GNAI2

Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting activity polypeptide 2
Identifiers
Symbols	GNAI2 ; GIP; GNAI2B; H_LUCA15.1; H_LUCA16.1
External IDs	OMIM: 139360 MGI: 95772 HomoloGene: 55539 GeneCards: GNAI2 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • G-protein coupled receptor binding • GTPase activity • signal transducer activity • protein binding • GTP binding • G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding • metal ion binding Cellular component • nucleoplasm • cytoplasm • centrosome • cytosol • heterotrimeric G-protein complex • plasma membrane • membrane • midbody • membrane raft • extracellular exosome • extracellular vesicle Biological process • activation of MAPKK activity • adenosine receptor signaling pathway • cell cycle • signal transduction • G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway • adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway • negative regulation of adenylate cyclase activity • G-protein coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway • gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway • synaptic transmission • response to nutrient • blood coagulation • metabolic process • cell proliferation • positive regulation of cell proliferation • platelet activation • intracellular signal transduction • negative regulation of synaptic transmission • cell division • regulation of calcium ion transport Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	2771	14678
Ensembl	ENSG00000114353	ENSMUSG00000032562
UniProt	P04899	P08752
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001166425	NM_008138
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001159897	NP_032164
Location (UCSC)	Chr 3: 50.23 – 50.26 Mb	Chr 9: 107.61 – 107.64 Mb
PubMed search

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i), alpha-2 subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNAI2 gene.^[1][2][3]

Interactions

GNAI2 has been shown to interact with:

• EYA2,^[4]
• GPSM2,^[5][6]
• Interleukin 8 receptor, alpha,^[7][8]
• MDFI,^[9]
• RGS5,^[10][11] and
• RIC8A.^[12]

References

1. Didsbury JR, Ho YS, Snyderman R (Jan 1987). "Human Gi protein alpha-subunit: deduction of amino acid structure from a cloned cDNA". FEBS Letters 211 (2): 160–4. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(87)81428-X. PMID 3100330.
2. Magovcevic I, Ang SL, Seidman JG, Tolman CJ, Neer EJ, Morton CC (Jan 1992). "Regional localization of the human G protein alpha i2 (GNAI2) gene: assignment to 3p21 and a related sequence (GNAI2L) to 12p12-p13". Genomics 12 (1): 125–9. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(92)90414-N. PMID 1733849.
3. "Entrez Gene: GNAI2 Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting activity polypeptide 2".
4. Fan X, Brass LF, Poncz M, Spitz F, Maire P, Manning DR (Oct 2000). "The alpha subunits of Gz and Gi interact with the eyes absent transcription cofactor Eya2, preventing its interaction with the six class of homeodomain-containing proteins". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 275 (41): 32129–34. doi:10.1074/jbc.M004577200. PMID 10906137.
5. Marty C, Browning DD, Ye RD (Jun 2003). "Identification of tetratricopeptide repeat 1 as an adaptor protein that interacts with heterotrimeric G proteins and the small GTPase Ras". Molecular and Cellular Biology 23 (11): 3847–58. doi:10.1128/mcb.23.11.3847-3858.2003. PMC 155206. PMID 12748287.
6. Mochizuki N, Cho G, Wen B, Insel PA (Nov 1996). "Identification and cDNA cloning of a novel human mosaic protein, LGN, based on interaction with G alpha i2". Gene 181 (1-2): 39–43. doi:10.1016/s0378-1119(96)00456-8. PMID 8973305.
7. Damaj BB, McColl SR, Neote K, Songqing N, Ogborn KT, Hébert CA, Naccache PH (Oct 1996). "Identification of G-protein binding sites of the human interleukin-8 receptors by functional mapping of the intracellular loops". FASEB Journal 10 (12): 1426–34. PMID 8903513.
8. Damaj BB, McColl SR, Mahana W, Crouch MF, Naccache PH (May 1996). "Physical association of Gi2alpha with interleukin-8 receptors". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 271 (22): 12783–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.22.12783. PMID 8662698.
9. Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M (Oct 2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature 437 (7062): 1173–8. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514.
10. Chen C, Zheng B, Han J, Lin SC (Mar 1997). "Characterization of a novel mammalian RGS protein that binds to Galpha proteins and inhibits pheromone signaling in yeast". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 272 (13): 8679–85. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.13.8679. PMID 9079700.
11. Zhou J, Moroi K, Nishiyama M, Usui H, Seki N, Ishida J, Fukamizu A, Kimura S (Feb 2001). "Characterization of RGS5 in regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling". Life Sciences 68 (13): 1457–69. doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(01)00939-0. PMID 11253162.
12. Tall GG, Krumins AM, Gilman AG (Mar 2003). "Mammalian Ric-8A (synembryn) is a heterotrimeric Galpha protein guanine nucleotide exchange factor". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 278 (10): 8356–62. doi:10.1074/jbc.M211862200. PMID 12509430.

