Quincy, Florida

Quincy, Florida
City

Gadsden County Courthouse
Motto: "...In the heart of Florida's future"[1]

Location in Gadsden County and the state of Florida
Quincy, Florida

Location in the United States

Coordinates: 30°35′N 84°35′W / 30.583°N 84.583°W / 30.583; -84.583Coordinates: 30°35′N 84°35′W / 30.583°N 84.583°W / 30.583; -84.583
Country United States
State Florida
County  Gadsden
Area
 • Total 7.6 sq mi (19.7 km2)
 • Land 7.6 sq mi (19.7 km2)
 • Water 0 sq mi (0 km2)
Elevation 207 ft (63 m)
Population (2000)
 • Total 6,982
 • Density 918.7/sq mi (354.4/km2)
Time zone Eastern (EST) (UTC-5)
 • Summer (DST) EDT (UTC-4)
ZIP codes 32351-32353
Area code(s) 850
FIPS code 12-59325[2]
GNIS feature ID 0289404[3]
Website The City of Quincy Florida Website

Quincy is a city in Gadsden County, Florida, United States. The population was 6,982 at the 2000 census. As of 2004, the population recorded by the U.S. Census Bureau was 6,975.[4] It is the county seat of Gadsden County.[5][6]

Quincy is part of the Tallahassee, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History

Established in 1828, Quincy is the county seat of Gadsden County, and was named for John Quincy Adams.[6] Quincy is located 20 miles (32 km) west of Tallahassee, Fla., via Highway 90 West, Quincy lies in the rolling hills of North Florida. Part of the woodlands run along the banks of the Ochlockonee River, Little River, and the greater Gadsden County, Fla. area borders reaches the shores of Lake Seminole and Lake Talquin State Park. Quincy was once heavily dependent upon agriculture, farming tomatoes, tobacco, mushrooms, soybeans and other crops for its employment base.

Tobacco

In 1828, Governor William P. Duval introduced Cuban tobacco to the territory of Florida. As a result, the culture of shade-grown cigar wrapper tobacco was a dominant factor in the social and economic development of Gadsden County, Florida. Tobacco is a native plant of the western hemisphere. Early European explorers discovered Native Americans growing the plant when they set foot on their soil.

In 1829, John Smith migrated to Gadsden County in covered wagons with his family and four related families. Since there was already a resident named John Smith in the community, he became known as John "Virginia" Smith. John "Virginia" Smith brought Virginia and Cuban tobacco seeds to Quincy,which eventually blended and named the “Florida Wrapper.” Gadsden county became very prosperous, and a few folks still carry the names of their once wealthy relatives.

When Smith ventured southward he brought with him a type of tobacco seed which was used for chewing and pipe smoking. He planted that seed and found that the plants grew vigorously. Because there was no market for tobacco in small quantities, it was twisted together, cured and shared with his friends. He purchased some Cuban tobacco seed and planted them with his Virginia tobacco. Several years passed and the two tobaccos blended.

When the Virginia tobacco was grown in Florida soil, it was much thinner and lighter in color. John began saving the seed from the hybridized stalks. From these seeds, a new plant known as "Florida Wrapper" was developed. So began a tobacco industry at a time when the south was suffering from its low priced cotton.

Gadsden County became very prosperous. Growing tobacco continued to be profitable until the beginning of the Civil War in 1861, even when the European markets were no longer available. Of course, during the War and the Reconstruction Era, very little tobacco was grown except for personal use. Those days were tremendously difficult and recovery was a slow, slow process. The post-war search for a money crop led to the resurgence of the tobacco culture. Through these experiments it was discovered that tobacco which was light in color and silky in texture demanded the highest prices. So, with more experimentation, shading the plants began. At first, wood slats were used, but these proved too heavy. Then they tried slats draped with cheese cloth to keep the plants from the light. Next came ribbed cheese cloth. Ultimately in 1950, the white cheese cloth was replaced with a treated, longer lasting, yellow cloth that provided perfect shade.

Colonel Henry DuVal, president of the Florida Central and Peninsula Railroad, shipped samples of Gadsden County tobacco to New York for leaf dealers and cigar manufacturers to inspect. Soon representatives of several companies came down from New York to purchase land for growing tobacco. There was such an influx of land purchases that a number of packing houses arose. This continued until 1970 when tobacco companies came under fire and demand diminished .The industry waxed and waned, it was prosperous sometimes and disheartening at others. Around 1970, growing tobacco declined substantially in Gadsden. The development of a homogenized cigar wrapper, the ever increasing cost of production, the subsidizing of the tobacco culture in Central America by the U.S. government, and the increasing, negative legal climate against the tobacco industry have added to the demise of Gadsden's future in tobacco. The last crop of shade-grown cigar wrapper tobacco was grown in 1977. Quincy then turned to its other crops, tomato, mushroom and egg farms. This continued until the close of Quincy's mushroom factory and massive layoff of workers at Quincy's tomato farm in 2008. Quincy now turns to its businesses and is attempting to build itself into a business based district. [7]

Resistance to Jim Crow

During segregation Quincy residents responded to unrest by rioting. Some of the local businesses were burned and there were some acts of vandalism. [8] [9]

