GSK3A

Glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 2DFM​
Identifiers
Symbols	GSK3A ; DKFZp686D0638
External IDs	OMIM: 606784 MGI: 2152453 HomoloGene: 88581 ChEMBL: 2850 GeneCards: GSK3A Gene
EC number	2.7.11.1, 2.7.11.26
Gene ontology Molecular function • protein serine/threonine kinase activity • protein binding • ATP binding • protein kinase A catalytic subunit binding • tau-protein kinase activity Cellular component • cytosol • beta-catenin destruction complex Biological process • regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure • cardiac left ventricle morphogenesis • glycogen metabolic process • regulation of gene expression by genetic imprinting • protein phosphorylation • epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway • nervous system development • insulin receptor signaling pathway • fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway • positive regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation • negative regulation of UDP-glucose catabolic process • Wnt signaling pathway • cell migration • positive regulation of cAMP biosynthetic process • endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response • negative regulation of TOR signaling • cellular response to insulin stimulus • positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation • cellular response to interleukin-3 • IRE1-mediated unfolded protein response • Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway • proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process • hypermethylation of CpG island • cellular protein metabolic process • innate immune response • negative regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process • positive regulation of protein catabolic process • positive regulation of heart contraction • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • negative regulation of glucose import • negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway • neurotrophin TRK receptor signaling pathway • phosphatidylinositol-mediated signaling • negative regulation of cell growth involved in cardiac muscle cell development • cellular response to lithium ion • cellular response to organic cyclic compound • positive regulation of adrenergic receptor signaling pathway • negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway • extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand • positive regulation of mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization involved in apoptotic signaling pathway • regulation of mitophagy • positive regulation of protein targeting to mitochondrion • negative regulation of glycogen synthase activity, transferring glucose-1-phosphate • negative regulation of type B pancreatic cell development • negative regulation of glycogen (starch) synthase activity • positive regulation of glycogen (starch) synthase activity Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	2931	606496
Ensembl	ENSG00000105723	ENSMUSG00000057177
UniProt	P49840	Q2NL51
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_019884	NM_001031667
RefSeq (protein)	NP_063937	NP_001026837
Location (UCSC)	Chr 19: 42.23 – 42.24 Mb	Chr 7: 25.23 – 25.24 Mb
PubMed search

Glycogen synthase kinase-3 alpha is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GSK3A gene.^[1]

Glycogen synthase kinase 3-alpha EC 2.7.1.37 is a multifunctional protein serine kinase, homologous to Drosophila 'shaggy' (zeste-white3) and implicated in the control of several regulatory proteins including glycogen synthase and various transcription factors (e.g., JUN). It also plays a role in the WNT and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (especially PIK3CG) signaling pathways.^[2][3]

Model organisms

Gsk3a knockout mouse phenotype

Characteristic	Phenotype
Homozygote viability	Normal
Homozygous Fertility	Normal
Body weight	Normal
Anxiety	Normal
Neurological assessment	Normal
Grip strength	Normal
Hot plate	Normal
Dysmorphology	Normal
Indirect calorimetry	Normal
Glucose tolerance test	Normal
Auditory brainstem response	Normal
DEXA	Normal
Radiography	Normal
Body temperature	Normal
Eye morphology	Normal
Clinical chemistry	Normal
Haematology	Normal
Peripheral blood lymphocytes	Normal
Micronucleus test	Normal
Heart weight	Normal
Skin Histopathology	Normal
All tests and analysis from[4][5]

Model organisms have been used in the study of GSK3A function. A conditional knockout mouse line, called Gsk3a^{tm1a(EUCOMM)Wtsi[6][7]} was generated as part of the International Knockout Mouse Consortium program — a high-throughput mutagenesis project to generate and distribute animal models of disease to interested scientists.^[8][9][10]

Male and female animals underwent a standardized phenotypic screen to determine the effects of deletion.^[4][11] Twenty one tests were carried out on mutant mice but no significant abnormalities were observed.^[4]

See also

• Glycogen synthase kinase 3

References

1. Shaw PC, Davies AF, Lau KF, Garcia-Barcelo M, Waye MM, Lovestone S, Miller CC, Anderton BH (Oct 1998). "Isolation and chromosomal mapping of human glycogen synthase kinase-3 alpha and -3 beta encoding genes". Genome / National Research Council Canada = Génome / Conseil National De Recherches Canada 41 (5): 720–7. doi:10.1139/gen-41-5-720. PMID 9809441.
2. Ali A, Hoeflich KP, Woodgett JR (Aug 2001). "Glycogen synthase kinase-3: properties, functions, and regulation". Chemical Reviews 101 (8): 2527–40. doi:10.1021/cr000110o. PMID 11749387.
3. "Entrez Gene: GSK3A glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha".
4. Gerdin AK (2010). "The Sanger Mouse Genetics Programme: High throughput characterisation of knockout mice". Acta Ophthalmologica 88: 925–7. doi:10.1111/j.1755-3768.2010.4142.x.
5. Mouse Resources Portal, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
6. "International Knockout Mouse Consortium".
7. "Mouse Genome Informatics".
8. Skarnes WC, Rosen B, West AP, Koutsourakis M, Bushell W, Iyer V, Mujica AO, Thomas M, Harrow J, Cox T, Jackson D, Severin J, Biggs P, Fu J, Nefedov M, de Jong PJ, Stewart AF, Bradley A (Jun 2011). "A conditional knockout resource for the genome-wide study of mouse gene function". Nature 474 (7351): 337–42. doi:10.1038/nature10163. PMC 3572410. PMID 21677750.
9. Dolgin E (Jun 2011). "Mouse library set to be knockout". Nature 474 (7351): 262–3. doi:10.1038/474262a. PMID 21677718.
10. Collins FS, Rossant J, Wurst W (Jan 2007). "A mouse for all reasons". Cell 128 (1): 9–13. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.12.018. PMID 17218247.
11. van der Weyden L, White JK, Adams DJ, Logan DW (2011). "The mouse genetics toolkit: revealing function and mechanism". Genome Biology 12 (6): 224. doi:10.1186/gb-2011-12-6-224. PMC 3218837. PMID 21722353.