Pénjamo

Pénjamo, Guanajuato

Jardín principal "Ana María Gallaga", Pénjamo, Guanajuato
Nickname(s): Cuna de la independencia
Coordinates: 20°25′52″N 101°43′20″W / 20.43111°N 101.72222°W / 20.43111; -101.72222Coordinates: 20°25′52″N 101°43′20″W / 20.43111°N 101.72222°W / 20.43111; -101.72222
Country Mexico
Federal entity Guanajuato
Founded 12 November 1542
Government
  Mayor Jacobo Manriquez Romero (PRI)
Elevation 1,770 m (5,807 ft)
Population (2000)
  Total 40,076
Time zone Central Standard Time (UTC-6)
  Summer (DST) Central Daylight Time (UTC-5)
Website www.penjamo.gob.mx

Penjamo (Purépecha: Penlamu or Penxamo 'place of ahuehuetes or sabinos'; Cradle of Hidalgo), is the seat of Pénjamo municipality, one of 46 municipalities of Guanajuato, Mexico. It is one of the cities with major commercial movement of the State, and is considered to be the major City of the Southwest of the entity and the city number 17 in population statewide. Great part of the city is located to skirts of Penjamo's Mountains. The city forms a part of the Route 2010, which includes important scenes of the national independence and Mexican revolution.

It is located to the southwest of the condition, and account with a total of 164,261.27 hectares of surface that correspond to 5.20% of the state total. It borders on the municipalities of Abasolo, Cuerámaro, Manuel Doblado de Guanajuato, besides the States of Jalisco and Michoacán. According to the Census of the year 2000 his total population promotes 144,426 inhabitants in total in the municipality, in spite of this in the last census realized in the year 2010, where the total population of the City promotes nearby the 41,000, of which the majority devotes itself to the services, trade, in measure to the industry and to the tourist services. The motto of the city is a " M. Hidalgo Cradle ", because in the year of 1753 born in the Hacienda of Corralejo near to the city the Father of the Mexican Mother land, Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla.

Likewise it was approved by the Congress of Union of the United Mexican States, Penjamo's Metropolitan Zone Penjamo - La Piedad which there is placed in the conditions Mexican's states of Guanajuato and Michoacan. The zone a population registers, according to the count 2005 of the INEGI [1] of 229,289 inhabitants. The Urban Delegation Santa Ana Pacueco, belonging to Penjamo's City, is joined to La Piedad, Michoacan and only they are divided by the river Lerma though they are joined by 7 bridges (Hatches, Big River, Quota, Michoacán, Guanajuato, Cabadas and Them Dwell). For which both cities share needs and common problems, and they search of is Metropolitan Zone.

Historical prominent figures

Location

Penjamo's city, municipal head-board, is located to the 101° 42 ' 22 " of length to the west of the Meridian of Greenwich and to the 20° 25 ' 44 " north latitude, his height on the level of the sea is 1,700 meters approximately and in some places like Penjamo's Saw it reaches 2400 meters on the level of the sea.

It comes near to the city for the federal road 90, which he communicates to Irapuato's city with the city of Guadalajara, in the condition of Straw hat. It is located to approximately 40 minutes of Irapuato's city.

A great part of the city, one agrees on the skirts of Penjamo's Mountains, other one divides between that the zone is center, one finds in a zone wave, whereas other one departs from the city one agrees in hills and few part in flat zone, for what some Penjamo's streets are very high whereas very linear others.

History

The territory that nowadays occupies the City and Penjamo Municipality took was first settled by the Guachichil and Purépechas. The most representative sample of these cultures is Plazuelas's Archaeological Zone, nowadays the most important of the archaeological zones of the condition.

The city and the municipality were founded on November 12, 1542 by the name of Penxamo's San Francisco (in tarasco the name was Penlamu " place of sabinos or ahuehuetes ") by virtue of the bond sent by the Spanish king Carlos V, in which she was authorized the captain Diego Tomás de Jesuchihua to realize.

On May 8, 1753, one gives the birth of the Father of the Mother land, Miguel Hidalgo in the ex—hacienda of Corralejo belonging to Penjamo's jurisdiction. Today the ex-estate is known as Corralejo Hidalgo.

