites." [9]

Rothbard died in 1995, while in 2007 Rockwell stated he no longer considered himself a "paleolibertarian" and was "happy with the term libertarian."[10]

Controversy

Some critics have accused paleolibertarianism of racism. Political scientist and lesbian feminist activist Jean Hardisty describes paleolibertarianism as entailing "explicit racism, anti-Semitism, and sexism".[11] She notes Murray Rothbard's praise of The Bell Curve, a controversial work which presents the intelligence of black people as statistically inferior to other races, and the Rothbard-Rockwell Report's publishing of an article, written by Sam Francis, which asserted that "of the two major races in the United States today, only one possesses the capacity to create and sustain" suitable levels of civilization.

During Ron Paul's run for the U.S. Presidency in 2008, paleolibertarianism was identified by several sources as the ideological influence behind the racist sentiments and language expressed in the Ron Paul newsletters circa 1989–94. The libertarian publication Reason asserted that "a half-dozen longtime libertarian activists—including some still close to Paul" had identified Lew Rockwell as the "chief ghostwriter" of the newsletters. Rockwell denied it.[12]

Revival

Though paleolibertarianism seemed discredited for a time, especially following Rockwell's disowning of the term, it has continued to exist. This has been accompanied by a surge in interest in paleolibertarianism in Europe as part of a broader fragmentation of mainstream political movements.

United States

Despite John Derbyshire's argument that Hans-Hermann Hoppe was 'The Last Paleolibertarian', it is debatable that paleolibertarianism disappeared from America entirely, with Karen De Coster [13] and Justin Raimondo both continuing to use the term to describe themselves both during and after Ron Paul's presidential campaigns.[14]

Ilana Mercer has been described by philosophy professor Jack Kerwick as “unquestionably the most visible, the most widely read,” paleolibertarian writer. According to Kerwick, “No paleolibertarian… has nearly as much exposure when it comes to scholarly and popular audiences alike as does Mercer.” [15] Mercer’s weekly column in WorldNetDaily, called ‘Return to Reason’ and described as “paleo-libertarian,” has been going since 1999.

In a move similar to his and Rothbard's support for Pat Buchanan, Lew Rockwell has been sympathetic to Donald Trump's presidential campaign of 2016, along with Justin Raimondo, particularly for his stance on Mexican immigration.[16] However, Raimondo does not support Trump, stating, with regards to foreign policy, "He simply can’t be trusted."[17]

Jeff Deist, Ludwig von Mises Institute President, said of the Alt-right that he found their writings "interesting...and somewhat refreshing." [18]

Controversial political and cultural blog, The Right Stuff also exhibits features of paleolibertarianism.[19] One post has criticised the mainstream right in the following terms, "While they lost or ignore topics like race, nativism and the culture war, they have an obsession with neoliberal economics and neocon geopolitics."[20] They have also been largely supportive of Rockwell, yet have criticised his "move away from inflammatory newsletters."[21]

Canada

Controversial blogger and podcaster Stefan Molyneux circa 2014 started to become more culturally conservative than he had hitherto been. He has released podcasts on Western culture,[22] immigration,[23] and scientific racism.[24] He, like Rockwell, has supported Donald Trump for the presidency of the United States.[25]

Property and Freedom Society member, Christian Robitaille, has argued for an alliance of libertarians and traditionalists in Quebec.[26]

United Kingdom

Since late 2013, High Tory organisation the Traditional Britain Group has been influenced by paleolibertarian ideas. In March 2014, it hosted a seminar including a track led by Dr Andrew Linley, 'Politics: destroyer of natural order.'[27] The Vice President of the Traditional Britain Group, Professor John Kersey, describes himself as a 'radical traditionalist and paleolibertarian.'[28] In October 2014, former UKIP MEP Godfrey Bloom gave a speech to the annual conference of Traditional Britain entitled "Why Traditionalism and Libertarianism are Not Incompatible".[29]

The Director of the Libertarian Alliance, Sean Gabb, is a good friend of paleolibertarian Hans-Hermann Hoppe, attending his Property and Freedom Society conferences every year in Bodrum. Gabb is a conservative in some respects and a critic of mass-immigration.[30] As such, Gabb has addressed Traditional Britain Group conferences.[31] The Youth Director of the Libertarian Alliance, Keir Martland, has written favourably about the prospects for a new "paleo-alliance", arguing that "a conservative society cannot exist under an oppressive state just as much as a libertarian society cannot exist in a cultural and moral vacuum."[32]

