GNG3

Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), gamma 3
Identifiers
Symbol	GNG3
External IDs	OMIM: 608941 MGI: 102704 HomoloGene: 22575 GeneCards: GNG3 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • GTPase activity • signal transducer activity • type 1 angiotensin receptor binding Cellular component • cytosol • heterotrimeric G-protein complex • plasma membrane • neuronal postsynaptic density Biological process • activation of MAPK activity • energy reserve metabolic process • G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway • positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration • synaptic transmission • small molecule metabolic process • cellular response to glucagon stimulus Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	2785	14704
Ensembl	ENSG00000162188	ENSMUSG00000071658
UniProt	P63215	P63216
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_012202	NM_010316
RefSeq (protein)	NP_036334	NP_034446
Location (UCSC)	Chr 11: 62.71 – 62.71 Mb	Chr 19: 8.84 – 8.84 Mb
PubMed search

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNG3 gene.^[1][2]

G proteins are heterotrimers of alpha, beta, and gamma subunits. Gamma subunits, such as GNG3, contribute to the specificity of the hundreds of receptor signaling pathways involving G proteins (Schwindinger et al., 2004).[supplied by OMIM]^[2]

References

1. Downes GB, Gautam N (Mar 2000). "The G protein subunit gene families". Genomics 62 (3): 544–52. doi:10.1006/geno.1999.5992. PMID 10644457.
2. "Entrez Gene: GNG3 guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), gamma 3".

Further reading

• Wedegaertner PB, Wilson PT, Bourne HR (1995). "Lipid modifications of trimeric G proteins.". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (2): 503–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.2.503. PMID 7822269.
• Garcia-Higuera I, Thomas TC, Yi F, Neer EJ (1996). "Intersubunit surfaces in G protein alpha beta gamma heterotrimers. Analysis by cross-linking and mutagenesis of beta gamma.". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (1): 528–35. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.1.528. PMID 8550614.
• Yan K, Kalyanaraman V, Gautam N (1996). "Differential ability to form the G protein betagamma complex among members of the beta and gamma subunit families.". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (12): 7141–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.12.7141. PMID 8636150.
• Morishita R, Saga S, Kawamura N; et al. (1997). "Differential localization of the gamma 3 and gamma 12 subunits of G proteins in the mammalian brain.". J. Neurochem. 68 (2): 820–7. doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.68020820.x. PMID 9003074.
• Bell B, Xing H, Yan K; et al. (1999). "KSR-1 binds to G-protein betagamma subunits and inhibits beta gamma-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase activation.". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (12): 7982–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.12.7982. PMID 10075696.
• Hurowitz EH, Melnyk JM, Chen YJ; et al. (2000). "Genomic characterization of the human heterotrimeric G protein alpha, beta, and gamma subunit genes.". DNA Res. 7 (2): 111–20. doi:10.1093/dnares/7.2.111. PMID 10819326.
• Evanko DS, Thiyagarajan MM, Siderovski DP, Wedegaertner PB (2001). "Gbeta gamma isoforms selectively rescue plasma membrane localization and palmitoylation of mutant Galphas and Galphaq.". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (26): 23945–53. doi:10.1074/jbc.M101154200. PMID 11294873.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH; et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Cuello F, Schulze RA, Heemeyer F; et al. (2003). "Activation of heterotrimeric G proteins by a high energy phosphate transfer via nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) B and Gbeta subunits. Complex formation of NDPK B with Gbeta gamma dimers and phosphorylation of His-266 IN Gbeta". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (9): 7220–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.M210304200. PMID 12486123.
• Kato C, Mizutani T, Tamaki H; et al. (2004). "Characterization of heterotrimeric G protein complexes in rice plasma membrane". Plant J. 38 (2): 320–31. doi:10.1111/j.1365-313X.2004.02046.x. PMID 15078334.
• Schwindinger WF, Giger KE, Betz KS; et al. (2004). "Mice with Deficiency of G Protein γ3 Are Lean and Have Seizures". Mol. Cell. Biol. 24 (17): 7758–68. doi:10.1128/MCB.24.17.7758-7768.2004. PMC 506985. PMID 15314181.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA; et al. (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.