REG1A

Regenerating islet-derived 1 alpha
PDB rendering based on 1lit.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 1LIT​, 1QDD​
Identifiers
Symbols	REG1A ; ICRF; P19; PSP; PSPS; PSPS1; PTP; REG
External IDs	OMIM: 167770 MGI: 97895 HomoloGene: 68282 GeneCards: REG1A Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • growth factor activity • carbohydrate binding Cellular component • extracellular exosome Biological process • positive regulation of cell proliferation Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	5967	19692
Ensembl	ENSG00000115386	ENSMUSG00000059654
UniProt	P05451	P43137
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_002909	NM_009042
RefSeq (protein)	NP_002900	NP_033068
Location (UCSC)	Chr 2: 79.12 – 79.12 Mb	Chr 6: 78.43 – 78.43 Mb
PubMed search

Lithostathine-1-alpha also known as islet cells regeneration factor (ICRF) or islet of Langerhans regenerating protein (REG) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the REG1A gene.^[1][2][3]

Function

This protein is a type I subclass member of the Regenerating protein family. The Reg protein family is a multi protein family grouped into four subclasses, types I, II, III and IV based on the primary structures of the proteins. This protein that is secreted by the exocrine pancreas. It is associated with islet cell regeneration and diabetogenesis and may be involved in pancreatic lithogenesis. Reg family members REG1B, REGL, PAP and this gene are tandomly clustered on chromosome 2p12 and may have arisen from the same ancestral gene by gene duplication.^[3]

References

1. Watanabe T, Yonekura H, Terazono K, Yamamoto H, Okamoto H (Jun 1990). "Complete nucleotide sequence of human reg gene and its expression in normal and tumoral tissues. The gene encode protein, pancreatic stone protein, and pancreatic thread protein are one and the same product of the gene". J Biol Chem 265 (13): 7432–9. PMID 2332435.
2. Gharib B, Fox MF, Bartoli C, Giorgi D, Sansonetti A, Swallow DM, Dagorn JC, Berge-lefranc JL (Aug 1993). "Human regeneration protein/lithostathine genes map to chromosome 2p12". Ann Hum Genet 57 (Pt 1): 9–16. doi:10.1111/j.1469-1809.1993.tb00882.x. PMID 8333731.
3. "Entrez Gene: REG1A regenerating islet-derived 1 alpha (pancreatic stone protein, pancreatic thread protein)".