The city was ecenario of the war of inpedencia of mexcico, so much for the Spanish Francisco Javier Mina shot in Penjamo's Saw in this municipality and Albino García who in August, 1811 freed a new combat against the realists in Penjamo, against a division ordered by Pedro Moreno, and formed by San Luis' dragoons of the Peace and the lancers' body. In this combat they attacked Penjamo's city it to plunder and to intimidate Jose Maria of the Trinidad Hidaldo y Costilla, brother of the priest Michael Hidalgo, subdelegate of the viceregal government (1759) this personage studied Medicine, without finishing the career but he was recovering. He administered the Estate when his father died and was recovering the Headquarters of Weapon in Penjamo, to the service of the viceregal government and in opposition to the Insurgents.

In the year of 1815 the population is inflamed, remaining completely destroyed. The works of rebuilding begin for the year of 1830. On May 22, 1857, the population acquires the title of villa, and is raised to the category of city in the year of 1906 by decree of the governor Licenciado Joaquín Obregón Gonzalez. Nowadays the city counts with near 40,000 inhabitants.

The most relevant fact that guards the history of this city is Miguel Hidalgo's birth, is the Father of the Mexican Mother land, in the year of 1753 in Corralejo's Estate. The territory penjamense, it was ecenario for Francisco Xavier Mina's battles, during the war of independence. And this insurgent was shot in Penjamo's Saw, in the zone of the Fort of the Remedies.

Curious information: During the second world war, in the space in which Mexico enters combat, the lights of the city were going out to avoid bombardments to the same one.

City seal

The seal of the city features an Ahuehuete tree, underneath which there is written the year of the city's foundation, 1542. Beneath that is a drawing of the Cerro Grande (the Grand Hill), with a blue sky and a gilded, five-pointed star, underneath the year that Miguel Hidalgo was born, 1753. On top the shield is written 'Cradle of Hidalgo, San Francisco de Penxamo,' and around the shield is the Latin motto, Nobilis, Fidilis, Fortis, (noble, faithful, strong.)

Change

The municipal, state and federal governments realize the importance of tourism to the city; the historical center of the city has been recreated, promoting the archaeological zone, whilst shops and commercial buildings have improved and urbanized several zones of the city. This way so also, it has been a question of improving the urban aspect, and of the ecological zones. It has been achieved to do to Corralejo's ex-estate a tourist point for thousands of travelers who want to know the Nobleman's cradle, or simply people who wants to prove his tequilas of international height. If even it is absent much for doing the city has given a great favorable change. The infrastructure of the city in road links has improved notably with the urbanization of avenues, street and boulevards. The current head office of buses gives a better sight to the city and a better appearance to the inhabitants and visitors who manage in the system of foreign trucks. In educational matter the city relies on 2 public universities, that they are the UNIDEG (Interactive University and distantly of Guanajuato Plantel's State Penjamo) and the UPG or UPP (Guanajuato's Technical University campus Penjamo, Penjamo's Technical University), this one finalizes considered the maximum university of the city, and one of the recognized mas of the region. As well as also diverse schools of average top education and bivalent baccalaureates since they are the CECyTEG and CONALEP, nurseries that in case of them the second school possesses the ISO validation, and in the first case the nursery CECyTEG he is considered to be one of the best of the federal entity. Guanajuato's University, it has presence in the city, so it counts with preparatory official or School of Average Top Level (ENMS) belonging to the maximum university of the condition, in the above mentioned facilities the careers are given in common trunk of several careers of engineering of the above mentioned University. In health the citizenship has access to one of the best hospitals of the region, on having counted the city with the Regional Hospital of the Southwest, like that also as clinic of the ISSSTE, clinic of the IMSS, and a Community Hospital, more a great range of particular high-level Hospitals inside the city. This one in process the creation of a Heliport, and a module of command of Public Security for the region Southwest. In public and commercial spaces the city possesses a range of zones of scattering between squares, gardens, parks or sports units distributed in the city, and in creation more. This way also as an impulse to the trade with the attraction of shops of self-service and stores of clothes and footwear of national prestige of great size in the city, giving this way one more attraction for the visitors of the city and his inhabitants. Nowadays the city relies on two TV Channel, one of own transmission of the city that it transmits 24 hours, and the second one that per beginning transmits only for scanty hours. The city shapes the Metropolitan Zone Penjamo - La Piedad, which will attract multimillionaire investments to the zone, and that it includes more of 229mil inhabitants.

Tourist attractions

External links

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Pénjamo.
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