Pentland Hills
The Pentland Hills are a range of hills to the south-west of Edinburgh, Scotland. The range is around 20 miles (32 km) in length, and runs south west from Edinburgh towards Biggar and the upper Clydesdale.
Some of the peaks include:
- Scald Law (579 m) (1,900 ft)
- Carnethy Hill (573 m) (1,880 ft)
- East Cairn Hill (567 m) (1,860 ft)
- West Cairn Hill (562 m) (1,844 ft)
- West Kip (551 m) (1,808 ft)
- Byrehope Mount (536 m) (1,759 ft)
- East Kip (534 m) (1,752 ft)
- Allermuir Hill (493 m) (1,617 ft)
- Castlelaw Hill (488 m) (1,601 ft)
The hills span a number of council regions: from the City of Edinburgh and Midlothian in the north, south-west through West Lothian to the Scottish Borders and South Lanarkshire.
Usage
The Pentland Hills Regional Park was designated in 1986.[1] It covers an area of 90 km² (35 sq mi) at the northern end of the hills. The park, together with the rest of the hills, are used for a variety of recreational activities including hillwalking, mountain biking, horse riding, golf and skiing at the artificial ski slope at the Midlothian Snowsports Centre.
Today most of the land is upland pasture, along with a few forestry plantations. The Ministry of Defence have a rifle range at Castlelaw. Much of Edinburgh's water supply is from reservoirs in the hills, including Threipmuir, Harlaw, Clubbiedean, Torduff, Glencorse and Loganlea. A number of rivers rise in the hills, including the Water of Leith and the North Esk.
In the southern part of the hills is Little Sparta, the garden of the late artist and poet Ian Hamilton Finlay.
Settlements in or near the Pentlands include:
- Edinburgh suburbs - Balerno (with Malleny Mills), Juniper Green, Colinton, Currie, Oxgangs, Fairmilehead, Swanston
- Midlothian - Glencorse, Hillend, Nine Mile Burn, Penicuik, Silverburn,
- West Lothian - Kirknewton, Livingston is also near.
- Scottish Borders (traditional Peebleshire) - Carlops, West Linton
- South Lanarkshire - Biggar, Auchengray, Carnwath, Dolphinton, Dunsyre, Garvald, Tarbrax
History
There is ample evidence of prehistoric settlement in the area, e.g. the hillfort and souterrain at Castle Law,[2] and another at Caerketton. The hills were most likely settled, farmed and defended in the pre-Roman and Roman era by the local Celtic people known to the Romans as the Votadini.[3]
About 20 m (66 ft) into Glencorse Reservoir lie the submerged ruins of the chapel of St Katherine's in the Hope. The founding of the chapel is connected with the story of a mediaeval royal deer hunt. According to the story, King Robert the Bruce staked the Pentland Estate against the life of Sir William St Clair, with the outcome of the hunt of a white deer by the knight and his two hounds, 'Help' and 'Hold', being the deciding factor. The dogs managed to bring down the deer, and in gratitude, and to mark the spot, Sir William had a chapel built in the glen.
The hills were the scene of an incident in 1666 following the Restoration of King Charles II when an outbreak of armed rebellion amongst Covenanters led to a small force of badly armed conventiclers being defeated at the battle of Rullion Green, after which the whole tragic episode was (incorrectly) named the Pentland Rising. The incident is commemorated by the "Covenanter's Grave", a cairn after which one of the drove roads across the hills is known (OS Grid reference NT078521).
See also
- List of places in the Scottish Borders
- List of places in South Lanarkshire
- List of places in Edinburgh
- List of places in Midlothian
- List of places in West Lothian
References
- ↑ Falconer, Susan (2007). The Pentland Hills: A Walker's Guide. Cicerone Press. p. 9. ISBN 978 1 85284 494 3.
- ↑ "Site Record for Castle Law, Glencorse CastlelawDetails Details". Canmore.rcahms.gov.uk. Retrieved 2014-03-16.
- ↑ "An Introduction - Pentland Hills Regional Park". The Pentland Hills. 2010-11-15. Retrieved 2014-03-16.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pentland Hills. |
- Pentland Hills Regional Park
- Midlothian Council, Pentland Hills walks
- Friends of the Pentlands
- Pentland Hills Webcam
Coordinates: 55°46′N 3°25′W / 55.767°N 3.417°W