Further reading

• De Reggi M, Gharib B (2002). "Protein-X, Pancreatic Stone-, Pancreatic thread-, reg-protein, P19, lithostathine, and now what? Characterization, structural analysis and putative function(s) of the major non-enzymatic protein of pancreatic secretions". Curr. Protein Pept. Sci. 2 (1): 19–42. doi:10.2174/1389203013381233. PMID 12369899.
• Itoh T, Tsuzuki H, Katoh T, Teraoka H, Matsumoto K, Yoshida N, Terazono K, Watanabe T, Yonekura H, Yamamoto H (1990). "Isolation and characterization of human reg protein produced in Saccharomyces cerevisiae". FEBS Lett. 272 (1–2): 85–8. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(90)80454-Q. PMID 2226837.
• de la Monte SM, Ozturk M, Wands JR (1990). "Enhanced expression of an exocrine pancreatic protein in Alzheimer's disease and the developing human brain". J. Clin. Invest. 86 (3): 1004–13. doi:10.1172/JCI114762. PMC 296822. PMID 2394826.
• De Caro AM, Adrich Z, Fournet B, Capon C, Bonicel JJ, De Caro JD, Rovery M (1989). "N-terminal sequence extension in the glycosylated forms of human pancreatic stone protein. The 5-oxoproline N-terminal chain is O-glycosylated on the 5th amino acid residue". Biochim. Biophys. Acta 994 (3): 281–4. doi:10.1016/0167-4838(89)90305-1. PMID 2493268.
• Giorgi D, Bernard JP, Rouquier S, Iovanna J, Sarles H, Dagorn JC (1989). "Secretory pancreatic stone protein messenger RNA. Nucleotide sequence and expression in chronic calcifying pancreatitis". J. Clin. Invest. 84 (1): 100–6. doi:10.1172/JCI114128. PMC 303958. PMID 2525567.
• Stewart TA (1989). "The human reg gene encodes pancreatic stone protein". Biochem. J. 260 (2): 622–3. PMC 1138718. PMID 2764894.
• Terazono K, Yamamoto H, Takasawa S, Shiga K, Yonemura Y, Tochino Y, Okamoto H (1988). "A novel gene activated in regenerating islets". J. Biol. Chem. 263 (5): 2111–4. PMID 2963000.
• Rouimi P, Bonicel J, Rovery M, De Caro A (1987). "Cleavage of the Arg-Ile bond in the native polypeptide chain of human pancreatic stone protein". FEBS Lett. 216 (2): 195–9. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(87)80688-9. PMID 3108036.
• Rouimi P, de Caro J, Bonicel J, Rovery M, de Caro A (1988). "The disulfide bridges of the immunoreactive forms of human pancreatic stone protein isolated from pancreatic juice". FEBS Lett. 229 (1): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(88)80820-2. PMID 3345835.
• Montalto G, Bonicel J, Multigner L, Rovery M, Sarles H, De Caro A (1987). "Partial amino acid sequence of human pancreatic stone protein, a novel pancreatic secretory protein". Biochem. J. 238 (1): 227–32. PMC 1147119. PMID 3541906.
• De Caro AM, Bonicel JJ, Rouimi P, De Caro JD, Sarles H, Rovery M (1987). "Complete amino acid sequence of an immunoreactive form of human pancreatic stone protein isolated from pancreatic juice". Eur. J. Biochem. 168 (1): 201–7. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1987.tb13405.x. PMID 3665916.
• Gross J, Carlson RI, Brauer AW, Margolies MN, Warshaw AL, Wands JR (1986). "Isolation, characterization, and distribution of an unusual pancreatic human secretory protein". J. Clin. Invest. 76 (6): 2115–26. doi:10.1172/JCI112216. PMC 424321. PMID 3908481.
• Perfetti R, Hawkins AL, Griffin CA, Egan JM, Zenilman ME, Shuldiner AR (1994). "Assignment of the human pancreatic regenerating (REG) gene to chromosome 2p12". Genomics 20 (2): 305–7. doi:10.1006/geno.1994.1173. PMID 8020983.
• Otonkoski T, Mally MI, Hayek A (1994). "Opposite effects of beta-cell differentiation and growth on reg expression in human fetal pancreatic cells". Diabetes 43 (9): 1164–6. doi:10.2337/diabetes.43.9.1164. PMID 8070617.
• Moriizumi S, Watanabe T, Unno M, Nakagawara K, Suzuki Y, Miyashita H, Yonekura H, Okamoto H (1994). "Isolation, structural determination and expression of a novel reg gene, human regI beta". Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1217 (2): 199–202. doi:10.1016/0167-4781(94)90035-3. PMID 8110835.
• Bartoli C, Gharib B, Giorgi D, Sansonetti A, Dagorn JC, Bergé-Lefranc JL (1993). "A gene homologous to the reg gene is expressed in the human pancreas". FEBS Lett. 327 (3): 289–93. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(93)81006-L. PMID 8348956.
• Bertrand JA, Pignol D, Bernard JP, Verdier JM, Dagorn JC, Fontecilla-Camps JC (1996). "Crystal structure of human lithostathine, the pancreatic inhibitor of stone formation". EMBO J. 15 (11): 2678–84. PMC 450203. PMID 8654365.
• Patard L, Stoven V, Gharib B, Bontems F, Lallemand JY, De Reggi M (1997). "What function for human lithostathine?: structural investigations by three-dimensional structure modeling and high-resolution NMR spectroscopy". Protein Eng. 9 (11): 949–57. doi:10.1093/protein/9.11.949. PMID 8961348.