Tres Marias island mouse

Tres Marias island mouse
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Rodentia
Family: Cricetidae
Genus: Peromyscus
Species group: P. boylii
Species: P. madrensis
Binomial name
Peromyscus madrensis
Merriam, 1898

The Tres Marias island mouse (Peromyscus madrensis) is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.[2] It is found only on the Islas Marías off the west coast of Mexico (part of the state of Nayarit). When last assessed, it was common on María Cleofás Island, but rare or absent on the other, more disturbed, islands.[1]

Description

The Tres Marias island mouse is the size of a small rat, with a head and body measuring 21 to 25 centimetres (8.3 to 9.8 in), and a tail 10 to 13 centimetres (3.9 to 5.1 in) in length. They have pale tan fur, with white underparts, lips, and feet. There is a faint stripe of darker fur towards the rear of the animal's back, and there are dark spots on the ankles. The tail has relatively little hair, and is noticeably darker on the upper surface. Females have six teats.[3] Compared with other closely related species, it is larger, with a longer tail, smaller ears, and a smaller penis.[4]

Biology

Although found on all habitats on the islands, the Tres Marias island mouse is most common in undisturbed tropical deciduous forest, especially on the interior highlands.[4] It lives in sheltered locations, such as under logs or rocks.[5] Widespread on the islands when they were first described in 1898,[3] a survey in 1991 showed a significantly reduced range for the mice, apparently due to the introduction of non-native species, such as black rats, deer, and goats.[5]

The species is closely related to the Nayarit mouse, which inhabits the nearby mainland, with the two species diverging during the Pleistocene. It is unclear whether the mice first arrived on the islands by rafting from the mainland, or whether the islands were once connected to the mainland.[3]

References

  1. 1 2 Álvarez-Castañeda, S.T., Castro-Arellano, I., Lacher, T. & Vázquez, E. (2008). "Peromyscus madrensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.4. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 5 March 2011.
  2. Musser, G.G.; Carleton, M.D. (2005). "Superfamily Muroidea". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 1071. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
  3. 1 2 3 Álvarez-Castañeda, S.T. & Méndez, L. (2005). "Peromyscus madrensis". Mammalian Species: Number 774: pp. 1–3. doi:10.1644/1545-1410(2005)774[0001:PM]2.0.CO;2.
  4. 1 2 Carleton, M.D.; et al. (1982). "Distribution and systematics of Peromyscus (Mammalia: Rodentia) of Nayarit, Mexico". Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 352: 1–46. doi:10.5479/si.00810282.352.
  5. 1 2 Wilson, D.E. (1991). "Mammals of the Tres Marias Islands". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 206: 214–250.
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