Sandperch

Sandperches
Speckled sandperch, Parapercis hexophtalma
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Perciformes
Suborder:	Trachinoidei
Family:	Pinguipedidae
Genera
Kochichthys Parapercis Pinguipes Prolatilus Pseudopercis Ryukyupercis Simipercis See text for species.

The sandperches are a family, Pinguipedidae, of fishes in the order Perciformes. Sandperches typically live on sand or rubble substrates in shallow seas. The anterior end of the fish is cylindrical and the posterior end partially flattened. The eyes are on the top of the head and the fish lie on the seabed, propped up by their widely-separated pelvic fins. Several members of the large genus Parapercis, perhaps all, are sequential hermaphrodites, starting their adult lives as females and later becoming males, often with significantly different colourings and markings.^[1]

Species

The 65 species in seven genera are:

• Genus Kochichthys Kamohara, 1961
  • Kochichthys flavofasciata (Kamohara, 1936)
• Genus Parapercis Bleeker, 1863
  • Whitespot sandsmelt, Parapercis alboguttata (Günther, 1872)
  • Barred grubfish, Parapercis allporti (Günther, 1876)
  • Parapercis atlantica (Vaillant, 1887)
  • Parapercis aurantiaca Döderlein, 1884
  • Parapercis australis Randall, 2003
  • Parapercis bicoloripes Prokofiev, 2010^[2]
  • Redbanded weever, P. binivirgata (Waite, 1904)
  • Parapercis biordinis Allen, 1976
  • Parapercis cephalopunctata (Seale, 1901)
  • Latticed sandperch, P. clathrata Ogilby, 1910
  • Parapercis colemani Randall & Francis, 1993
  • Blue cod, P. colias (Forster, 1801)
  • Cylindrical sandperch, P. cylindrica (Bloch, 1792)
  • Parapercis decemfasciata (Franz, 1910)
  • Doublespot grubfish, P. diplospilus Gomon, 1980
  • Parapercis dockinsi McCosker, 1971
  • Parapercis elongata Fourmanoir, 1967
  • Threadfin sandperch, P. filamentosa (Steindachner, 1878)
  • Parapercis flavescens Fourmanoir & Rivaton, 1979
  • Parapercis flavolabiata Johnson, 2006.^[3]
  • Parapercis fuscolineata Fourmanoir, 1985
  • Yellow weaver, P. gilliesii (Hutton, 1879)
  • Wavy grubfish, P. haackei (Steindachner, 1884)
  • Speckled sandperch, P. hexophtalma (Cuvier, 1829)
  • Parapercis kamoharai Schultz, 1966
  • Y-Barred sandperch, P. lata Randall & McCosker, 2002
  • Parapercis lutevittata Liao, Cheng & Shao, 2011^[4]
  • Narrow barred grubfish, P. macrophthalma (Pietschmann, 1911).
  • Harlequin sandperch, P. maculata (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)
  • Parapercis maritzi Anderson, 1992
  • Black dotted sand perch, P. millepunctata (Günther, 1860)
  • Parapercis mimaseana (Kamohara, 1937)
  • Gold-birdled sandsmelt, P. multifasciata Döderlein, 1884
  • Redbarred sandperch, P. multiplicata Randall, 1984
  • Parapercis muronis (Tanaka, 1918)
  • Barred sandperch, P. nebulosa (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825)
  • Parapercis okamurai Kamohara, 1960
  • Parapercis ommatura Jordan & Snyder, 1902
  • Harlequin sandsmelt, P. pulchella (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843)
  • Parapercis punctata (Cuvier, 1829)
  • Spotted sandperch, P. punctulata (Cuvier, 1829)
  • Parapercis quadrispinosus (Weber, 1913)
  • Spotted grubfish, P. ramsayi (Steindachner, 1883)
  • Parapercis randalli Ho & Shao, 2010.^[5]
  • Smallscale grubfish, P. robinsoni Fowler, 1929
  • Parapercis roseoviridis (Gilbert, 1905)
  • Parapercis rufa Randall, 2001
  • Redspotted sandperch, P. schauinslandii (Steindachner, 1900)
  • Grub fish, P. sexfasciata (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843)
  • Parapercis sexlorata Johnson, 2006^[3]
  • Blackflag sandperch, P. signata Randall, 1984
  • Parapercis simulata Schultz, 1968
  • U-mark sandperch, P. snyderi Jordan & Starks, 1905
  • Somali sandperch, P. somaliensis Schultz, 1968
  • White-streaked grubfish, P. stricticeps (De Vis, 1884)
  • Parapercis striolata (Weber, 1913)
  • Reticulated sandperch, P. tetracantha (Lacépède, 1802)
  • Yellowbar sandperch, P. xanthozona (Bleeker, 1849)
• Genus Pinguipes Cuvier in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1829
  • Pinguipes brasilianus Cuvier, 1829
  • Pinguipes chilensis (Norman, 1937).
• Genus Prolatilus Gill, 1865
  • Tilefish, P. jugularis (Valenciennes, 1833).
• Genus Pseudopercis Miranda Ribeiro, 1903
  • Namorado sandperch, P. numida Miranda-Ribeiro, 1903
  • Pseudopercis semifasciata (Cuvier, 1829)
• Genus Ryukyupercis Imamura & Yoshino, 2007.^[6]
  • Rosy grubfish, R. gushikeni (Yoshino, 1975)
• Genus Simipercis Johnson & Randall 2006.
  • Simipercis trispinosa Johnson & Randall 2006^[7]

Timeline

References

• Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2006). "Pinguipedidae" in FishBase. January 2006 version.
• "Pinguipedidae". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 26 March 2006.

1. Randall, John E. (1995). Coastal Fishes of Oman. University of Hawaii Press. p. 304. ISBN 978-0-8248-1808-1.
2. Prokofiev, A. M. (2010). "Two New Species of Fishes from Families Muraenidae (Anguilliformes) and Mugiloididae (Perciformes) from the Waters of Vietnam". Journal of Ichthyology 50 (8): 580–589. doi:10.1134/S0032945210080023.
3. Johnson (2006). "Two new species of Parapercis (Perciformes: Pinguipedidae) from north-eastern Australia, and rediscovery of Parapercis colemani Randall & Francis, 1993" (PDF). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 63 (1): 47–56. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 30, 2007.
4. Liao, Y.-C., Cheng, T.-Y., & Shao, K.-T. (2011). "Parapercis lutevittata, a new cryptic species of Parapercis (Teleostei: Pinguipedidae), from the western Pacific based on morphological evidence and DNA barcoding." Zootaxa 2867: 32-42.
5. Ho; Shao (2010). "Parapercis randalli, a new sandperch (Pisces: Pinguipedidae) from Southern Taiwan" (PDF). Zootaxa 2690: 59–67.
6. Imamura & Yoshino (2007). "Ryukyupercis, a new genus of pinguipedid fish for the species Parapercis gushikeni (Teleostei: Perciformes) based on the phylogenetic relationships of the family". Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. Suppl 14: 94ff.
7. Johnson & Randall (2006). "Simipercis trispinosa, a new genus and species of sandperch (Perciformes:Pinguipedidae) from eastern Australia" (PDF). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 63 (1): 57–64. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 30, 2007.