Phytoene desaturase (3,4-didehydrolycopene-forming)

Phytoene desaturase (3,4-didehydrolycopene-forming) (EC 1.3.99.30, 5-step phytoene desaturase, five-step phytoene desaturase, phytoene desaturase (ambiguous), Al-1) is an enzyme with systematic name 15-cis-phytoene:acceptor oxidoreductase (3,4-didehydrolycopene-forming).^[1]^[2] This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

15-cis-phytoene + 5 acceptor

\rightleftharpoons

all-trans-3,4-didehydrolycopene + 5 reduced acceptor (overall reaction)

(1a) 15-cis-phytoene + acceptor

\rightleftharpoons

all-trans-phytofluene + reduced acceptor

(1b) all-trans-phytofluene + acceptor

\rightleftharpoons

all-trans-zeta-carotene + reduced acceptor

(1c) all-trans-zeta-carotene + acceptor

\rightleftharpoons

all-trans-neurosporene + reduced acceptor

(1d) all-trans-neurosporene + acceptor

\rightleftharpoons

all-trans-lycopene + reduced acceptor

(1e) all-trans-lycopene + acceptor

\rightleftharpoons

all-trans-3,4-didehydrolycopene + reduced acceptor

This enzyme is involved in carotenoid biosynthesis.

References

↑ Hausmann, A. and Sandmann, G. (2000). "A single five-step desaturase is involved in the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway to β-carotene and torulene in Neurospora crassa". Fungal Genet. Biol. 30 (2): 147–153. doi:10.1006/fgbi.2000.1212. PMID 11017770.
↑ Estrada, A.F., Maier, D., Scherzinger, D., Avalos, J. and Al-Babili, S. (2008). "Novel apocarotenoid intermediates in Neurospora crassa mutants imply a new biosynthetic reaction sequence leading to neurosporaxanthin formation". Fungal Genet. Biol. 45: 1497–1505. doi:10.1016/j.fgb.2008.09.001. PMID 18812228.

External links

Phytoene desaturase (3,4-didehydrolycopene-forming) at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

Oxidoreductases: CH–CH oxidoreductases (EC 1.3)

1.3.1: NAD/NADP acceptor	Enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase/Enoyl ACP reductase 7-Dehydrocholesterol reductase Biliverdin reductase 2,4 Dienoyl-CoA reductase Dihydroxymethyloxo-tetrahydroquinoline dehydrogenase

1.3.3: Oxygen acceptor	Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase Protoporphyrinogen oxidase Bilirubin oxidase Acyl-CoA oxidase Dihydrouracil oxidase Tetrahydroberberine oxidase Secologanin synthase Tryptophan alpha,beta-oxidase Pyrroloquinoline-quinone synthase L-galactonolactone oxidase

1.3.5: Quinone	Succinate dehydrogenase SDHA SDHB SDHC SDHD

1.3.99: Other acceptors	Fumarate reductase Butyryl-CoA dehydrogenase Acyl CoA dehydrogenase ACADSB ACADS 5α-reductase SRD5A1 SRD5A2 SRD5A3 Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase Isovaleryl coenzyme A dehydrogenase 3-oxo-5beta-steroid 4-dehydrogenase

Enzymes

Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Catalytically perfect enzyme Coenzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis Enzyme kinetics Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics

Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor

Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes

Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases(list) EC2 Transferases(list) EC3 Hydrolases(list) EC4 Lyases(list) EC5 Isomerases(list) EC6 Ligases(list)

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