RGS14

Regulator of G-protein signaling 14
PDB rendering based on 1kjy.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 2JNU​, 2OM2​, 2XNS​, 3ONW​, 3QI2​
Identifiers
Symbol	RGS14
External IDs	OMIM: 602513 MGI: 1859709 HomoloGene: 4735 GeneCards: RGS14 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • G-protein alpha-subunit binding • receptor signaling protein activity • GDP-dissociation inhibitor activity • GTPase activator activity • microtubule binding • receptor signaling complex scaffold activity • GTPase activating protein binding Cellular component • spindle pole • nucleus • cytoplasm • centrosome • spindle • microtubule • plasma membrane • postsynaptic density • nuclear body • PML body • cell junction • dendrite • dendritic spine • postsynaptic membrane Biological process • nucleocytoplasmic transport • response to oxidative stress • spindle organization • chromosome segregation • mitotic nuclear division • learning • long-term memory • regulation of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway • visual learning • zygote asymmetric cell division • negative regulation of synaptic plasticity • intracellular signal transduction • termination of G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway • negative regulation of MAP kinase activity • positive regulation of GTPase activity • regulation of DNA-templated transcription in response to stress • platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway • positive regulation of neurogenesis • cell division • long-term synaptic potentiation • negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	10636	51791
Ensembl	ENSG00000169220	ENSMUSG00000052087
UniProt	O43566	P97492
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_006480	NM_016758
RefSeq (protein)	NP_006471	NP_058038
Location (UCSC)	Chr 5: 177.36 – 177.37 Mb	Chr 13: 55.37 – 55.38 Mb
PubMed search

Regulator of G-protein signaling 14 (RGS14) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RGS14 gene.^[1]

Function

RGS14 is a member of the regulator of G protein signalling family. This protein contains one RGS domain, two Raf-like Ras-binding domains (RBDs), and one GoLoco motif. The protein attenuates the signaling activity of G-proteins by binding, through its GoLoco domain, to specific types of activated, GTP-bound G alpha subunits. Acting as a GTPase activating protein (GAP), the protein increases the rate of conversion of the GTP to GDP. This hydrolysis allows the G alpha subunits to bind G beta/gamma subunit heterodimers, forming inactive G-protein heterotrimers, thereby terminating the signal. Alternate transcriptional splice variants of this gene have been observed but have not been thoroughly characterized.^[1]

Increasing the expression of the RGS14 protein in the V2 secondary visual cortex of mice promotes the conversion of short-term to long-term object-recognition memory.^[2] Conversely RGS14 is enriched in CA2 pyramidal neurons and suppresses synaptic plasticity of these synapses and hippocampal-based learning and memory.^[3]

Interactions

RGS14 has been shown to interact with:

• GNAI1^[4][5][6][7] and
• GNAI3.^[4]

References

1. "Entrez Gene: RGS14 regulator of G-protein signalling 14".
2. López-Aranda MF, López-Téllez JF, Navarro-Lobato I, Masmudi-Martín M, Gutiérrez A, Khan ZU (July 2009). "Role of layer 6 of V2 visual cortex in object-recognition memory". Science 325 (5936): 87–9. doi:10.1126/science.1170869. PMID 19574389. Lay summary – Mad Science.
3. Lee SE, Simons SB, Heldt SA, Zhao M, Schroeder JP, Vellano CP, Cowan DP, Ramineni S, Yates CK, Feng Y, Smith Y, Sweatt JD, Weinshenker D, Ressler KJ, Dudek SM, Hepler JR (September 2010). "RGS14 is a natural suppressor of both synaptic plasticity in CA2 neurons and hippocampal-based learning and memory". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 107 (39): 16994–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.1005362107. PMC 2947872. PMID 20837545. Lay summary – MedicalDaily.
4. Kimple RJ, De Vries L, Tronchère H, Behe CI, Morris RA, Gist Farquhar M, Siderovski DP (August 2001). "RGS12 and RGS14 GoLoco motifs are G alpha(i) interaction sites with guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor Activity". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (31): 29275–81. doi:10.1074/jbc.M103208200. PMID 11387333.
5. Hollinger S, Taylor JB, Goldman EH, Hepler JR (December 2001). "RGS14 is a bifunctional regulator of Galphai/o activity that exists in multiple populations in brain". J. Neurochem. 79 (5): 941–9. doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00629.x. PMID 11739605.
6. Kimple RJ, Kimple ME, Betts L, Sondek J, Siderovski DP (April 2002). "Structural determinants for GoLoco-induced inhibition of nucleotide release by Galpha subunits". Nature 416 (6883): 878–81. doi:10.1038/416878a. PMID 11976690.
7. Shu FJ, Ramineni S, Amyot W, Hepler JR (January 2007). "Selective interactions between Gi alpha1 and Gi alpha3 and the GoLoco/GPR domain of RGS14 influence its dynamic subcellular localization". Cell. Signal. 19 (1): 163–76. doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2006.06.002. PMID 16870394.