All American City

In 1996, Quincy was recognized as an All American City. [10]

Essence article

In February, 2003 Essence Magazine incorrectly wrote to its over 3 million users that Quincy was the city with the most AIDS cases in Florida. This caused problems with the citizens and mayor of Quincy. Of the over 14 medical doctors in the small city at the time, only one was interviewed.[11] and of the over 100 community leaders in Quincy, only one was interviewed. The writers of Essence also interviewed people in the back of a liquor store to represent the "citizens" of Quincy. This led to many lawsuits, including one from the owners of the store who stated that they had no idea Essence was doing an interview with their intoxicated patrons. Despite this, the negative stigma over the city still looms today.[12] "Quincy has no more aids cases than typical rural cities in Florida", the mayor, Keith Dowdell, stated and the city with the highest amount of Aids cases in Florida in 2003 was Palm Beach,Florida not Quincy. The article also misrepresented African- American females saying they represented 90% of Aids cases in Quincy. The highest percentage of Aids cases in Quincy at that time was in males[13] No official apology from Essence for the misleading and incorrect information was ever released.

The positive thing about the article was that it shined a light on Hiv/Aids as a major epidemic in Florida and led to many people researching to help those infected. Here are some 2003 facts about people with Aids in Florida in 2003. As of 2013 Miami Dade still ranked #1 in Hiv/Aids cases, not Quincy.

Data of 2004 show that blacks are over-represented among the AIDS cases, accounting for 53% of adult cases, but only 14% of the adult population. A group is disproportionately impacted to the extent that the percentage of cases exceeds the percentage of population.

Source: Bureau of HIV/AIDS Florida Department of Health. Presentation by Spencer Lieb, Senior Epidemiologist.

In 2004, black males were 3.1 times as likely as white males to be reported with AIDS. The AIDS case rate among black females was 22 times higher than among white females. Hispanic disparities are less pronounced. Source: Bureau of HIV/AIDS Florida Department of Health. Presentation by Spencer Lieb, Senior Epidemiologist. It is estimated that in Broward, approximately 1 in 130 is living with HIV/AIDS 1 in 216 Whites; 1 in 50 Blacks and 1 in 198 Hispanics. Males account for 75% of AIDS cases, while females account for 25%.[15] Other references to the Aids cases in Gadsden county (of which Quincy is the head seat) include reports from the center for disease control [16] These reports are updated yearly. For more information on AIDS or HIV in Gadsden County and what is being done about it, please contact their Health Department.

Leaf Theater

Named after the city's famed tobacco plant, the Quincy Leaf Theater[17] is one of the oldest theaters in Florida and is reputed to be haunted.[18] It was one of the first movie theaters in Quincy but now hosts only live stage productions.

Geography

Quincy is located at 30°35′N 84°35′W / 30.583°N 84.583°W / 30.583; -84.583 (30.59, -84.58).[19]

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 7.6 square miles (20 km2), of which 7.6 square miles (20 km2) is land and 0.13% is water.

Climate

Climate data for Quincy
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °F (°C) 64
(18)		 67
(19)		 74
(23)		 79
(26)		 86
(30)		 90
(32)		 91
(33)		 90
(32)		 88
(31)		 81
(27)		 73
(23)		 66
(19)		 79.1
(26.1)
Average low °F (°C) 40
(4)		 42
(6)		 48
(9)		 52
(11)		 61
(16)		 68
(20)		 71
(22)		 70
(21)		 66
(19)		 57
(14)		 49
(9)		 42
(6)		 55.5
(13.1)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 4.80
(121.9)		 4.92
(125)		 5.86
(148.8)		 3.68
(93.5)		 5.04
(128)		 5.92
(150.4)		 7.36
(186.9)		 6.78
(172.2)		 4.15
(105.4)		 4.11
(104.4)		 3.51
(89.2)		 3.77
(95.8)		 59.9
(1,521.5)
Source: Weatherbase[20]

Demographics

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
1870743—
1880639−14.0%
18906816.6%
190084724.4%
19103,204278.3%
19203,118−2.7%
19303,78821.5%
19403,8882.6%
19506,50567.3%
19608,87436.4%
19708,334−6.1%
19808,5913.1%
19907,444−13.4%
20006,982−6.2%
20107,97214.2%
Est. 20147,914[21]−0.7%
U.S. Decennial Census[22]

As of the census[2] of 2000, there were 6,982 people, 2,657 households, and 1,830 families residing in the city. The population density was 916.4 inhabitants per square mile (353.8/km²). There were 2,917 housing units at an average density of 382.9 per square mile (147.8/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 31.55% White, 64.15% African American, 0.16% Native American, 0.23% Asian, 3.22% from other races, and 0.69% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.89% of the population.

There were 2,657 households out of which 30.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.2% were married couples living together, 28.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.1% were non-families. 27.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 3.17.