Poland

In Poland, a strong influence of paleolibertarianism can be traced in the controversial political party, represented in the European Parliament, KORWiN, led by Janusz Korwin-Mikke.[33] Like the similarly controversial libertarian former UKIP MEP Godfrey Bloom, Korwin-Mikke has quoted Rothbard and has voiced libertarian Hoppean concerns about mass-migration into Europe.[34]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Llewellyn H. Rockwell, Jr. "The Case for Paleo-libertarianism" in Liberty, January 1990, 34-38.
  2. ↑ "Paleolibertarianism" LewRockwell.Com
  3. ↑ Rockwell, Lew. "The Case for Paleo-libertarianism". Liberty (libertarian magazine) (January 1990): 34-38.
  4. ↑ Sanchez, Julian; Weigel, David. "Who Wrote Ron Paul's Newsletters?". Reason Foundation. Rothbard pointed to David Duke and Joseph McCarthy as models for an "Outreach to the Rednecks," which would fashion a broad libertarian/paleoconservative coalition by targeting the disaffected working and middle classes
  5. ↑ Martland, Keir (2016). Liberty from a Beginner:Selected Essays (Second ed.). p. 62. ISBN 9781326524715.
  6. ↑ Gottfried, Paul (1993). The Conservative Movement. Twayne Publishers. pp. 146. ISBN 0-8057-9723-8. OCLC 16804886.
  7. ↑ Lee Edwards, The Conservative Revolution: The Movement That Remade America, Simon and Schuster, 1999, p. 329.
  8. ↑ Lew Rockwell, "What I Learned From Paleoism", at LewRockwell.com, May 2, 2002.
  9. ↑ Martland, Keir (2016). Liberty from a Beginner:Selected Essays (Second ed.). p. 64. ISBN 9781326524715.
  10. ↑ "Do You Consider Yourself a Libertarian?", Kenny Johnsson interviews Lew Rockwell for The Liberal Post, as posted on LewRockwell.Com, May 25, 2007.
  11. ↑ Hardisty, Jean (1999). Mobilizing Resentment, Conservative Resurgence from the John Birch Society to the Promise Keepers. Boston, MA: Beacon Press. pp. 165–167. Author holds a Ph.D. in Political Science from Northwestern University.
  12. ↑ Reason: Matt Welch, "Old News"? "Rehashed for Over a Decade"?, January 11, 2008 and Sanchez, Julian and Weigel, David, Who Wrote Ron Paul's Newsletters?, January 16, 2008.
  13. ↑ "About" Karen De Coster
  14. ↑ "Ron Paul and the Prospects of Paleo-Libertarianism" Justin Raimondo
  15. ↑ Kerwick, Jack. "Missing “Right-Wing Critics of American Conservatism”". Beliefnet. Retrieved 28 April 2016.
  16. ↑ "The Trump Phenomenon" The Tom Woods Show
  17. ↑ Raimondo, Justin. "Donald Trump: The Good, the Bad, the Ugly". Anti-War.Com. Retrieved 12 March 2016.
  18. ↑ "Alt-Right vs. Socialist Left" Mises Institute
  19. ↑ "About Us". The Right Stuff.biz. Retrieved 19 February 2016.
  20. ↑ "Why the Weak Right is Wrong". The Right Stuff.biz. Retrieved 19 February 2016.
  21. ↑ "Après Paul, Le Déluge". The Right Stuff.biz. Retrieved 19 February 2016.
  22. ↑ "The Impending Collapse of Western Civilisation" Stefan Molyneux
  23. ↑ "The Truth About Immigration" Stefan Molyneux
  24. ↑ "IQ and Immigration" Stefan Molyneux
  25. ↑ "The Untruth About Donald Trump" Stefan Molyneux
  26. ↑ Robitaille, Christian. "Pourquoi libertariens et traditionalistes sont des alliés naturels". Contrepoints. Retrieved 8 March 2016.
  27. ↑ Linley, Andrew (March 2014). "Politics: Destroyer of Natural Order". Traditional Britain Group. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
  28. ↑ Kersey, John (October 2013). "Preserving the substance of a nation". Traditional Britain Group. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
  29. ↑ Bloom, Godfrey. "Why Traditionalism and Libertarianism are not incompatible". Traditional Britain. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
  30. ↑ Gabb, Sean (12 August 2015). "Must Libertarians Believe in Open Borders?". Libertarian Alliance. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
  31. ↑ Gabb, Sean (2012). "In Defence of English Civilisation". Traditional Britain Group. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
  32. ↑ Martland, Keir (January 26, 2014). "Paleoism and the Traditional Britain Group". The Libertarian Enterprise. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
  33. ↑ Jankowski, Jakub. "The Most Dangerous Man in Europe". The Libertarian Alliance. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
  34. ↑ Korwin-Mikke, Janusz. "Janusz Korwin-Mikke on immigrants in European Parliament 16.09.2015 (English subtitles)". YouTube. Retrieved 27 January 2016.

External links

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