Further reading

• Snow BE, Antonio L, Suggs S, et al. (1997). "Molecular cloning and expression analysis of rat Rgs12 and Rgs14.". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 233 (3): 770–7. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.6537. PMID 9168931.
• Traver S, Bidot C, Spassky N, et al. (2001). "RGS14 is a novel Rap effector that preferentially regulates the GTPase activity of galphao.". Biochem. J. 350 (1): 19–29. doi:10.1042/0264-6021:3500019. PMC 1221220. PMID 10926822.
• Cho H, Kozasa T, Takekoshi K, et al. (2000). "RGS14, a GTPase-activating protein for Gialpha, attenuates Gialpha- and G13alpha-mediated signaling pathways.". Mol. Pharmacol. 58 (3): 569–76. PMID 10953050.
• Hollinger, S, Taylor, JB, Goldman, EH, Hepler, JR (2001). "RGS14 is a bifunctional regulator of Gi/oalpha activity that exists in multiple populations in brain.". Journal of Neurochemistry. 79 (5): 941–49. doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00629.x. PMID 11739605.
• Kimple RJ, De Vries L, Tronchère H, et al. (2001). "RGS12 and RGS14 GoLoco motifs are G alpha(i) interaction sites with guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor Activity.". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (31): 29275–81. doi:10.1074/jbc.M103208200. PMID 11387333.
• Sierra DA, Gilbert DJ, Householder D, et al. (2002). "Evolution of the regulators of G-protein signaling multigene family in mouse and human.". Genomics 79 (2): 177–85. doi:10.1006/geno.2002.6693. PMID 11829488.
• Kimple RJ, Kimple ME, Betts L, et al. (2002). "Structural determinants for GoLoco-induced inhibition of nucleotide release by Galpha subunits.". Nature 416 (6883): 878–81. doi:10.1038/416878a. PMID 11976690.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Hollinger S, Ramineni S, Hepler JR (2003). "Phosphorylation of RGS14 by protein kinase A potentiates its activity toward G alpha i.". Biochemistry 42 (3): 811–9. doi:10.1021/bi026664y. PMID 12534294.
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Martin-McCaffrey L, Willard FS, Oliveira-dos-Santos AJ, et al. (2004). "RGS14 is a mitotic spindle protein essential from the first division of the mammalian zygote.". Dev. Cell 7 (5): 763–9. doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2004.10.004. PMID 15525537.
• Martin-McCaffrey L, Willard FS, Pajak A, et al. (2006). "RGS14 is a microtubule-associated protein.". Cell Cycle 4 (7): 953–60. doi:10.4161/cc.4.7.1787. PMID 15917656.
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, et al. (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network.". Nature 437 (7062): 1173–8. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514.
• Shu, FJ, Ramineni,S, Amyot, W, Hepler, JR (2007). "Selective interactions between Gialpha1 and Gialpha3 and the GoLoco/GPR domain of RGS14 influence its dynamic subcellular localization.". Cellular Signalling. 19 (1): 941–49. doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2006.06.002. PMID 16870394.
• Shu, FJ, Ramineni,S, Hepler, JR (2009). "RGS14 is multifunctional scaffold that integrates G protein and Ras/Raf MAPkinase signaling pathways.". Cellular Signalling.: in press.