RGS19

Regulator of G-protein signaling 19
PDB rendering based on 1cmz.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 1CMZ​
Identifiers
Symbols	RGS19 ; GAIP; RGSGAIP
External IDs	OMIM: 605071 MGI: 1915153 HomoloGene: 23320 GeneCards: RGS19 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • G-protein alpha-subunit binding • GTPase activator activity • protein binding Cellular component • cytoplasm • Golgi apparatus • heterotrimeric G-protein complex • plasma membrane • brush border • membrane • clathrin-coated vesicle • membrane raft Biological process • autophagy • G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway • small GTPase mediated signal transduction • termination of G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway • positive regulation of GTPase activity Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	10287	56470
Ensembl	ENSG00000171700	ENSMUSG00000002458
UniProt	P49795	Q9CX84
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001039467	NM_001291205
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001034556	NP_001278134
Location (UCSC)	Chr 20: 64.07 – 64.08 Mb	Chr 2: 181.69 – 181.69 Mb
PubMed search

Regulator of G-protein signaling 19 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RGS19 gene.^[1][2]

G proteins mediate a number of cellular processes. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the RGS (regulators of G-protein signaling) family and specifically interacts with G protein, GAI3. This protein is a guanosine triphosphatase-activating protein that functions to down-regulate Galpha i/Galpha q-linked signaling.^[2][3]

Interactions

RGS19 has been shown to interact with GNAO1,^[4][5] GIPC1,^[6] OSTM1,^[7] GNAI1,^[4][5] GNAI3^[1][4][5] and GNAZ.^[4][8]

References

1. De Vries L, Mousli M, Wurmser A, Farquhar MG (January 1996). "GAIP, a protein that specifically interacts with the trimeric G protein G alpha i3, is a member of a protein family with a highly conserved core domain". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 92 (25): 11916–20. doi:10.1073/pnas.92.25.11916. PMC 40514. PMID 8524874.
2. "Entrez Gene: RGS19 regulator of G-protein signalling 19".
3. Berman DM, Wilkie TM, Gilman AG (1996). "GAIP and RGS4 are GTPase-activating proteins for the Gi subfamily of G protein alpha subunits". Cell 86 (3): 445–452. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80117-8. PMID 8756726.
4. De Vries, L; Elenko E; Hubler L; Jones T L; Farquhar M G (Dec 1996). "GAIP is membrane-anchored by palmitoylation and interacts with the activated (GTP-bound) form of G alpha i subunits". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (UNITED STATES) 93 (26): 15203–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.26.15203. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 26381. PMID 8986788.
5. Woulfe, D S; Stadel J M (June 1999). "Structural basis for the selectivity of the RGS protein, GAIP, for Galphai family members. Identification of a single amino acid determinant for selective interaction of Galphai subunits with GAIP". J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES) 274 (25): 17718–24. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.25.17718. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 10364213.
6. Lou, X; Yano H; Lee F; Chao M V; Farquhar M G (March 2001). "GIPC and GAIP form a complex with TrkA: a putative link between G protein and receptor tyrosine kinase pathways". Mol. Biol. Cell (United States) 12 (3): 615–27. doi:10.1091/mbc.12.3.615. ISSN 1059-1524. PMC 30968. PMID 11251075.
7. Fischer, Thierry; De Vries Luc; Meerloo Timo; Farquhar Marilyn Gist (July 2003). "Promotion of G alpha i3 subunit down-regulation by GIPN, a putative E3 ubiquitin ligase that interacts with RGS-GAIP". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (United States) 100 (14): 8270–5. doi:10.1073/pnas.1432965100. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 166218. PMID 12826607.
8. Fan, X; Brass L F; Poncz M; Spitz F; Maire P; Manning D R (October 2000). "The alpha subunits of Gz and Gi interact with the eyes absent transcription cofactor Eya2, preventing its interaction with the six class of homeodomain-containing proteins". J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES) 275 (41): 32129–34. doi:10.1074/jbc.M004577200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 10906137.

