Perfluoromethyldecalin
| Names | |
|---|---|
| Other names
Flutec PP9 | |
| Identifiers | |
| 306-92-3 | |
| ChemSpider | 17340230  |
| EC Number | 206-191-9 |
| PubChem | 39977 |
| |
| Properties | |
| C11F20 | |
| Molar mass | 512.09 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | Clear, colorless liquid |
| Density | 1.972 g/mL |
| Melting point | −70 °C (−94 °F; 203 K) |
| Boiling point | 160 °C (320 °F; 433 K) |
| 10 ppm | |
| Hazards | |
| Main hazards | None |
| Flash point | None |
| None | |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Perfluoromethyldecalin is a fluorocarbon liquid—a perfluorinated derivative of the hydrocarbon methyldecalin. It is chemically and biologically inert. It is mainly of interest as a blood substitute, exploiting the high solubility of air in this solvent.[1]
Structural Isomers
Most commercially available perfluoromethyldecalin consists of both perfluoro-1-methyldecalin and perfluoro-2-methyldecalin. Each structural isomer has its own CAS registry number (RN). The mixture also has a unique RN.
| Name | Perfluoro-1-methyldecalin | Perfluoro-2-methyldecalin |
|---|---|---|
| CAS registry number | 306-92-3 | 306-95-6 |
| IUPAC Name | 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4a,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8a-heptadecafluorodecahydro-8-(trifluoromethyl)naphthalene | 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4a,5,5,6,6,7,8,8,8a-heptadecafluorodecahydro-7-(trifluoromethyl)naphthalene |
| Structure |  |
 |
| SMILES | FC(F)(F)C1(F)C(F)(F)C2(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C2(F)C(F)(F)C1(F)F | FC(F)(F)C1(F)C(F)(F)C2(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C2(F)C(F)(F)C1(F)F |
The two isomers are chemicals and physically very similar.
Manufacture
Perfluoromethyldecalin can be manufactured by the Fowler process, which involves moderating the action of elemental fluorine with cobalt fluoride in the gas phase from methylnaphthalene. Methylnaphthalene is preferred as the starting material vs methyldecalin as is consumes less fluorine.[2] Rearrangement during the fluorination process leads to a mixture of isomers, whichever methylnaphthalene isomer is used.
Properties
Perfluoromethyldecalin is chemically inert and thermally stable (to over 400 °C). It is non-toxic,[3] so much so that it has been widely evaluated as a blood substitute.
It is a colorless liquid, with a relatively high density, low viscosity, and low surface tension that evaporates rapidly for a compounds with its high molecular weight. It is a relatively good solvent for gases, but a poor solvent for solids and liquids.[4]
In common with other cyclic perfluorocarbons, perfluorodecalin can be detected at extremely low concentrations, making it ideal as a tracer.[5] Its higher boiling makes it suitable for use in water flow.[6]
Applications
- Blood substitute
- Heat transfer agent
- Dielectric fluid
- Perfluorocarbon tracer
References
- ↑ Siegemund, G.; Schwertfeger, W.; Feiring, A.; Smart, B.; Behr, F.; Vogel, H.; McKusick, B. (2005), "Fluorine Compounds, Organic", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, doi:10.1002/14356007.a11_349
- ↑ Sandford G (2003). "Perfluoroalkanes". Tetrahedron 59: 437–454. doi:10.1016/s0040-4020(02)01568-5.
- ↑ "FLUTEC PP9". F2 Chemicals.
- ↑ "Solubility in Liquids" (PDF). F2 Chemicals.
- ↑ Begley P1, Foulger B, Simmonds P. (1988). "Femtogram detection of perfluorocarbon tracers using capillary gas chromatography-electron-capture negative ion chemical ionisation mass spectrometry.". J Chromatogr. 445 (1): 119–128. doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(01)84513-1.
- ↑ Fogelqvist E, Krysell M, Öhman P (1989). "Evaluation of perfluoromethyldecalin as a deliberate tracer for the study of water mixing processes". Marine Chemistry 26: 339–349. doi:10.1016/0304-4203(89)90039-x.