GNAI3

Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting activity polypeptide 3
PDB rendering based on 1agr.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 2IHB​, 2ODE​, 2V4Z​, 4G5O​, 4G5R​, 4G5S​
Identifiers
Symbols	GNAI3 ; 87U6; ARCND1
External IDs	OMIM: 139370 MGI: 95773 HomoloGene: 55975 ChEMBL: 4221 GeneCards: GNAI3 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • GTPase activity • signal transducer activity • protein binding • GTP binding • protein domain specific binding • G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding • G-protein coupled serotonin receptor binding • GTPase activating protein binding • metal ion binding Cellular component • cytoplasm • lysosomal membrane • Golgi apparatus • centrosome • heterotrimeric G-protein complex • plasma membrane • membrane • midbody • zymogen granule • membrane raft • extracellular exosome Biological process • transport • vesicle fusion • cell cycle • adenylate cyclase-modulating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway • adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway • negative regulation of adenylate cyclase activity • synaptic transmission • blood coagulation • metabolic process • platelet activation • cell division Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	2773	14679
Ensembl	ENSG00000065135	ENSMUSG00000000001
UniProt	P08754	Q9DC51
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_006496	NM_010306
RefSeq (protein)	NP_006487	NP_034436
Location (UCSC)	Chr 1: 109.55 – 109.62 Mb	Chr 3: 108.11 – 108.15 Mb
PubMed search

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(k) subunit alpha is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNAI3 gene.^[1][2]

Interactions

GNAI3 has been shown to interact with:

• RGS10^[3]
• RGS12,^[4]
• RGS14,^[4]
• RGS16,^[5][6]
• RGS18,^[7][8]
• RGS19,^[9][10][11]
• RGS5,^[5][12]
• RIC8A,^[13] and
• S1PR1.^[14]

See also

• Gi alpha subunit

References

1. Didsbury JR, Snyderman R (Jul 1987). "Molecular cloning of a new human G protein. Evidence for two Gi alpha-like protein families". FEBS Letters 219 (1): 259–63. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(87)81228-0. PMID 3109953.
2. "Entrez Gene: GNAI3 guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting activity polypeptide 3".
3. Hunt TW, Fields TA, Casey PJ, Peralta EG (Sep 1996). "RGS10 is a selective activator of G alpha i GTPase activity". Nature 383 (6596): 175–7. doi:10.1038/383175a0. PMID 8774883.
4. Kimple RJ, De Vries L, Tronchère H, Behe CI, Morris RA, Gist Farquhar M, Siderovski DP (Aug 2001). "RGS12 and RGS14 GoLoco motifs are G alpha(i) interaction sites with guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor Activity". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 276 (31): 29275–81. doi:10.1074/jbc.M103208200. PMID 11387333.
5. Chen C, Zheng B, Han J, Lin SC (Mar 1997). "Characterization of a novel mammalian RGS protein that binds to Galpha proteins and inhibits pheromone signaling in yeast". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 272 (13): 8679–85. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.13.8679. PMID 9079700.
6. Beadling C, Druey KM, Richter G, Kehrl JH, Smith KA (Mar 1999). "Regulators of G protein signaling exhibit distinct patterns of gene expression and target G protein specificity in human lymphocytes". Journal of Immunology 162 (5): 2677–82. PMID 10072511.
7. Yowe D, Weich N, Prabhudas M, Poisson L, Errada P, Kapeller R, Yu K, Faron L, Shen M, Cleary J, Wilkie TM, Gutierrez-Ramos C, Hodge MR (Oct 2001). "RGS18 is a myeloerythroid lineage-specific regulator of G-protein-signalling molecule highly expressed in megakaryocytes". The Biochemical Journal 359 (Pt 1): 109–18. doi:10.1042/bj3590109. PMC 1222126. PMID 11563974.
8. Gagnon AW, Murray DL, Leadley RJ (Jul 2002). "Cloning and characterization of a novel regulator of G protein signalling in human platelets". Cellular Signalling 14 (7): 595–606. doi:10.1016/s0898-6568(02)00012-8. PMID 11955952.
9. De Vries L, Elenko E, Hubler L, Jones TL, Farquhar MG (Dec 1996). "GAIP is membrane-anchored by palmitoylation and interacts with the activated (GTP-bound) form of G alpha i subunits". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 93 (26): 15203–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.26.15203. PMC 26381. PMID 8986788.
10. Woulfe DS, Stadel JM (Jun 1999). "Structural basis for the selectivity of the RGS protein, GAIP, for Galphai family members. Identification of a single amino acid determinant for selective interaction of Galphai subunits with GAIP". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 274 (25): 17718–24. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.25.17718. PMID 10364213.
11. De Vries L, Mousli M, Wurmser A, Farquhar MG (Dec 1995). "GAIP, a protein that specifically interacts with the trimeric G protein G alpha i3, is a member of a protein family with a highly conserved core domain". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 92 (25): 11916–20. doi:10.1073/pnas.92.25.11916. PMC 40514. PMID 8524874.
12. Zhou J, Moroi K, Nishiyama M, Usui H, Seki N, Ishida J, Fukamizu A, Kimura S (Feb 2001). "Characterization of RGS5 in regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling". Life Sciences 68 (13): 1457–69. doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(01)00939-0. PMID 11253162.
13. Tall GG, Krumins AM, Gilman AG (Mar 2003). "Mammalian Ric-8A (synembryn) is a heterotrimeric Galpha protein guanine nucleotide exchange factor". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 278 (10): 8356–62. doi:10.1074/jbc.M211862200. PMID 12509430.
14. Lee MJ, Evans M, Hla T (May 1996). "The inducible G protein-coupled receptor edg-1 signals via the G(i)/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 271 (19): 11272–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.19.11272. PMID 8626678.