Further reading

• Sidhu A, Niznik HB (Nov 2000). "Coupling of dopamine receptor subtypes to multiple and diverse G proteins". International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience : The Official Journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience 18 (7): 669–77. doi:10.1016/S0736-5748(00)00033-2. PMID 10978845.
• Offermanns S, Schultz G, Rosenthal W (Feb 1991). "Evidence for opioid receptor-mediated activation of the G-proteins, Go and Gi2, in membranes of neuroblastoma x glioma (NG108-15) hybrid cells". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 266 (6): 3365–8. PMID 1671672.
• Cormont M, Le Marchand-Brustel Y, Van Obberghen E, Spiegel AM, Sharp GW (Sep 1991). "Identification of G protein alpha-subunits in RINm5F cells and their selective interaction with galanin receptor". Diabetes 40 (9): 1170–6. doi:10.2337/diabetes.40.9.1170. PMID 1718802.
• Bushfield M, Murphy GJ, Lavan BE, Parker PJ, Hruby VJ, Milligan G, Houslay MD (Jun 1990). "Hormonal regulation of Gi2 alpha-subunit phosphorylation in intact hepatocytes". The Biochemical Journal 268 (2): 449–57. PMC 1131453. PMID 2114093.
• Lyons J, Landis CA, Harsh G, Vallar L, Grünewald K, Feichtinger H, Duh QY, Clark OH, Kawasaki E, Bourne HR (Aug 1990). "Two G protein oncogenes in human endocrine tumors". Science 249 (4969): 655–9. doi:10.1126/science.2116665. PMID 2116665.
• Osawa S, Dhanasekaran N, Woon CW, Johnson GL (Nov 1990). "G alpha i-G alpha s chimeras define the function of alpha chain domains in control of G protein activation and beta gamma subunit complex interactions". Cell 63 (4): 697–706. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(90)90136-3. PMID 2121366.
• McClue SJ, Milligan G (Sep 1990). "The alpha 2B adrenergic receptor of undifferentiated neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid NG108-15 cells, interacts directly with the guanine nucleotide binding protein, Gi2". FEBS Letters 269 (2): 430–4. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(90)81209-7. PMID 2169434.
• Rudolph U, Koesling D, Hinsch KD, Seifert R, Bigalke M, Schultz G, Rosenthal W (May 1989). "G-protein alpha-subunits in cytosolic and membranous fractions of human neutrophils". Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 63 (1-2): 143–53. doi:10.1016/0303-7207(89)90090-7. PMID 2502457.
• Lang JC, Costa T (1990). "Distribution of the alpha-subunit of the guanine nucleotide-binding protein Gi2 and its comparison to G alpha o". Journal of Receptor Research 9 (4-5): 313–29. PMID 2512386.
• Itoh H, Toyama R, Kozasa T, Tsukamoto T, Matsuoka M, Kaziro Y (May 1988). "Presence of three distinct molecular species of Gi protein alpha subunit. Structure of rat cDNAs and human genomic DNAs". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 263 (14): 6656–64. PMID 2834384.
• Weinstein LS, Spiegel AM, Carter AD (May 1988). "Cloning and characterization of the human gene for the alpha-subunit of Gi2, a GTP-binding signal transduction protein". FEBS Letters 232 (2): 333–40. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(88)80764-6. PMID 2837412.
• Beals CR, Wilson CB, Perlmutter RM (Nov 1987). "A small multigene family encodes Gi signal-transduction proteins". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 84 (22): 7886–90. doi:10.1073/pnas.84.22.7886. PMC 299440. PMID 3120178.
• Williamson EA, Ince PG, Harrison D, Kendall-Taylor P, Harris PE (Feb 1995). "G-protein mutations in human pituitary adrenocorticotrophic hormone-secreting adenomas". European Journal of Clinical Investigation 25 (2): 128–31. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2362.1995.tb01537.x. PMID 7737262.
• Takigawa M, Sakurai T, Kasuya Y, Abe Y, Masaki T, Goto K (Feb 1995). "Molecular identification of guanine-nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins which couple to endothelin receptors". European Journal of Biochemistry / FEBS 228 (1): 102–8. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1995.tb20236.x. PMID 7882989.
• Grassie MA, Milligan G (Mar 1995). "Analysis of the relative interactions between the alpha 2C10 adrenoceptor and the guanine-nucleotide-binding proteins G(o)1 alpha and Gi 2 alpha following co-expression of these polypeptides in rat 1 fibroblasts". The Biochemical Journal 306 (2): 525–30. doi:10.1042/bj3060525. PMC 1136549. PMID 7887906.
• Migeon JC, Thomas SL, Nathanson NM (Nov 1994). "Regulation of cAMP-mediated gene transcription by wild type and mutated G-protein alpha subunits. Inhibition of adenylyl cyclase activity by muscarinic receptor-activated and constitutively activated G(o) alpha". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 269 (46): 29146–52. PMID 7961880.
• Wennogle LP, Conder L, Winter C, Braunwalder A, Vlattas S, Kramer R, Cioffi C, Hu SI (Jul 1994). "Stabilization of C5a receptor--G-protein interactions through ligand binding". Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 55 (3): 380–8. doi:10.1002/jcb.240550316. PMID 7962171.
• Valet P, Senard JM, Devedjian JC, Planat V, Salomon R, Voisin T, Drean G, Couvineau A, Daviaud D, Denis C (May 1993). "Characterization and distribution of alpha 2-adrenergic receptors in the human intestinal mucosa". The Journal of Clinical Investigation 91 (5): 2049–57. doi:10.1172/JCI116427. PMC 288203. PMID 8098045.