Further reading

• Berman DM, Wilkie TM, Gilman AG (1996). "GAIP and RGS4 are GTPase-activating proteins for the Gi subfamily of G protein alpha subunits". Cell 86 (3): 445–452. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80117-8. PMID 8756726.
• De Vries L, Elenko E, Hubler L, et al. (1997). "GAIP is membrane-anchored by palmitoylation and interacts with the activated (GTP-bound) form of G alpha i subunits". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93 (26): 15203–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.26.15203. PMC 26381. PMID 8986788.
• Ogier-Denis E, Petiot A, Bauvy C, Codogno P (1997). "Control of the expression and activity of the Galpha-interacting protein (GAIP) in human intestinal cells". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (39): 24599–603. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.39.24599. PMID 9305927.
• De Vries L, Elenko E, McCaffery JM, et al. (1998). "RGS-GAIP, a GTPase-activating protein for Galphai heterotrimeric G proteins, is located on clathrin-coated vesicles". Mol. Biol. Cell 9 (5): 1123–34. doi:10.1091/mbc.9.5.1123. PMC 25334. PMID 9571244.
• Popov S, Yu K, Kozasa T, Wilkie TM (1997). "The regulators of G protein signaling (RGS) domains of RGS4, RGS10 and GAIP retain GTPase activating protein activity in vitro". Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 94 (14): 7216–20. doi:10.1073/pnas.94.14.7216. PMC 23796. PMID 9207071.
• Wang J, Ducret A, Tu Y, et al. (1998). "RGSZ1, a Gz-selective RGS protein in brain. Structure, membrane association, regulation by Galphaz phosphorylation, and relationship to a Gz gtpase-activating protein subfamily". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (40): 26014–25. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.40.26014. PMID 9748280.
• De Vries L, Lou X, Zhao G, et al. (1998). "GIPC, a PDZ domain containing protein, interacts specifically with the C terminus of RGS-GAIP". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95 (21): 12340–5. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.21.12340. PMC 22833. PMID 9770488.
• Fischer T, Elenko E, McCaffery JM, et al. (1999). "Clathrin-coated vesicles bearing GAIP possess GTPase-activating protein activity in vitro". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96 (12): 6722–7. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.12.6722. PMC 21982. PMID 10359779.
• Woulfe DS, Stadel JM (1999). "Structural basis for the selectivity of the RGS protein, GAIP, for Galphai family members. Identification of a single amino acid determinant for selective interaction of Galphai subunits with GAIP". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (25): 17718–24. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.25.17718. PMID 10364213.
• de Alba E, De Vries L, Farquhar MG, Tjandra N (1999). "Solution structure of human GAIP (Galpha interacting protein): a regulator of G protein signaling". J. Mol. Biol. 291 (4): 927–39. doi:10.1006/jmbi.1999.2989. PMID 10452897.
• Zheng B, Chen D, Farquhar MG (2000). "MIR16, a putative membrane glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase, interacts with RGS16". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (8): 3999–4004. doi:10.1073/pnas.97.8.3999. PMC 18131. PMID 10760272.
• Fischer T, Elenko E, Wan L, et al. (2000). "Membrane-associated GAIP is a phosphoprotein and can be phosphorylated by clathrin-coated vesicles". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (8): 4040–5. doi:10.1073/pnas.97.8.4040. PMC 18141. PMID 10760275.
• Ogier-Denis E, Pattingre S, El Benna J, Codogno P (2001). "Erk1/2-dependent phosphorylation of Galpha-interacting protein stimulates its GTPase accelerating activity and autophagy in human colon cancer cells". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (50): 39090–5. doi:10.1074/jbc.M006198200. PMID 10993892.
• Ito E, Xie G, Maruyama K, Palmer PP (2000). "A core-promoter region functions bi-directionally for human opioid-receptor-like gene ORL1 and its 5'-adjacent gene GAIP". J. Mol. Biol. 304 (3): 259–70. doi:10.1006/jmbi.2000.4212. PMID 11090272.
• Lou X, Yano H, Lee F, et al. (2001). "GIPC and GAIP form a complex with TrkA: a putative link between G protein and receptor tyrosine kinase pathways". Mol. Biol. Cell 12 (3): 615–27. doi:10.1091/mbc.12.3.615. PMC 30968. PMID 11251075.
• Deloukas P, Matthews LH, Ashurst J, et al. (2002). "The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20". Nature 414 (6866): 865–71. doi:10.1038/414865a. PMID 11780052.
• Ross EM, Wilkie TM (2000). "GTPase-activating proteins for heterotrimeric G proteins: regulators of G protein signaling (RGS) and RGS-like proteins". Annual Review of Biochemistry 69: 795–827. doi:10.1146/annurev.biochem.69.1.795. PMID 10966476.
• Sierra DA, Gilbert DJ, Householder D, Grishin NV, Yu K, Ukidwe P, Barker SA, He W, Wensel TG, Otero G, Brown G, Copeland NG, Jenkins NA, Wilkie TM (2002). "Evolution of the regulators of G-protein signaling multigene family in mouse and human". Genomics 79 (2): 177–85. doi:10.1006/geno.2002.6693. PMID 11829488.
• Kirikoshi H, Katoh M (2002). "Expression of human GIPC1 in normal tissues, cancer cell lines, and primary tumors". Int. J. Mol. Med. 9 (5): 509–13. doi:10.3892/ijmm.9.5.509. PMID 11956658.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Xie GX, Han X, Ito E, et al. (2003). "Gene structure, dual-promoters and mRNA alternative splicing of the human and mouse regulator of G protein signaling GAIP/RGS19". J. Mol. Biol. 325 (4): 721–32. doi:10.1016/S0022-2836(02)01283-4. PMID 12507475.
• Fischer T, De Vries L, Meerloo T, Farquhar MG (2003). "Promotion of G alpha i3 subunit down-regulation by GIPN, a putative E3 ubiquitin ligase that interacts with RGS-GAIP". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100 (14): 8270–5. doi:10.1073/pnas.1432965100. PMC 166218. PMID 12826607.

External links

• RGS19 human gene location in the UCSC Genome Browser.
• RGS19 human gene details in the UCSC Genome Browser.