Further reading

• Downes GB, Gautam N (Dec 1999). "The G protein subunit gene families". Genomics 62 (3): 544–52. doi:10.1006/geno.1999.5992. PMID 10644457.
• Sidhu A, Niznik HB (Nov 2000). "Coupling of dopamine receptor subtypes to multiple and diverse G proteins". International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience 18 (7): 669–77. doi:10.1016/S0736-5748(00)00033-2. PMID 10978845.
• Jiang M, Pandey S, Tran VT, Fong HK (May 1991). "Guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins in retinal pigment epithelial cells". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 88 (9): 3907–11. doi:10.1073/pnas.88.9.3907. PMC 51562. PMID 1902575.
• Carty DJ, Padrell E, Codina J, Birnbaumer L, Hildebrandt JD, Iyengar R (Apr 1990). "Distinct guanine nucleotide binding and release properties of the three Gi proteins". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 265 (11): 6268–73. PMID 2108158.
• Suki WN, Abramowitz J, Mattera R, Codina J, Birnbaumer L (Aug 1987). "The human genome encodes at least three non-allellic G proteins with alpha i-type subunits". FEBS Letters 220 (1): 187–92. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(87)80900-6. PMID 2440724.
• Codina J, Olate J, Abramowitz J, Mattera R, Cook RG, Birnbaumer L (May 1988). "Alpha i-3 cDNA encodes the alpha subunit of Gk, the stimulatory G protein of receptor-regulated K+ channels". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 263 (14): 6746–50. PMID 2452165.
• Itoh H, Toyama R, Kozasa T, Tsukamoto T, Matsuoka M, Kaziro Y (May 1988). "Presence of three distinct molecular species of Gi protein alpha subunit. Structure of rat cDNAs and human genomic DNAs". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 263 (14): 6656–64. PMID 2834384.
• Beals CR, Wilson CB, Perlmutter RM (Nov 1987). "A small multigene family encodes Gi signal-transduction proteins". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 84 (22): 7886–90. doi:10.1073/pnas.84.22.7886. PMC 299440. PMID 3120178.
• Kim SY, Ang SL, Bloch DB, Bloch KD, Kawahara Y, Tolman C, Lee R, Seidman JG, Neer EJ (Jun 1988). "Identification of cDNA encoding an additional alpha subunit of a human GTP-binding protein: expression of three alpha i subtypes in human tissues and cell lines". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 85 (12): 4153–7. doi:10.1073/pnas.85.12.4153. PMC 280384. PMID 3132707.
• Migeon JC, Thomas SL, Nathanson NM (Jul 1995). "Differential coupling of m2 and m4 muscarinic receptors to inhibition of adenylyl cyclase by Gi alpha and G(o)alpha subunits". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 270 (27): 16070–4. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.27.16070. PMID 7608168.
• Raymond JR, Olsen CL, Gettys TW (Oct 1993). "Cell-specific physical and functional coupling of human 5-HT1A receptors to inhibitory G protein alpha-subunits and lack of coupling to Gs alpha". Biochemistry 32 (41): 11064–73. doi:10.1021/bi00092a016. PMID 8218170.
• Wu D, LaRosa GJ, Simon MI (Jul 1993). "G protein-coupled signal transduction pathways for interleukin-8". Science 261 (5117): 101–3. doi:10.1126/science.8316840. PMID 8316840.
• Europe-Finner GN, Phaneuf S, Watson SP, López Bernal A (Jun 1993). "Identification and expression of G-proteins in human myometrium: up-regulation of G alpha s in pregnancy". Endocrinology 132 (6): 2484–90. doi:10.1210/en.132.6.2484. PMID 8504751.
• De Vries L, Mousli M, Wurmser A, Farquhar MG (Dec 1995). "GAIP, a protein that specifically interacts with the trimeric G protein G alpha i3, is a member of a protein family with a highly conserved core domain". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 92 (25): 11916–20. doi:10.1073/pnas.92.25.11916. PMC 40514. PMID 8524874.
• Laugwitz KL, Allgeier A, Offermanns S, Spicher K, Van Sande J, Dumont JE, Schultz G (Jan 1996). "The human thyrotropin receptor: a heptahelical receptor capable of stimulating members of all four G protein families". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 93 (1): 116–20. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.1.116. PMC 40189. PMID 8552586.
• Lee MJ, Evans M, Hla T (May 1996). "The inducible G protein-coupled receptor edg-1 signals via the G(i)/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 271 (19): 11272–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.19.11272. PMID 8626678.
• Solomon KR, Rudd CE, Finberg RW (Jun 1996). "The association between glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins and heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunits in lymphocytes". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 93 (12): 6053–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.12.6053. PMC 39187. PMID 8650218.
• Zhang J, Pratt RE (Jun 1996). "The AT2 receptor selectively associates with Gialpha2 and Gialpha3 in the rat fetus". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 271 (25): 15026–33. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.25.15026. PMID 8663053.
• Hunt TW, Fields TA, Casey PJ, Peralta EG (Sep 1996). "RGS10 is a selective activator of G alpha i GTPase activity". Nature 383 (6596): 175–7. doi:10.1038/383175a0. PMID 8774883.