In the city the population was spread out with 27.8% under the age of 18, 9.6% from 18 to 24, 25.7% from 25 to 44, 20.6% from 45 to 64, and 16.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 80.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 72.1 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $29,393, and the median income for a family was $31,890. Males had a median income of $27,871 versus $22,025 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,133. About 16.8% of families and 19.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.0% of those under age 18 and 23.1% of those age 65 or over.

Arts and culture

Museums and other points of interest

Judge Pleasants Woodson (P. W.) White House

There are several locations in Quincy which have been included in the National Register of Historic Places, most of which are within the boundary of the Quincy Historic District.
They are:

The Gadsden Arts Center,[23] an AAM accredited art museum[24] housed in the renovated 1912 Bell & Bates hardware store, with rotating regional & national art exhibitions and a permanent collection of Vernacular Art, is also situated in the Quincy Historic District.

Also notable is the Leaf Theater, which is considered a "historic cinema treasure".[25]

Media

Quincy has a local paper that covers all of Gadsden County, The Gadsden County Times.

Infrastructure

Transportation

Quincy Municipal Airport is a public-use airport located 2 miles (3.2 km) northeast of the central business district.Gadsden express bus travels to and from quincy Tallahassee

Notable people

Coca-Cola

Quincy investors were largely responsible for the development of its local Coca-Cola company into a worldwide conglomerate. Quincy was once rumored to be home to many millionaires due to the Coca-Cola boom. Mr. Pat Munroe, a banker, father of 18 children from two wives, and W.C. Bradley were among the stockholders of three of the banks that released 500,000 shares of new Coca-Cola common stock. They urged widows and farmers to invest for $40 each and several did.[27][28][29][30][31] Eventually that stock split, and made as many as 67 accounted for investors and Gadsden county residents rich. In perspective, a single share of Coca-Cola stock bought in 1919 for $40 would be worth $6.4 million today, if all dividends had been reinvested.[6]

References

  1. ↑ "The City of Quincy Florida Website". The City of Quincy Florida Website. Retrieved September 21, 2012.
  2. 1 2 "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  3. ↑ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  4. ↑ Annual Estimates of the Population for Incorporated Places in Florida, Listed Alphabetically: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2004
  5. ↑ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
  6. 1 2 3 [h http://www.epodunk.com/cgi-bin/genInfo.php?locIndex=8872 "Profile for Quincy, Florida, FL"] Check |url= value (help). ePodunk. Retrieved September 21, 2012.
  7. ↑ State Library and Archives of Florida. "Florida Memory - Workers harvesting wrapper tobacco - Quincy, Florida". Florida Memory.
  8. ↑ Ortiz, Paul. "African-American Resistance to Jim Crow in the South".
  9. ↑ Granade, Ray (July 1976). "Slave Unrest in Florida" (PDF). Florida Historical Quarterly: 18–36.
  10. ↑ http://www.allamericacityaward.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/1Winners-1949-2012.pdf
  11. ↑ "Find Doctors in Quincy". ucomparehealthcare.com.
  12. ↑ http://www.hivplusmag.com/perspective/2003/03/01/facing-legitmate-concern
  13. ↑ http://www.doh.state.fl.us/disease_ctrl/aids/Docs/Man_Up_Report.pdf
  14. ↑ Source: Bureau of HIV/AIDS Florida Department of Health. Presentation by Spencer Lieb, Senior Epidemiologist. Unequal Impact of HIV/AIDS in Minorities in Florida
  15. ↑ "CDC - Divisions of HIV/AIDS Prevention". cdc.gov.
  16. ↑ http://www.floridacharts.com/charts/OtherIndicators/NonVitalIndNoGrpDataViewer.aspx?cid=0141
  17. ↑ http://qmt.org/
  18. ↑ "ForgottenUSA - Quincy Leaf Theatre is Haunted in Quincy Florida". Forgotten USA.
  19. ↑ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
  20. ↑ "Weatherbase: Historical Weather for Quincy, Florida". Weatherbase. 2011. Retrieved on November 24, 2011.
  21. ↑ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014". Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  22. ↑ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
  23. ↑ http://www.gadsdenarts.org
  24. ↑ http://www.aam-us.org/resources/assessment-programs/accreditation/accredited-museums
  25. ↑ Quincy Music Theatre. Cinema Treasures. Accessed 2013-03-04.
  26. ↑ Stewart, Zan. "Born to swing: Nat Adderley Jr. returns to his roots", The Star-Ledger, September 10, 2009. Accessed September 10, 2009.
  27. ↑ http://www.gadsdenarts.org/gacnew/Portals/0/QuincyHistoricEBook.pdf
  28. ↑ Gary McKechnie. "The Coca-Cola Millionaires of Quincy, Florida". visitflorida.com.
  29. ↑ "Quincy’s Drink of Choice". tallahasseemagazine.com.
  30. ↑ "Quincy Florida: America's Coke Habit Made The Town Rich". Florida Backroads Travel.
  31. ↑ "Quincy Fl Coca Cola History - Coke millions fortify a town Shareholders: The Coca-Cola stock that some Quincy, Fla., tobacco farmers bought 74 years ago is still held today by the town's "Coke millionaires," whose generosity has made Quincy a better place to live. - tribunedigital-baltimoresun". tribunedigital-baltimoresun.

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